prochloraz (Ref: BTS 40542) ** AE B080109 ** Translations

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GENERAL INFORMATION

Description: A fungicide active against a wide range of diseases affecting field crops, fruit, turf and vegetables

Introduction: 1977, first reported

EC Directive 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):

Status	Excluded from Annex 1 (Re-submitted)
Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur	Ireland
Date inclusion expires	12/2010

Approved for use () or known to be used () in the following European countries:

AT

BE

BG

CY

CZ

DE

DK

EE

EL

ES

FI

FR

HU

IE

IT

LT

LU

LV

MT

NL

PL

PT

RO

SE

SI

SK

UK

Also registered in: Australia

General status:

Pesticide type	Fungicide
Substance group	Imidazole
Substance origin	Synthetic
Mode of action	Broad-spectrum with protectant and eradicant properties. Disrupts membrane function.
CAS RN	67747-09-5
EC number	266-994-5
CIPAC number	407
US EPA chemical code	128851
Chemical formula	C15H16Cl3N3O2
SMILES	CCCN(CCOC1=C(C=C(C=C1Cl)Cl)Cl)C(=O)N2C=CN=C2
International Chemical Identifier (InChI)	InChI=1/C15H16Cl3N3O2/c1-2-4-20(15(22)21-5-3-19-10-21)6-7-23-14-12(17)8-11(16)9-13(14)18/h3,5,8-10H,2,4,6-7H2,1H3
Structure diagram/image available?	Yes
Molecular mass (g mol-1)	376.7
IUPAC Name	N-propyl-N-[2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenoxy)ethyl]imidazole-1-carboxamide
CAS Name	N-propyl-N-[2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenoxy)ethyl]-1H-imidazole-1-carboxamide
Other status information	-
Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)	Not applicable
Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)	Not applicable
Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)	3
Physical state	Colourless to white crystals
Related substances & organisms	butan-1-ol fluquinconazole propiconazole tebuconazole thiram solvent naphtha

Formulations:

Property	Value
Example manufacturers of products using this active	AgriGuard Bayer CropScience BASF Makhteshim-Agan Nufarm
Example products using this active	Alpha Prochloraz Mirage 40EC Poraz Grail
UK LERAP status	None
Formulation and application details	Often supplied as emulsifiable concentrates that are mixed with water and used as a spray.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1)		26.5	A5	Low
Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1)		600000	A5 - Ethyl acetate	-
		600000	A5 - Acetone	-
		7500	A5 - Hexane	-
		600000	A5 - Methanol	-
Melting Point (oC)		48.3	A5	-
Boiling Point (oC)		Decomposes before boiling	A5	-
Degradation point (oC)		220	A4	-
Flashpoint (oC)		Not highly flammable	A5	-
Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC	P	3.16 X 1003	Calculated	-
	Log P	3.5	A5	High
Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity		1.42	L3	-
Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC		3.8	A5	-
		Note: Weak base
Vapour pressure at 25oC (mPa)		0.15	A5	Non-volatile
Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1)		1.64 X 10-03	A5	Non-volatile
Henry's law constant at 20oC (dimensionless)		6.74 X 10-07	Q2	Moderately volatile
GUS leaching potential index		1.75	Calculated	Low leachability
SCI-GROW groundwater index (µg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate	Value	5.83 X 10-02	Calculated	-
	Note	-
Potential for particle bound transport index		-	Calculated	High
Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1		Neutral soluton: 300nm = 103; [Acidic solution: 300nm = 23; [Basic solution: 300nm = 58	A5	-
Surface tension (mN m-1)		53.07	A5 at 20oC	-

Degradation:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)	DT50 (typical)	120	W4	Persistent
	DT50 (lab at 20oC)	223.6	A5	Persistent
	DT50 (field)	16.7	A3	Non-persistent
	DT90 (lab at 20oC)	865.0	A5	-
	DT90 (field)	1124	A5	-
	Note	EU dossier lab studies DT50 range 22.1-936.1 days, DT90 range 90.8-2060 days; field study DT50 range 1.9-73.2 days, DT90 range 55-7545 days
Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7	Value	1.5	A5	Moderately fast
	Note	-
Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7	Value	Stable	A5	Very persistent
	Note	Stable at pH 5 and pH 7, DT50 78.9 days at pH 9, all at 22 degC
Water-Sediment DT50 (days)		359	A5	Slow
Water phase only DT50 (days)		2.0	A5	Moderately fast

Soil adsorption and mobility:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Linear	Kd	-	DW3	Slightly mobile
	Koc	500
	Notes and range	-
Freundlich	Kf	38.0	A5	Slightly mobile
	Kfoc	1440
	1/n	0.81
	Notes and range	EU dossier kf range 15.6-130 mL/g, Kfoc range 1222-8654 mL/g, 1/n range 0.76-0.86, Soils=10
pH sensitivity		Less adsorption under alkaline conditions

Key metabolites:

