flonicamid (Ref: IKI 220) ** F 1785 ** Translations

Environmental Fate - Ecotoxicology - Human Health

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description: An insecticide used to control aphids, thrips and whitefly in a range of situations including glasshouses

Introduction: 2000

EC Directive 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):

Status	Pending
Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur	France
Date inclusion expires	-

Approved for use () or known to be used () in the following European countries:

AT

BE

BG

CY

CZ

DE

DK

EE

EL

ES

FI

FR

HU

IE

IT

LT

LU

LV

MT

NL

PL

PT

RO

SE

SI

SK

UK

General status:

Pesticide type	Insecticide, Aphicide
Substance group	Pyridine compound
Substance origin	Synthetic
Mode of action	Systemic, selective with long term activity. Thought to distrub insect feeding pattern.
CAS RN	158062-67-0
EC number	-
CIPAC number	763
US EPA chemical code	128016
Chemical formula	C9H6F3N3O
SMILES	O=C(NCC#N)c1cnccc1C(F)(F)F
International Chemical Identifier (InChI)	InChI=1/C9H6F3N3O/c10-9(11,12)7-1-3-14-5-6(7)8(16)15-4-2-13/h1,3,5H,4H2,(H,15,16)
Structure diagram/image available?	Yes
Molecular mass (g mol-1)	229.16
IUPAC Name	N-cyanomethyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinamide
CAS Name	N-(cyanomethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide
Other status information	-
Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)	Not applicable
Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)	9C
Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)	Not applicable
Physical state	Off-white powder
Related substances & organisms	-

Formulations:

Property	Value
Example manufacturers of products using this active	Belchim ISK Biosciences FMC Corp
Example products using this active	Teppeki Beleaf Carbine Mainman
UK LERAP status	None
Formulation and application details	Often supplied as wettable granules that are mixed with water and applied as a spray.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1)		5200	A5	High
Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1)		163500	A5 - Acetone	-
		34200	A5 - Ethyl acetate	-
		4500	A5 - Dichloromethane	-
		550	A5 - Toluene	-
Melting Point (oC)		157.5	A5	-
Boiling Point (oC)		Decomposes before boiling	A5	-
Degradation point (oC)		313	A5	-
Flashpoint (oC)		Not highly flammable	A5	-
Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC	P	5.75 X 10-01	Calculated	-
	Log P	-0.24	A5	Low
Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity		1.54	A5	-
Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC		11.6	A5	-
		Note: Strong base
Vapour pressure at 25oC (mPa)		9.43 X 10-04	A5	Non-volatile
Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1)		4.20 X 10-08	L3	Non-volatile
Henry's law constant at 20oC (dimensionless)		1.71 X 10-11	Calculated	Non-volatile
GUS leaching potential index		1.87	Calculated	Transition state
SCI-GROW groundwater index (µg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate	Value	3.68 X 10-03	Calculated	-
	Note	-
Potential for particle bound transport index		-	Calculated	Low
Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1		Neutral solution: 265nm = 3870; [Acidic solution: 266nm = 3890; [Basic solution: 204nm = 13200, 270nm = 4190	A5	-
Surface tension (mN m-1)		47.3	A5 at 25oC	-

Degradation:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)	DT50 (typical)	3.1	F3	Non-persistent
	DT50 (lab at 20oC)	1.1	A5	Non-persistent
	DT50 (field)	3.1	F3	Non-persistent
	DT90 (lab at 20oC)	3.5	A5	-
	DT90 (field)	-	-	-
	Note	EU dossier lab studies range DT50 0.7-1.8 days, DT90 range 2.3-6.0 days
Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7	Value	Stable	A5	Stable
	Note	-
Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7	Value	Stable	A5	Very persistent
	Note	Stable at pH 4 and 7, 204 days at pH 9
Water-Sediment DT50 (days)		40	A5	Moderately fast
Water phase only DT50 (days)		33.8	A5	Stable

Soil adsorption and mobility:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Linear	Kd	0.09	A5	Very mobile
	Koc	1.6
	Notes and range	EU dossier Kd range 0.03-1.7 mL/g, Koc range 0.7-3.0 mL/g, Soils=4
Freundlich	Kf	-	-	-
	Kfoc	-
	1/n	-
	Notes and range	-
pH sensitivity		No

Key metabolites:

