Fosthiazate (Ref: IKI 1145)

Fosthiazate (Ref: IKI 1145)	Last updated: 12/01/2021
(Not known by any other names)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

A soil applied nematicide and insecticide used to control nematodes and sucking / chewing ground insects

Example pests controlled

Potato Cyst Nematode (Globodera rostochiensis, Globodera pallida), Wireworms

Example applications

Potatoes; Tomatoes; Vegetables

Efficacy & activity

Availability status

Current

Introduction & key dates

1992, launched Japan; 2004, first registered USA

UK regulatory status

UK COPR regulatory status

Approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

31/10/2024

UK LERAP status

None

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Germany/Greece

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

31/10/2021

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece
	✓	✓	✓		✓			✓
ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg
✓		✓	✓	✓	✓	✓
LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia
	✓	✓	✓		✓

Also used in

Chemical structure

Isomerism

A molecule with 2 chiral centres giving four stereoisomers

Chemical formula

C₉H₁₈NO₃PS₂

Canonical SMILES

CCC(C)SP(=O)(N1CCSC1=O)OCC

Isomeric SMILES

No data

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

DUFVKSUJRWYZQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C9H18NO3PS2/c1-4-8(3)16-14(12,13-5-2)10-6-7-15-9(10)11/h8H,4-7H2,1-3H3

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

General status

Pesticide type

Insecticide, Nematicide

Substance group

Organophosphate

Minimum active substance purity

930 g kg⁻¹

Known relevant impurities

EU dossier - None declared

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Systemic. Cholinesterase inhibitor.

CAS RN

98886-44-3

EC number

CIPAC number

585

US EPA chemical code

129022

PubChem CID

91758

Molecular mass

283.35

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

IUPAC name

(RS)-[S-(RS)-sec-butyl O-ethyl 2-oxo-1,3-thiazolidin-3-ylphosphonothioate]

CAS name

O-ethyl S-(1-methylpropyl) (2-oxo-3-thiazolidinyl)phosphonothioate

Other status information

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)

Not applicable

Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA)

Not applicable

Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)

Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)

Not applicable

Examples of recorded resistance

None identified

Physical state

Pale yellow liquid

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

Nemathorin
Premier, Prime

Example products using this active

Syngenta

Formulation and application details

Often supplied as fine granules applied directly to the soil

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

9000

High

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

15100

Hexane

Miscible

Acetone

Miscible

Methanol

Miscible

Ethyl acetate

Melting point (°C)

Not applicable

Boiling point (°C)

198

Degradation point (°C)

Flashpoint (°C)

Not expected to self ignite; Not highly flammable

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

4.79 X 10⁰¹

Calculated

Log P

1.68

Low

Bulk density (g ml⁻¹)

1.23

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

Not applicable

No dissociation

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

0.56

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

1.76 X 10^-05

Non-volatile

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

Maxima circa 290 nm, 220nm = 5900

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

Moderately persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

Non-persistent

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

DT₉₀ (field)

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

Field studies DT₅₀ range 9-17 days (USA), DT₉₀ 30-60 days

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on plant matrix

Value

Note

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on and in plant matrix

Value

1.7

Note

Tomato fruit, n=1

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

Stable

Note

Not a significant degradation route

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

104

Persistent

Note

pH sensitive: DT₅₀ 177 days at pH 5, 3.2 days at pH 9, all at 25 °C

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

Moderately fast

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

Stable

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d

1.97

Moderately mobile

K_oc

239

Notes and range

Literature data: K_d range 1.48-2.77 mL g⁻¹; K_oc range 162.0-286.7 mL g⁻¹, Soils=9

Freundlich

K_f

1.22

Mobile

K_foc

¹/_n

0.89

Notes and range

EU dossier K_foc range 25-97 mL g⁻¹; Literature data: K_f range 0.10-2.75 mL g⁻¹; K_foc range 16.9-286 mL g⁻¹, ¹/_n range 0.763-1.111, Soils=12 (R4)

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

2.48

Calculated

Transition state

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

8.28 X 10^-02

Calculated

Note

Potential for particle bound transport index

Low

Calculated

Potential for loss via drain flow

Moderately mobile

Calculated

Key metabolites

Metabolite

Formation medium

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

1107/2009 relevancy

2-butanesulfonic acid

Soil

0.279

Major fraction, Not relevant

Other known metabolites

Metabolite name and reference

Aliases

Formation medium / Rate

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Metabolising enzymes

RS)-s-sec-butyl-2-oxo-1,3-thiazolidin-3-ylphosphonothioate

DETO

Water (Hydrolysis)

(RS)-s-sec-butyl-o-ethylphosphorothioate

DTTO

Water (Hydrolysis)

Ref: SDS-67131
Note: LC50(Worms) 14day: >1000 mg/kg

BESoP

Soil

MBSo

o-ethyl-2-oxo-1,3-thiazolidin-3-ylphosphonate

DBTO

Water (Hydrolysis)

1,3-thiazolidin-2-one

TZO

Water (Hydrolysis)

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

3.2

Whole fish

Low potential

CT₅₀ (days)

Not available

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Rat

High

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

0.5

Dog

High

(ppm diet)

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

0.7

Unknown species Reproductive NOAEL

High

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Colinus virginianus

High

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

139 ppm

Colinus virginianus

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

114

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Low

Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

7.8

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Moderate

Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.282

Daphnia magna

Moderate

Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.06

Daphnia magna

Moderate

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

0.1

Chironomus riparius

Moderate

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

Non-target plants

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

> 4.51

Anabaena flos-aquae

Moderate

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

0.256

Apis mellifera

High

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

0.61

Apis mellifera

High

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other pollinators (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other pollinators (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

209

Eisenia foetida

Moderate

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

100

Eisenia foetida

Moderate

Other soil macro-organisms

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Other arthropod (1)

LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

% Effect

3.4

Mortality [Dose: 4 kg ha⁻¹]
Poecilus cupreus

Other arthropod (2)

LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

% Effect

Soil micro-organisms

Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect
Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect

Dose: 53 mg kg⁻¹ soil 60 days

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Rat

High

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

853

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.56

Rat

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.004

Rat SF=100

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.005

Dog SF=100

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.005

Dog 90 day SF=100

Dermal penetration studies (%)

10.0

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

List I; List II

Exposure Routes

Public

Minimal risk of dietary exposure
Negligible risk to bystanders

Occupational

No unacceptable risks for operators or other workers identified

European MRLs

EU MRL pesticide database

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

No data found

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

No data found

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

No data found

General human health issues

No further information available

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

Not explosive or oxidising
IMDG Transport Code is usually 9

CLP classification 2013

Health: H301, H312, H317, H331
Environment: H400, H410

EC Risk Classification

T - Toxic: R23/25, R39
Xn - Harmful: R21, R41, R43
N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53

EC Safety Classification

S1/2, S25, S26, S39, S45, S53, S60, S61

WHO Classification

NL (Not listed)

UN Number

3018

Waste disposal & packaging

Packaging Group III (minor danger)

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

fosthiazate

French

fosthiazate

German

Fosthiazat

Danish

fosthiazat

Italian

fostiazate

Spanish

fostiazato

Greek

Polish

fostiazat

Swedish

Hungarian

fosztiazat

Dutch

fosthiazaat

Record last updated:	12/01/2021
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242