Fonofos (Ref: N-2790) |
![]() Last updated: 27/11/2019 |
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(Also known as: fonophos; dyfonate; difonate) |
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An obsolete soil acting insecticide once used on various crops but predominately corn to control various sucking pests | |
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Aphids, Corn rootworm; Wireworm; Cutworms; White grubs; Corn maggots; Symphylans | |
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Vegetables including asparagus, beans, onions, peppers, sweet potatoes; Ornamentals; Corn; Turf and lawns | |
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- | |
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Obsolete | |
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1965, first reported |
UK regulatory status |
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Not approved | ||
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Expired | ||
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No UK approval for use |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Expired | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Also used in |
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USA |
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Chemical structure |
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A chiral molecule existing in the R- and S-forms. The R-isomer is more biologically active than the S-isomer. | |
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C₁₀H₁₅OPS₂ | |
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CCOP(=S)(CC)SC1=CC=CC=C1 | |
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No data | |
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KVGLBTYUCJYMND-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C10H15OPS2/c1-3-11-12(13,4-2)14-10-8-6-5-7-9-10/h5-9H,3-4H2,1-2H3 | |
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Yes |
General status |
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Insecticide | |
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Organophosphate | |
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>99.5% | |
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- | |
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Synthetic | |
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Cholinesterase inhibitor. Non-systemic with contact and stomach action. | |
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944-22-9 | |
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66767-39-3; 62705-71-9; 62680-03-9 | |
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213-408-0 | |
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306 | |
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041701 | |
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13676 | |
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246.3 | |
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- | |
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(RS)-O-ethyl S-phenyl ethylphosphonodithioate | |
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O-ethyl S-phenyl ethylphosphonodithioate | |
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Potential groundwater contaminant; Severe Marine Pollutant | |
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- | |
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Not applicable | |
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Not applicable | |
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Not known | |
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Not applicable | |
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Delia antiqua, Diabrotica undecimpunctata, Sedes nigromaculis, Diabrotica virgifera | |
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Clear colourless to yellow coloured liquid |
Formulations |
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Available in a wide variety of different formulations including granules, suspension concentrates and seed treatments |
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13 | K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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Miscible | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Acetone3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Miscible | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Ethanol3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Miscible | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Xylene3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Miscible | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Kerosene3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Not applicable | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous internet resources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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130 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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7.94 X 1003 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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3.9 | G4 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET (click here ) 4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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1.17 | Q2 Q = Miscellaneous internet resources 2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
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27 | K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data |
Highly volatile | ||||||||
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6.56 X 10-01 | H4 H = The US ARS pesticide properties database (click here ) 4 = Verified data |
Moderately volatile | ||||||||
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Degradation |
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- | ||||||||||
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99 | K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data |
Moderately persistent | |||||||
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99 | K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data |
Moderately persistent | ||||||||
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40 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderately persistent | ||||||||
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General literature DT₅₀ range 48-150 days (R2) | ||||||||||
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38 | K3 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderately persistent | |||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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- | G3 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET (click here ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Slightly mobile | |||||||
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870 | ||||||||||
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Fate indices |
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1.70 | Calculated | Low leachability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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5.08 X 10-02 | Calculated | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Medium | Calculated | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Slightly mobile | Calculated | - |
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300 | Q2 Q = Miscellaneous internet resources Estimated2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
Threshold for concern | |||||||
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Not available | - | |||||||||
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6.8 | G4 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET (click here ) Rat4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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128 | G4 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET (click here ) Anas platyrhynchos4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.028 | G4 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET (click here ) Lepomis macrochirus4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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> 0.0023 | P3 P = Other governments and regulators Lepomis macrochirus 30 day3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
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0.0023 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Daphnia magna3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
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> 0.0003 | P3 P = Other governments and regulators Daphnia magna3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
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0.00041 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Americamysis bahia3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
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0.039 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Chironomus riparius 2 day3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
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1.5 | K2 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra Unknown species2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.5 | Q2 Q = Miscellaneous internet resources Unknown species2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 3.3 | K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data |
Moderate | |||||||
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0.0087 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
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218 | K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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6.8 | G4 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET (click here ) Rat4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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147 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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0.002 | G3 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET (click here ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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List I; List II | - | - | ||||||||
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May be absorbed through the skin | ||||||||||
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Health issues |
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Highly toxic Ingestion may cause nausea, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea |
Handling issues |
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No information available | |||
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Health: H300, H310 Environment: H400, H410 |
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T+ - Very toxic: R27/28 N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53 |
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S1/2, S26, S36/37, S45, S60, S61 | |||
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Ia (Extremely hazardous) | |||
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fonofos | ||
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fonofos | ||
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Fonofos | ||
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fonofos | ||
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fonofos | ||
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fonofos | ||
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fonofos | ||
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fonofos | ||
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fonofos | ||
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fonofos | ||
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fonofos |
Record last updated: | 27/11/2019 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |