Etridiazole (Ref: Olin 2424)

Etridiazole (Ref: Olin 2424)	Last updated: 19/01/2021
(Also known as: echlomezol; ethazol; athazole; terrazole; OM 2424)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

A fungicide for soil or compost incorporation to control mainly Phytophthora and Pythium spp.

Example pests controlled

Phytophthora, Pythium spp.; Damping off; Powdery mildew

Example applications

Field crops; Vegetables; Ornamentals; Lawns; Tomato and other vegetable seedlings

Efficacy & activity

Availability status

Current

Introduction & key dates

circa 1972

UK regulatory status

UK COPR regulatory status

Not approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

31/05/2024

UK LERAP status

No UK approval for use

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Netherlands/Spain

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

31/05/2021

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece
								✓
ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg
✓						✓
LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia
		✓

Also used in

Australia, USA

Chemical structure

Isomerism

Chemical formula

C₅H₅Cl₃N₂OS

Canonical SMILES

CCOC1=NC(=NS1)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl

Isomeric SMILES

No data

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

KQTVWCSONPJJPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C5H5Cl3N2OS/c1-2-11-4-9-3(10-12-4)5(6,7)8/h2H2,1H3

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

General status

Pesticide type

Fungicide

Substance group

Aromatic hydrocarbon

Minimum active substance purity

970 g kg⁻¹

Known relevant impurities

EU dossier - none declared

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Contact with protective and curative action. Lipid peroxidation inhibitor.

CAS RN

2593-15-9

EC number

219-991-8

CIPAC number

518

US EPA chemical code

084701

PubChem CID

17432

Molecular mass

247.53

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

5-ethoxy-3-(trichloromethyl)-1,2,4-thiadiazole

IUPAC name

ethyl 3-trichloromethyl-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl ether

CAS name

5-ethoxy-3-(trichloromethyl)-1,2,4-thiadiazole

Other status information

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)

Not applicable

Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA)

Not applicable

Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)

Not applicable

Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)

Examples of recorded resistance

Physical state

Clear colourless to reddish brown semi-solid

Related substances & organisms

thiophanate-methyl

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

Terraguard
Aaterra
Pansoil
Truban
Dwell

Example products using this active

AgriGuard
Standon
Scotts
Ollin
Mallinckrodt

Formulation and application details

Often supplied as a wettable powder, emulsifiable concentrate or dust

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

88.9

Moderate

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

Miscible

Xylene

Miscible

Ethanol

Miscible

Methanol

Miscible

Hexane

Melting point (°C)

Boiling point (°C)

113

Degradation point (°C)

Flashpoint (°C)

111

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

2.34 X 10⁰³

Calculated

Log P

3.37

High

Bulk density (g ml⁻¹)

1.497

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

2.77

Very weak base

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

1430

Highly volatile

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

3.02

Moderately volatile

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

Maxima 220nm = 5444

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

71.9

at 22°C

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

8.98

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

72.5

Moderately persistent

DT₉₀ (field)

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

EU dossier lab studies range 2.22 (loam) - 45.5 (sandy loam) days, DT₉₀ range 7.4-194 days

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on plant matrix

Value

Note

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on and in plant matrix

Value

Note

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

0.04

Fast

Note

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

Moderately persistent

Note

Slightly sensitive to pH: DT₅₀ 92 days at pH 5, 88 days at pH 9 all at 25 °C

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

1.85

Fast

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

1.31

Moderately fast

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d

Slightly mobile

K_oc

1000

Notes and range

Freundlich

K_f

7.17

Moderately mobile

K_foc

289

¹/_n

0.873

Notes and range

EU dossier K_f range 5.06-8.24 mL g⁻¹, K_foc range 195-349 mL g⁻¹, ¹/_n range 0.84-0.92, Soils=3

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

1.47

Calculated

Low leachability

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

1.86 X 10^-02

Calculated

Note

Potential for particle bound transport index

Low

Calculated

Potential for loss via drain flow

Slightly mobile

Calculated

Key metabolites

Metabolite

Formation medium

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

1107/2009 relevancy

dichloroetridiazole

Soil

0.133

Major fraction, Relevant

etridiazole acid

Soil

0.067

Minor fraction, Relevant

Other known metabolites

Metabolite name and reference

Aliases

Formation medium / Rate

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Metabolising enzymes

5-hydroxymethyl etridiazole

Rat

5-hydroxyethoxy etridiazole acid

Rat

N-carbethoxy oxamic acid

Rat (Urinary)

ethyl (aminocarbamyl) carbamate

Rat (Urinary)

oxalic acid

Rat (Urinary)

etridiazole carboxylic acid

Rat (Urinary)

3-hydroxymethyl etridiazole

Rat

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

165

Threshold for concern

CT₅₀ (days)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 945

Rat

Moderate

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

2.7

Rat

High

(ppm diet)

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

560

Colinus virginianus

Moderate

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

286 mg kg bw⁻¹ day⁻¹

Anas platyrhynchos

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

2.4

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Moderate

Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.12

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Moderate

Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

3.1

Daphnia magna

Moderate

Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.37

Daphnia magna

Moderate

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

2.5

Americamysis bahia

Moderate

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

7.3

Lemna gibba

Moderate

Non-target plants

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

0.3

Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata

Moderate

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

0.32

Unknown species

Moderate

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other pollinators (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other pollinators (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

Other soil macro-organisms

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Other arthropod (1)

LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

% Effect

Mortality [Dose: 14.4 kg ha⁻¹]
Aphidius rhopalosiphi adult

Other arthropod (2)

LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

% Effect

Mortality [Dose: 14.4 kg ha⁻¹]
Typhlodromus pyri protonymph

Soil micro-organisms

Nitrogen mineralisation: Chronic effect
Carbon mineralisation: Chronic effect

Dose: Not stated

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 945

Rat

Moderate

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

5000

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 5.7

Rat (nose only)

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.015

Rat SF=100

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.15

Rabbit SF=100

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.03

Dog SF=100

Dermal penetration studies (%)

18-30

concentration dependent

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

Exposure Routes

Public

Bystanders should be prohibited from entering glasshouses post-application

Occupational

PPE/PPC required to minimise exposure

MRLs

European

EU MRL pesticide database

Notes

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

0.1

EU Dir 89/778/EC limit; Calc MAC=15.0 µg l⁻¹

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

No data found

General human health issues

Possible liver toxicant

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

Not explosive or oxidising
IMDG Transport Code is usually 6.1

CLP classification 2013

Health: H302, H317, H351
Environment: H400, H410

EC Risk Classification

Carcinogen category 3: R40
T - Toxic: R23, Xn - Harmful: R21, R22
N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53

EC Safety Classification

S1/2, S36/37, S38, S45, S60, S61

WHO Classification

III (Slightly hazardous)

UN Number

Usually 2810

Waste disposal & packaging

Packaging Group II (medium danger)

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

etridiazole

French

etridiazole

German

Etridiazol

Danish

etridiazole

Italian

etridiazolo

Spanish

etridiazol

Greek

Polish

etridiazol

Swedish

Hungarian

Dutch

etridiazool

Record last updated:	19/01/2021
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242