carbendazim (Ref: BAS 346F) ** carbendazol ** carbendazim (MBC) ** carbendazime ** MBC ** Translations

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GENERAL INFORMATION

Description: A fungicide used to control a a range of diseases including Septoria, Fusarium and Sclerotina. Can also be a pesticide transformation product

Introduction: 1973, first reported; 1974, first introduced

EC Directive 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):

Status	Annex 1
Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur	Germany
Date inclusion expires	30/11/2014

Approved for use () or known to be used () in the following European countries:

AT

BE

BG

CY

CZ

DE

DK

EE

EL

ES

FI

FR

HU

IE

IT

LT

LU

LV

MT

NL

PL

PT

RO

SE

SI

SK

UK

Also registered in: Australia, USA

General status:

Pesticide type	Fungicide, Metabolite
Metabolite Type	Soil
Substance group	Benzimidazole
Substance origin	Synthetic
Mode of action	Systemic with curative and protectant activity. Inhibition of mitosis and cell division.
CAS RN	10605-21-7
EC number	234-323-0
CIPAC number	263
US EPA chemical code	115001/128872
Chiral molecule	No
Chemical formula	C9H9N3O2
SMILES	COC(=O)NC1=NC2=CC=CC=C2N1
International Chemical Identifier (InChI)	InChI=1/C9H9N3O2/c1-14-9(13)12-8-10-6-4-2-3-5-7(6)11-8/h2-5H,1H3,(H2,10,11,12,13)
Structure diagram/image available?	Yes
Molecular mass (g mol-1)	191.21
IUPAC Name	methyl benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate
CAS Name	methyl 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate
Other status information	Marine Pollutant
Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)	Not applicable
Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)	Not applicable
Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)	1
Physical state	Colourless crystalline powder
Related substances & organisms	epoxiconazole flusilazole

Can be a metabolite of:

Parent		Formation Medium	Estimated Maximum Occurrence Fraction	91/414 Relevancy
benomyl		Soil		-
thiophanate-methyl		Soil	0.758	Major fraction, Relevant

Formulations:

Property	Value
Example manufacturers of products using this active	AgriGuard DuPont Nufarm Barclay
Example products using this active	Delsene 50 Flo Harvesan Mascot Occidor Ringer Punch SE
UK LERAP status	None
Formulation and application details	Usually supplied as a soluble concentrate that is mixed with water and applied as a spray, used as a drench or pre-planting dip.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1)		8.0	A5	Low
Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1)		300	A5 - Ethanol	-
		36	A5 - Benzene	-
		135	A5 - Ethyl acetate	-
		100	A5 - Chloroform	-
Melting Point (oC)		305	A5	-
Boiling Point (oC)		Decomposes before boiling	A5	-
Degradation point (oC)		305	A5	-
Flashpoint (oC)		Not highly flammable	A5	-
Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC	P	3.02 X 1001	Calculated	-
	Log P	1.48	A5	Low
Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity		1.45	A5	-
Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC		4.2	A5	-
		Note: Weak base
Vapour pressure at 25oC (mPa)		0.09	A5	Non-volatile
Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1)		3.60 X 10-03	A5	Non-volatile
Henry's law constant at 20oC (dimensionless)		8.82 X 10-07	Q2	Moderately volatile
GUS leaching potential index		2.64	Calculated	Transition state
SCI-GROW groundwater index (µg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate	Value	1.50 X 10-01	Calculated	-
	Note	-
Potential for particle bound transport index		-	Calculated	Low
Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1		242.5-244nm =10410, two smaller peaks at 279-280.5nm and 285-288 nm = 14670	A3	-
Surface tension (mN m-1)		-	-	-

Degradation:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)	DT50 (typical)	40	A5	Moderately persistent
	DT50 (lab at 20oC)	34.3	A5	Moderately persistent
	DT50 (field)	22	A5	Non-persistent
	DT90 (lab at 20oC)	132.5	A5	-
	DT90 (field)	115	A5	-
	Note	EU dossier Lab studies DT50 range 20-40 days, DT90 range 86-226 days; Field studies DT50 range 11-78 days, DT90 range 36-257 days; Defra give general range as 8-32 days; Other sources: DT50 120 days (F3)
Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7	Value	Stable	A5	Stable
	Note	Stable at pH 5 to pH 7, DT50 22-124 days at pH 9
Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7	Value	350	A5	Persistent
	Note	pH5:>350 days; pH7:>350 days; pH9: 54-124 days, all @22-25 DegC
Water-Sediment DT50 (days)		33.7	A5	Moderately fast
Water phase only DT50 (days)		7.9	A5	Moderately fast