Metabolite		Formation Medium	Estimated Maximum Occurrence Fraction	91/414 Relevancy
N-formyl-N'-propyl-N'-2(2,4,6-trichlorophenoxy)ethylurea (Ref: BTS 44596)		Soil	0.128	Major fraction, Relevant

Other known metabolites:

Metabolite name and reference	Aliases	Formation Medium / Rate	Estimated Maximum Occurrence Fraction	Metabolising Enzymes
imidazole	-	Soil	0.026	-
(Ref: BTS 19036) Note: Rat LD50 >800 mg kg-1	-	Rat	-	-
(Ref: BTS 40348)	-	Soil	0.139	-
(Ref: BTS 44595) Note: DT50 soil = 303 days	AEC 444595	Soil	0.063	-
(Ref: BTS 9608)	-	Rat (Urinary)	-	-
(Ref: M590F040)	-	Soil	0.077	-

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Bio-concentration factor	BCF	371	A5	Threshold for concern
	CT50 (days)	3.4		-
Bioaccumulation potential		-	Calculated	Moderate
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1)		1023	A5 Rat	Moderate
Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL	(mg kg-1)	-	-	-
	(ppm diet)	-		-
Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1)		662	A5 Colinus virginianus	Moderate
Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50)		> 1580 mg kg bw-1 day-1	A5 Colinus virginianus	-
Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		1.5	A5 Oncorhynchus mykiss	Moderate
Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1)		0.049	A5 Pimephales promelas, 36 day	-
Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1)		4.3	A5 Daphnia magna	Moderate
Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		0.77	A5 Americamysis bahia	Moderate
Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1)		>= 0.8	A5 Chironomus riparius	Moderate
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1)		-	-	-
Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1)		0.171	A5 Lemna gibba	Moderate
Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1)		> 0.0055	A5 Scenedemus subspicatus	High
Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1)		0.01	Q2 Unknown species	Moderate
Honeybees - Acute 48 hour LD50 (µg bee-1)		> 101	A5 Oral	Low
Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1)		> 500	A5 Eisenia foetida corr	Moderate
Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1)		4.2	A5 Eisenia foetida corr	Moderate
Other soil macro-organisms - e.g. Collembola	LR50product ha EC50product ha NOECproduct ha % Effect	> 200	A5 Folsomia candida, 28 day NOEC mg kg-1	-
Other arthropod (1)	LR50 g ha-1	85	48 hour A5 Aphidius rhopalosiphi, adult	Moderately harmful at 1 kg ha-1
	% Effect	-	-	-
Other arthropod (2)	LR50 g ha-1	44.3	7 day A5 Typhlodromus pyri, adult	Moderately harmful at 1 kg ha-1
	% Effect	-	-	-
Soil micro-organisms		-	-	-
Mesocosm study data	NOEAEC mg l-1	-	-	-
	NOEAEC mg l-1	-	-	-

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1)		1023	A5 Rat	Moderate
Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight)		> 2100	A5 Rat	-
Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1)		> 2.16	A5 Rat, 4hr (whole body)	-
Other Mammal toxicity endpoints		-		-
ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.01	A5 Dog, SF=100	-
ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.2	A5 Rat, SF=100	-
AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.025	A5 Dog, SF=100	-
Dermal penetration studies (%)		1.2-3.2	A5 concentration dependant	-
Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464		-	-	-
Exposure Limits		-	-	-
Exposure Routes	Public	[No unacceptable risks to bystanders identified]
	Occupational	[No unacceptable risks to operators or other workers identified]
Examples of European MRLs (mg kg-1)	Value	Citrus: 10.0; Lettuce and avocados: 5.0; Braley grains and oat grains: 1.0; Garlic, rye grains and wheat grains: 0.5; Other vegetables, other fruit and other cereal grains: 0.05
	Note	[Current May 2007.] For the EU pesticides database click here
Drinking Water MAC (µg l-1)		0.1	EU Dir 89/778/EC limit; Calc MAC=30 µg/l; A5	-

Health issues:

Carcinogen	Mutagen	Endocrine disrupter	Reproduction / development effects	Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor	Neurotoxicant	Respiratory tract irritant	Skin irritant	Eye irritant
	-					-
General human health issues		[Possible liver toxicant]

: Yes, known to cause a problem
: No, known not to cause a problem
: Possibly, status not identified
- : No data

Handling issues:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
General		[Not explosive or oxidising], [IMDG Transport Code is usually 9]
EC Risk Classification		[Carcinogen category 3: R40], [Reproduction risk category 3: R63], [Xn - Harmful: R22], [N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53]
EC Safety Classification		S2, S60, S61
WHO Classification		II	-	Moderately hazardous
US EPA Classification (formulation)		No consensus across products or no products available	-	-
UN Number		Variable with product, usually 3077 or 3082
Waste disposal & packaging		[Contain/absorb spillage in suitable inert, absorbent material. Transfer to heavy duty plastic drums. Dispose in approved manner], [Usually Packaging Group III (minor danger)]

TRANSLATIONS