folpet ** folpel ** folpan ** phthaltan ** trichloromethylthiophthalimide ** Translations

Environmental Fate - Ecotoxicology - Human Health

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description: A fungicide used to control downy mildew, powdery mildew, leaf spot and many other diseases

Introduction: 1952, first reported

EC Directive 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):

Status	Annex 1
Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur	Italy
Date inclusion expires	30/09/2017

Approved for use () or known to be used () in the following European countries:

AT

BE

BG

CY

CZ

DE

DK

EE

EL

ES

FI

FR

HU

IE

IT

LT

LU

LV

MT

NL

PL

PT

RO

SE

SI

SK

UK

Also registered in: USA

General status:

Pesticide type	Fungicide
Substance group	Phthalimide
Substance origin	Synthetic
Mode of action	Foliar applied with protective action. Acts by inhibiting normal cell division of many microorganisms.
CAS RN	133-07-3
EC number	205-088-6
CIPAC number	75
US EPA chemical code	081601
Chemical formula	C9H4Cl3NO2S
SMILES	N1(C(c2ccccc2C1=O)=O)SC(Cl)(Cl)Cl
International Chemical Identifier (InChI)	InChI=1/C9H4Cl3NO2S/c10-9(11,12)16-13-7(14)5-3-1-2-4-6(5)8(13)15/h1-4H
Structure diagram/image available?	Yes
Molecular mass (g mol-1)	296.56
IUPAC Name	N-(trichloromethylthio)phthalimide
CAS Name	2-[(trichloromethyl)thio]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione
Other status information	-
Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)	Not applicable
Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)	Not applicable
Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)	M4
Physical state	Colourless crystals
Related substances & organisms	benalaxyl Bordeaux mixture cymoxanil prochloraz propiconazole triadimenol

Formulations:

Property	Value
Example manufacturers of products using this active	Makhteshim Agan AgroCare India Pesticides Ltd.
Example products using this active	Folpan 80 WG Petal Enofol Faltex
UK LERAP status	No UK approval for use or outside scope
Formulation and application details	Often supplied as water dispersible granules that are mixed with water and applied as a spray.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1)		0.8	A5	Low
Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1)		34000	A5 - Acetone	-
		1400	A5 - n-Octanol	-
		3100	A5 - Methanol	-
		450	A5 - Heptane	-
Melting Point (oC)		178.5	A5	-
Boiling Point (oC)		Decomposes before boiling	A5	-
Degradation point (oC)		184	A5	-
Flashpoint (oC)		Not highly flammable	A5	-
Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC	P	1.05 X 1003	Calculated	-
	Log P	3.02	A5	High
Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity		1.72	A5	-
Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC		Not applicable	A5	-
		Note: No dissociation
Vapour pressure at 25oC (mPa)		2.10 X 10-02	A5	Non-volatile
Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1)		8.00 X 10-03	A5	Non-volatile
Henry's law constant at 20oC (dimensionless)		1.57 X 10-04	Q2	Volatile
GUS leaching potential index		1.02	Calculated	Low leachability
SCI-GROW groundwater index (µg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate	Value	3.53 X 10-03	Calculated	-
	Note	-
Potential for particle bound transport index		-	Calculated	Low
Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1		Neutral solution: 47100, 7900, 1780, 1720 at 223, 236, 295, 300nm; [Acidic solution: 52600, 8410, 1770, 1720 at 223, 237, 296, 301nm; [Basic solution: 19900, 11300, 7410, 1810, 1650, 1320 at 225, 238,247, 280, 289, 301nm	A5	-
Surface tension (mN m-1)		-	-	-

Degradation:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)	DT50 (typical)	4.7	A5	Non-persistent
	DT50 (lab at 20oC)	4.7	A5	Non-persistent
	DT50 (field)	3	A5	Non-persistent
	DT90 (lab at 20oC)	5.4	A5	-
	DT90 (field)	-	-	-
	Note	EU dossier lab studies DT50 range 0.2-4.3 days, DT90 range 0.7-12.8 days
Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7	Value	Stable	A5	Stable
	Note	Not a significant degradation route
Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7	Value	0.05	A5	Non-persistent
	Note	Rapid and pH sensitive: DT50 2.6 hours at pH 5, 1 minute at pH 9, all at 25 degC
Water-Sediment DT50 (days)		0.02	A5	Fast
Water phase only DT50 (days)		0.02	A5	Fast

Soil adsorption and mobility:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Linear	Kd	-	A3	Moderately mobile
	Koc	304
	Notes and range	EU dossier worst case estimate; Other sources: 15.0 mL/g (DW3)
Freundlich	Kf	-	-	-
	Kfoc	-
	1/n	-
	Notes and range	-
pH sensitivity		-

Key metabolites:

Metabolite		Formation Medium	Estimated Maximum Occurrence Fraction	91/414 Relevancy
phthalimide		Soil	0.649	Major fraction, Relevant
phthalic acid		Soil	0.166	Major fraction, Not relevant
phthalamic acid		Soil	0.167	Major fraction, Not relevant

Other known metabolites:

Metabolite name and reference	Aliases	Formation Medium / Rate	Estimated Maximum Occurrence Fraction	Metabolising Enzymes
trichlomethylsulfenic acid	-	Water/sediment (Hydrolysis)	-	-
tricloromethylmercaptan	-	Water/sediment (Hydrolysis)	-	-
thiophosgene	-	Soil; Water/sediment (Hydrolysis)	-	-
carbon oxysulfide	-	Water/sediment (Hydrolysis)	-	-
2-cyanobenzoic acid	-	Water	0.397	-
benzamide	-	Water	0.102	-

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Bio-concentration factor	BCF	56	A5 Whole fish	Low potential
	CT50 (days)	0.6		-
Bioaccumulation potential		-	Calculated	Low
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1)		> 2000	A5 Rat	Moderate
Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL	(mg kg-1)	44.5	A5 Rat	High
	(ppm diet)	-		-
Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1)		> 2510	A5 Colinus virginianus	Low
Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50)		> 1127 mg kg bw-1 day-1	A5 Colinus virginianus	-
Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		0.233	A5 Oncorhynchus mykiss	Moderate
Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1)		0.68	A5 Daphnia magna	Moderate
Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1)		0.002	F3 Daphnia magna, LOEC	-
Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		12.1	F3 Americamysis bahia	Moderate
Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1)		-	-	-
Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1)		> 10	A5 Scenedemus subspicatus	Moderate
Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Honeybees - Acute 48 hour LD50 (µg bee-1)		> 200	A5 Contact	Low
Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1)		> 500	A5 Eisenia foetida, corr	Moderate
Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1)		5.18	A5 Eisenia foetida corr	Moderate
Other soil macro-organisms - e.g. Collembola	LR50product ha EC50product ha NOECproduct ha % Effect	-	-	-
Other arthropod (1)	LR50 g ha-1	-	-	-
	% Effect	32.5 -75	Mortality Parasitism Dose: 2.0 kg ha-1 A5 Aphidius rhopalosiphi, adult	Moderately harmful
Other arthropod (2)	LR50 g ha-1	-	-	-
	% Effect	0 9.2	Mortality Egg production Dose: 5.25 kg ha-1 A5 Typhlodromus pyri	Harmless
Soil micro-organisms		Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant effect Carbon mineralisation: No significant effect	A5 Dose: 15.93 kg/ha	-
Mesocosm study data	NOEAEC mg l-1	-	-	-
	NOEAEC mg l-1	-	-	-

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1)		> 2000	A5 Rat	Moderate
Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight)		> 2000	A5 Rat	-
Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1)		1.89	A5 Rat	-
Other Mammal toxicity endpoints		-		-
ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.1	A5 Dog, SF=100	-
ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.1	A5 Rabbit, SF=100	-
AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.1	A5 Rat, 90 day, SF=100	-
Dermal penetration studies (%)		10.0	A5	-
Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464		-	-	-
Exposure Limits		-	-	-
Exposure Routes	Public	[Negligible risk to bystanders]
	Occupational	[Potential risk to operators and other workers not utilising PPE/PPC]
Examples of European MRLs (mg kg-1)	Value	Wine grapes: 5.0; Strawberries, soft fruit and pome fruit: 3.0; Tomatoes, lettuce, beans, cherries, barley grains and wheat grains: 2.0; Potatoes and onions: 0.1; Other vegetables, other fruit and other cereal grains: 0.02
	Note	[Current May 2007.] [Data for tomatoes, beans, pomes, soft fruit is sum of captan and folpet.] For the EU pesticides database click here
Drinking Water MAC (µg l-1)		0.1	EU Dir 89/778/EC limit; A5	-

Health issues:

Carcinogen	Mutagen	Endocrine disrupter	Reproduction / development effects	Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor	Neurotoxicant	Respiratory tract irritant	Skin irritant	Eye irritant
		-	-
General human health issues		[No further information available]

: Yes, known to cause a problem
: No, known not to cause a problem
: Possibly, status not identified
- : No data

Handling issues:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
General		[Prevent generation of dust], [Not explosive], [IMDG Transport Code is usually 9]
EC Risk Classification		[Carcinogen category 3: R40], [Xn - Harmful: R20], [Xi - Irritant: R36, R43], [N - Dangerous for the environment: R50]
EC Safety Classification		S2, S36/37, S46, S61
WHO Classification		U	-	Unlikely to present an acute hazard
US EPA Classification (formulation)		IV	-	Caution - Not acutely toxic
UN Number		Usually 3077
Waste disposal & packaging		[Usually Packaging Group III (minor danger)]

TRANSLATIONS