| pencycuron (Ref: NTN 19701) |
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SUMMARY
Pencycuron is a phenylurea fungicide approved for use in the EU. It is virtually insoluble in water but will dissolve in most common organic solvents. It is volatile and not expected to leach to groundwater. It is moderately persistent in soils and slightly more so in water systems. It is not highly toxic to mammals but is moderately toxic to birds, most aquatic organisms, honeybees and earthworms. GENERAL INFORMATION 
for pencycuron
Description: A fungicide used to control diseases caused by Rhizoctonia solani and Pellicularia spp.
Example pests controlled: Black scurf; Sheath blight; Rot; Damping-off
Example applications: Potatoes; Sugarbeet; Rice; Cotton; Ornamentals; Rice
Efficacy & activity: -
Availability status: Current
Introduction & key dates: 1984
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):
| Status | Approved |
| Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur | Latvia/Poland |
| Date inclusion expires | 31/05/2021 |
| EU Candidate for substitution (CfS) | No |
| Listed in EU database | Yes |
Approved for use (
) or known to be used (
) in the following European countries: 
AT |
BE |
BG |
CY |
CZ |
DE |
DK |
EE |
EL |
ES |
FI |
FR |
HR |
HU |
IE |
IT |
LT |
LU |
LV |
MT |
NL |
PL |
PT |
RO |
SE |
SI |
SK |
UK |
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Also used in: Australia
Chemical structure:
| Isomerism | - |
| Chemical formula | C19H21ClN2O |
| Canonical SMILES | C1CCC(C1)N(CC2=CC=C(C=C2)Cl)C(=O)NC3=CC=CC=C3 |
| Isomeric SMILES | No data |
| International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey) | OGYFATSSENRIKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| International Chemical Identifier (InChI) | InChI=1S/C19H21ClN2O/c20-16-12-10-15(11-13-16)14-22(18-8-4-5-9-18)19(23)21-17-6-2-1-3-7-17/h1-3,6-7,10-13,18H,4-5,8-9,14H2,(H,21,23) |
| 2D structure diagram/image available? | Yes |
General status:
| Pesticide type | Fungicide | |
| Substance group | Phenylurea | |
| Minimum active substance purity | 980 g/kg | |
| Known relevant impurities | EU dossier - None declared | |
| Substance origin | Synthetic | |
| Mode of action | Non-systemic with protective action. Inhibition of mitosis and cell division. | |
| CAS RN | 66063-05-6 | |
| EC number | 266-096-3 | |
| CIPAC number | 402 | |
| US EPA chemical code | 128823 | |
| PubChem CID | 91692 | |
| Molecular mass (g mol-1) | 328.84 | |
| PIN (Preferred Identification Name) | - | |
| IUPAC name | 1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1-cyclopentyl-3-phenylurea | |
| CAS name | N-((4-chlorophenyl)methyl)-N-cyclopentyl-N'-phenylurea | |
| Other status information | - | |
| Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards | - | |
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC) | Not applicable | |
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA) | Not applicable | |
| Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC) | Not applicable | |
| Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC) | 20 | |
| Examples of recorded resistance | - | |
| Physical state | Colourless crystals | |
| Related substances & organisms | ||
Formulations:
| Property |
Value | |||
| Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically |
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| Example products using this active |
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| UK LERAP status | None | |||
| Formulation and application details | Often supplied as a dry powder for seed treatment or as water-dispersible powders. | |||
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
for pencycuron
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1) | 0.3 | A5 | Low | |
| Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1) | 230 | A5 - n-Heptane | - | |
| 11500 | A5 - Xylene | - | ||
| 89400 | A5 - Acetone | - | ||
| 43800 | A5 - Ethyl acetate | - | ||
| Melting point (oC) | 132 | A5 | - | |
| Boiling point (oC) | 286 | A5 | - | |
| Degradation point (oC) | 140 | A3 - decomposition begins | - | |
| Flashpoint (oC) | Not expected to self ignite; Not highly flammable | A5 | - | |
| Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC | P | 4.79 X 1004 | Calculated | - |
| Log P | 4.68 | A5 | High | |
| Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity | 1.22 | A5 | - | |
| Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC | Not applicable | A5 | - | |
| Note: No dissociation | ||||
| Vapour pressure at 20oC (mPa) | 4.1 X 10-04 | A5 | Low volatility | |
| Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1) | 5.10 X 10-04 | A5 | Non-volatile | |
GUS leaching potential index  |
0.59 | Calculated | Low leachability | |
| SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate |
Value | 1.16 X 10-02 | Calculated | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Potential for particle bound transport index |
- | Calculated | High | |
| Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1 | Maxima at 240nm = 19720, 291nm = 10 | A5 | - | |
| Surface tension (mN m-1) | 72.1 | A5 at 20oC | - | |
Degradation:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
General biodegradability | - |
| Soil degradation (days) (aerobic) | DT50 (typical) | 82.4 | A5 | Moderately persistent |
| DT50 (lab at 20oC) | 82.4 | A5 | Moderately persistent | |
| DT50 (field) | 37.7 | A5 | Moderately persistent | |
| DT90 (lab at 20oC) | 245 | A5 | - | |
| DT90 (field) | 140 | A5 | - | |
| DT50 modelling endpoint | - | - | - | |
| Note | EU dossier lab studies DT50 range 43.7-175 days, DT90 range 159-625 days; field studies DT50 range 31.7-43.7 days, DT90 range 108.1-171.5 days | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on plant matrix | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on and in plant matrix | Value | 2.2 | R3 | - |
| Note | Rice straw, n=1 | |||
| Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7 | Value | Stable | A5 | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7 | Value | 156 | A5 | Persistent |
| Note | pH and temperature sensitive: DT50 4.7 days at pH 5, 14.2 days at pH 7, 15 days at pH 9, all at 50 deg C; extrapolated to 156 days for pH 7 at 25 degC | |||
| Water-sediment DT50 (days) | 113.5 | A5 | Slow | |
| Water phase only DT50 (days) | 5.3 | A5 | Moderately fast | |
Soil adsorption and mobility:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Linear | Kd | - | - | - |
| Koc | - | |||
| Notes and range | - | |||
| Freundlich | Kf | 46.0 | A5 | Non-mobile |
| Kfoc | 4906 | |||
| 1/n | 1.11 | |||
| Notes and range | EU dossier Kf range 28.4-56.7 mL/g, Kfoc range 2414-10441 mL/g, 1/n range 0.906-1.206, Soils=4 | |||
| pH sensitivity | No | |||
Key metabolites:
| Metabolite | Formation medium | Estimated maximum occurrence fraction | 1107/2009 relevancy |
|
| N-((4-chlorophenyl)-methyl)-N-cyclopentylamide |
Soil | 0.184 | Major fraction, Relevant | |
| 1-cyclopentyl-3-phenylurea | Soil | 0.066 | Minor fraction, Not relevant | |
Other known metabolites:
| Metabolite name and reference | Aliases | Formation medium / Rate | Estimated maximum occurrence fraction | Metabolising enzymes |
| 4-chloro-hippuric acid | - | Rat (Urinary) | - | - |
| N-(4-chlorobenzyl)-N-cyclopentylamine (Ref: THS 3995) |
PB-amine; pencycuron metabolite M16 | Soil; Rat (Faeces, Bile, Liver); Plant; Water/sediment | - | - |
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Bio-concentration factor | BCF (l kg-1) | 226 | A5 | Threshold for concern |
| CT50 (days) | 90% in 3days | - | ||
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 5000 | A5 Rat | Low | |
| Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL | (mg kg-1) | - | L2 Rat, 2 year | - |
| (ppm diet) | > 50 | - | ||
| Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 2000 | A5 Colinus virginianus | Low | |
| Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50) | > 1750 mg kg bw-1 day-1 | A5 Colinus virginianus | - | |
| Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | > 0.3 | A5 Oncorhynchus mykiss | Moderate | |
| Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | >= 0.3 | A5 Oncorhynchus mykiss | Moderate | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1) | > 0.3 | A5 Daphnia magna | Moderate | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | 0.05 | A5 Daphnia magna | Moderate | |
| Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1) | 0.3 | A5 Chironomus riparius, emergence | Moderate | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Non-target plants | - | - | - | |
| - | - | - | ||
| Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1) | > 0.3 | A5 Scenedemus subspicatus | Moderate | |
| Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1) | 0.1 | Q2 Unknown species | Moderate | |
| Honeybees | Contact acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | > 100 | A5 | Low |
| Oral acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | > 98.5 | A5 | Moderate | |
| Unknown mode acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1) | > 1000 | A5 Eisenia foetida | Low | |
| Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1) | 3.3 | A5 Eisenia foetida, 56 days | Moderate | |
| Other soil macro-organisms - e.g. Collembola | LR50 / EC50 / NOEC / % Effect | 60.0 | A5 Folsomia candida, 28 day NOEC mg kg-1 | - |
| Other arthropod (1) | LR50 g ha-1 | 6200 | > A5 Typhlodromus pyri |
- |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Other arthropod (2) | LR50 g ha-1 | 685 | A5 Aphidius rhopalosiphi | - |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Soil micro-organisms | Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect |
A5 Dose: 3.44 kg ha-1 |
- | |
| Mesocosm study data | NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - |
| NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - | |
HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
for pencycuron
General:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class) |
High (class III) | - | - | |
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 5000 | A5 Rat | Low | |
| Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight) | > 2000 | A5 Rat | - | |
| Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1) | > 5.13 | A5 Rat, 4 hr | - | |
| Other Mammal toxicity endpoints | - | - | ||
| ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1) | 0.2 | A4 Rat, SF=100 | - | |
| ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1) | None allocated | A5 | - | |
| AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg-1 bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1) | 0.15 | A4 Rat, SF=100 | - | |
| Dermal penetration studies (%) | 0.2-12.5 | A5 concentration dependent | - | |
| Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464 | - | - | - | |
| Exposure Limits | - | - | - | |
| Exposure Routes | Public | - | ||
| Occupational | - | |||
| European MRLs | Click here for the EU MRL pesticide database | |||
| Drinking Water Standards | - | - | - | |
| Drinking Water MAC (μg l-1) | - | - | - | |
Health issues:
| Carcinogen | Mutagen | Endocrine disrupter | Reproduction / development effects | Cholinesterase inhibitor | Neurotoxicant | |||
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| Respiratory tract irritant | Skin irritant | Skin sensitiser | Eye irritant | Phototoxicant | ||||
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| General human health issues | No further information available | |||||||
: Yes, known to cause a problem
: No, known not to cause a problem
: Possibly, status not identified
- : No data found
Handling issues:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| General |
Not explosive or oxidising | |||
| CLP classification 2013 | Environment: H410 | |||
| EC Risk Classification |
None allocated at this time | |||
| EC Safety Classification |
S21 | |||
| WHO Classification | U | - | Unlikely to present an acute hazard | |
| US EPA Classification (formulation) | IV | - | Caution - Not acutely toxic | |
| UN Number | - | |||
| Waste disposal & packaging |
- | |||
| Language | Name |
| English | pencycuron |
| French | pencycuron |
| German | Pencycuron |
| Danish | pencycuron |
| Italian | pencicuron |
| Spanish | pencicuron |
| Greek | - |
| Slovenian | pencikuron |
| Polish | pencykuron |
| Swedish | pencykuron |
| Hungarian | pencycuron |
| Dutch | pencycuron |
Record last updated: Friday 14 September 2018
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk
© University of Hertfordshire