Soil adsorption and mobility:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Linear	Kd	-	-	-
	Koc	-
	Notes and range	-
Freundlich	Kf	3.4	A4	Moderately mobile
	Kfoc	225
	1/n	0.967
	Notes and range	EU dossier Kf range 1.6-6.3 mL/g, Kfoc range 200-246 mL/g, 1/n range 0.87-1.12, Soils=3
pH sensitivity		No

Key metabolites:

Metabolite		Formation Medium	Estimated Maximum Occurrence Fraction	91/414 Relevancy
2-aminobenzimidazole		Soil	0.08	Minor fraction, Relevant

Other known metabolites:

Metabolite name and reference	Aliases	Formation Medium / Rate	Estimated Maximum Occurrence Fraction	Metabolising Enzymes
5-hydroxymethylbenzimidazole carbamate	5-OH-MBC; 5-OH-carbendazim	a=Animal; b=Plant	a=1.00	-

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Bio-concentration factor	BCF	25	P4	Low potential
	CT50 (days)	Not available		-
Bioaccumulation potential		-	Calculated	Low
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1)		> 10000	A5 Rat	Low
Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL	(mg kg-1)	> 10	B5 Rat	High
	(ppm diet)	> 100		-
Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1)		> 2250	A5 Colinus virginianus	Low
Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50)		615 mg kg bw-1 day-1	A5 Anas platyrhynchos	-
Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		0.19	A5 Oncorhynchus mykiss	Moderate
Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1)		0.0032	A5 Oncorhynchus mykiss	-
Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1)		0.15	A5 Daphnia magna	Moderate
Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1)		0.0015	A5 Daphnia magna	-
Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		0.086	F3 Americamysis bahia	High
Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1)		0.0133	A5 Chironomus riparius	Moderate
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1)		-	-	-
Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1)		> 7.7	A5 Scenedemus subspicatus	Moderate
Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Honeybees - Acute 48 hour LD50 (µg bee-1)		> 50	A5 Contact	Moderate
Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1)		5.4	A5 Eisenia foetida	High
Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1)		1.0	A5 Eisenia foetida	Moderate
Other soil macro-organisms - e.g. Collembola	LR50product ha EC50product ha NOECproduct ha % Effect	-	-	-
Other arthropod (1)	LR50 g ha-1	3000	Mortality A5 Aphidius rhopalosiphi	Harmless at 1 kg ha-1
	% Effect	39	Dose: 0.36 kg ha-1 A5 Aphidius matricariae	Moderately harmful
Other arthropod (2)	LR50 g ha-1	30	Mortality A5 Typhlodromus pyri	Harmless at 1 kg ha-1
	% Effect	100	Dose: 0.03 kg ha-1 A5 Typhlodromus pyri, protonymph	Harmful
Soil micro-organisms		Nitrogen mineralisation: No adverse effect Carbon mineralisation: No adverse effect	A5 Dose: 1.5 kg/ha	-
Mesocosm study data	NOEAEC mg l-1	-	-	-
	NOEAEC mg l-1	-	-	-

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1)		> 10000	A5 Rat	Low
Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight)		> 2000	A5 Rat	-
Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1)		> 5.8	A5 Rat, 4hr (head/nose)	-
Other Mammal toxicity endpoints		-		-
ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.02	A5 Rabbit, SF-500	-
ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.02	A5 Rat, SF=500	-
AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.02	A5 Rat, SF=500	-
Dermal penetration studies (%)		-	-	-
Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464		-	-	-
Exposure Limits		-	-	-
Exposure Routes	Public	Negligible risk to consumers and bystanders
	Occupational	Low risk to agricultural workers
Examples of European MRLs (mg kg-1)	Value	Oat and barley grains: 2.0; Brussel sprouts, eggplants, tomatoes, citrus, cherries, plums and wine grapes: 0.5; Table grapes: 0.3; Beans (with pods), peas (with pods), pomes, apricots, nectarines and peaches: 0.2; Other vegetables, other fruit, rye grains and wheat grains: 0.1; Corn grain: 0.01
	Note	Current May 2007. For the EU pesticides database click here
Drinking Water MAC (µg l-1)		-	-	-

Health issues:

Carcinogen	Mutagen	Endocrine disrupter	Reproduction / development effects	Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor	Neurotoxicant	Respiratory tract irritant	Skin irritant	Eye irritant
	-
General human health issues		Evidence of liver enzyme induction Possible liver toxicant

: Yes, known to cause a problem
: No, known not to cause a problem
: Possibly, status not identified
- : No data

Handling issues:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
General		IMDG Transport Code is usually 9
CLP classification 2013		-
EC Risk Classification		Mutagenic category 2: R46 Reproduction risk category 2: R60, R61 N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53
EC Safety Classification		S45, S53, S60, S61
WHO Classification		U	-	Unlikely to present an acute hazard
US EPA Classification (formulation)		III	-	Caution - Slightly toxic
UN Number		Usually 3082
Waste disposal & packaging		Usually Packaging Group III (minor danger)

TRANSLATIONS