Metabolite		Formation Medium	Estimated Maximum Occurrence Fraction	91/414 Relevancy
4-trifluoromethylnicotinic acid		Soil	0.364	Major fraction, Relevant
N-(4-trifluoromethyl-nicotinoyl)glycinamide		Soil	0.102	Major fraction, Relevant
6-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethylnicotinic acid		Soil	0.213	Major fraction, Relevant

Other known metabolites:

Metabolite name and reference	Aliases	Formation Medium / Rate	Estimated Maximum Occurrence Fraction	Metabolising Enzymes
-	TFNG	Rat (Urinary); Plant; Animal	-	-
-	TFNG-AM	Rat (Urinary); Plant; Soil	-	-
-	IKI-220 N-oxide	Rat (Urinary)	-	-
-	TFNA-AM oxide	Rat (Urinary)	-	-
-	OH-TFNA-AM	Rat (Urinary)	-	-

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Bio-concentration factor	BCF	-	-	-
	CT50 (days)	-		-
Bioaccumulation potential		-	Calculated	Low
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1)		884	A5 Rat	Moderate
Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL	(mg kg-1)	25	F2 Rabbit	High
	(ppm diet)	-		-
Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1)		> 2000	A5 Colinus virginianus	Moderate
Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50)		> 411 mg kg bw-1 day-1	A5 Colinus virginianus	-
Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		> 100	A5 Oncorhynchus mykiss	Moderate
Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1)		10	A5 Pimephales promelas	-
Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1)		> 100	A5 Daphnia magna	Moderate
Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1)		3.1	A5 Daphnia magna	-
Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1)		-	-	-
Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1)		119	A5 Lemna gibba, Biomass	Low
Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1)		> 100	A5 Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata	Low
Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Honeybees - Acute 48 hour LD50 (µg bee-1)		> 51100	A5 Contact	Low
Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1)		> 1000	A5	Moderate
Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1)		-	-	-
Other soil macro-organisms - e.g. Collembola	LR50product ha EC50product ha NOECproduct ha % Effect	-	-	-
Other arthropod (1)	LR50 g ha-1	-	-	-
	% Effect	22.2	Mortality Dose: 80g ha-1 A5 Aphidius rhopalosiphi	Harmless
Other arthropod (2)	LR50 g ha-1	-	-	-
	% Effect	100	Mortality Dose: 80g ha-1 A5 Typhlodromus pyri	Harmful
Soil micro-organisms		Nitrogen mineralisation: No adverse effect Carbon mineralisation: No adverse effect	A5 Dose: not known	-
Mesocosm study data	NOEAEC mg l-1	-	-	-
	NOEAEC mg l-1	-	-	-

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1)		884	A5 Rat	Moderate
Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight)		> 5000	A5 Rat	-
Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1)		> 4.9	A5 Rat, 4hr (nose only, aerosol)	-
Other Mammal toxicity endpoints		-		-
ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.025	A5 Rabbit, SF=100 [Other data: 0.01, UK ACP 2005]	-
ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.025	A3 Rabbit, SF=100 [Other data: 0.04, UK ACP 2005]	-
AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.025	A3 Rabbit, SF=100 [Other data: 0.04, UK ACP 2005]	-
Dermal penetration studies (%)		7.46-13.0	A5 concentration dependant	-
Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464		-	-	-
Exposure Limits		-	-	-
Exposure Routes	Public	[No risks anticipated]
	Occupational	[PPE/PPC advised in order to mitigate risks]
Examples of European MRLs (mg kg-1)	Value	Cereals: 2.0; Peaches: 0.3; Apples and pears: 0.2; Potatoes: 0.1
	Note	[A5 EU dossier proposals] For the EU pesticides database click here
Drinking Water MAC (µg l-1)		0.1	EU Dir 89/778/EC limit; Calc MAC=219.0 µg/l; A5	-

Health issues:

Carcinogen	Mutagen	Endocrine disrupter	Reproduction / development effects	Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor	Neurotoxicant	Respiratory tract irritant	Skin irritant	Eye irritant
	-	-
General human health issues		[Possible liver and kidney toxicant]

: Yes, known to cause a problem
: No, known not to cause a problem
: Possibly, status not identified
- : No data

Handling issues:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
General		[Not explosive or oxidising]
EC Risk Classification		[Xn - Harmful: R22], [N - Dangerous for the environment: R53]
EC Safety Classification		S2, S46
WHO Classification		NL	-	Not listed
US EPA Classification (formulation)		No consensus across products or no products available	-	-
UN Number		-
Waste disposal & packaging		-

TRANSLATIONS