| isoxaflutole (Ref: RPA 201772) |
 |
Environmental Fate - Ecotoxicology - Human Health - A to Z Index - Home
GENERAL INFORMATION 
for isoxaflutole
Description: A broad-spectrum pre-emergence soil herbicide for the control of weeds in maize and sugarcane
Example pests controlled: Broad-leaved-weeds; Annual grasses
Example applications: Maize; Sugar cane
Efficacy & activity: -
Availability status: Current
Introduction & key dates: 1998, USA
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):
| Status | Approved |
| Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur | Italy/Slovenia |
| Date inclusion expires | 31/07/2019 |
| EU Candidate for substitution (CfS) | No |
| Listed in EU database | Yes |
Approved for use (
) or known to be used (
) in the following European countries: 
AT |
BE |
BG |
CY |
CZ |
DE |
DK |
EE |
EL |
ES |
FI |
FR |
HR |
HU |
IE |
IT |
LT |
LU |
LV |
MT |
NL |
PL |
PT |
RO |
SE |
SI |
SK |
UK |
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Also used in: Australia; USA
Chemical structure:
| Isomerism | - |
| Chemical formula | C15H12F3NO4S |
| Canonical SMILES | CS(=O)(=O)C1=C(C=CC(=C1)C(F)(F)F)C(=O)C2=C(ON=C2)C3CC3 |
| Isomeric SMILES | No data |
| International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey) | OYIKARCXOQLFHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| International Chemical Identifier (InChI) | InChI=1S/C15H12F3NO4S/c1-24(21,22)12-6-9(15(16,17)18)4-5-10(12)13(20)11-7-19-23-14(11)8-2-3-8/h4-8H,2-3H2,1H3 |
| 2D structure diagram/image available? | Yes |
General status:
| Pesticide type | Herbicide | |
| Substance group | Oxyacetamide | |
| Minimum active substance purity | 950 g/kg | |
| Known relevant impurities | EU dossier - None declared | |
| Substance origin | Synthetic | |
| Mode of action | Systemic absorbed by roots and leaves. Bleaching: inhibition of 4-hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate-dioxygenase. | |
| CAS RN | 141112-29-0 | |
| EC number | - | |
| CIPAC number | 575 | |
| US EPA chemical code | 123000 | |
| PubChem CID | 84098 | |
| Molecular mass (g mol-1) | 359.32 | |
| PIN (Preferred Identification Name) | - | |
| IUPAC name | (5-cyclopropyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl)(α,α,α-trifluoro-2-mesyl-p-tolyl)methanone | |
| CAS name | (5-cyclopropyl-4-isoxazolyl)[2-(methylsulfonyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methanone | |
| Other status information | Phytotoxic | |
| Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards | - | |
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC) | F2 | |
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA) | 27 | |
| Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC) | Not applicable | |
| Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC) | Not applicable | |
| Examples of recorded resistance | - | |
| Physical state | Off-white solid | |
| Related substances & organisms | ||
Formulations:
| Property |
Value | |||
| Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically |
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| Example products using this active |
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| UK LERAP status | Buffer probably required in UK - see product label | |||
| Formulation and application details | Usually supplied as water dispersible granules. | |||
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
for isoxaflutole
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1) | 6.2 | A5 | Low | |
| Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1) | 293000 | A5 - Acetone | - | |
| 142000 | A5 - Ethyl acetate | - | ||
| 31200 | A5 - Toluene | - | ||
| 13800 | A5 - Methanol | - | ||
| Melting point (oC) | 140 | A4 | - | |
| Boiling point (oC) | Decomposes before boiling | A5 | - | |
| Degradation point (oC) | 205 | A5 | - | |
| Flashpoint (oC) | Not expected to self ignite; Not highly flammable | A5 | - | |
| Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC | P | 2.19 X 1002 | Calculated | - |
| Log P | 2.34 | A5 | Low | |
| Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity | 1.59 | A5 | - | |
| Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC | Not applicable | A5 | - | |
| Note: No dissociation | ||||
| Vapour pressure at 20oC (mPa) | 3.22 X 10-05 | A5 | Low volatility | |
| Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1) | 1.87 X 10-05 | A5 | Non-volatile | |
GUS leaching potential index  |
-0.10 | Calculated | Low leachability | |
| SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate |
Value | 5.50 X 10-04 | Calculated | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Potential for particle bound transport index |
- | Calculated | Low | |
| Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1 | Neutral solution: 204nm = 22668, 269.4nm = 11764, No absorption <290nm Acid solution: 205.4nm = 22393, 269.2nm= 11788 Basic solution: 218.4nm = 18262, 292nm = 12861 |
A5 | - | |
| Surface tension (mN m-1) | - | - | - | |
Degradation:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
General biodegradability | - |
| Soil degradation (days) (aerobic) | DT50 (typical) | 0.9 |
A5 | Non-persistent |
| DT50 (lab at 20oC) | 0.9 | A5 | Non-persistent | |
| DT50 (field) | 1.3 | A5 | Non-persistent | |
| DT90 (lab at 20oC) | 30.1 | A5 | - | |
| DT90 (field) | - | - | - | |
| DT50 modelling endpoint | - | - | - | |
| Note | EU dossier (2016) lab studies DT50 range 0.2-5.9 days, DT90 range 0.94-35.8 days, Soil =5; Field study DT50 range 0.5-2.4 days | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on plant matrix | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on and in plant matrix | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7 | Value | 1.7 | A5 | Moderately fast |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7 | Value | 0.8 | A5 | Non-persistent |
| Note | pH sensitive: DT50 11 days pH 4 and pH 5, 3.2 hours at pH 9, all at 25 degC | |||
| Water-sediment DT50 (days) | 0.36 | A5 | Fast | |
| Water phase only DT50 (days) | 0.36 | A5 | Fast | |
Soil adsorption and mobility:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Linear | Kd | 2.8 | R4 | Moderately mobile |
| Koc | 145 | |||
| Notes and range | Literature data Kd range 1.24-3.77 mL/g, Koc range 124-160 mL/g, soils=4 | |||
| Freundlich | Kf | 2.73 | A5 | Moderately mobile |
| Kfoc | 79.8 | |||
| 1/n | 0.94 | |||
| Notes and range | EU dossier (2016)Kd range 0.24-8.15 mL/g, Kfoc range 48-109 mL/g, 1/n range 0.87-1.03, Soils=4; Other litertaure data Kf range 1.17-3.22 mL/g, Kfoc range 117-136 mL/g, Soils=4 (R4) | |||
| pH sensitivity | No | |||
Key metabolites:
| Metabolite | Formation medium | Estimated maximum occurrence fraction | 1107/2009 relevancy |
|
| (2RS)-3-cyclopropyl-2-(2-(methylsulfonyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl)-3-oxopropanenitrile (Ref: RPA 202248) |
Soil | 0.964 | Major fraction, Relevancy unknown | |
| 2-mesyl-4-trifloromethylbenzoic acid (Ref: RPA 203328) |
Soil | 0.900 | Major fraction, Relevancy unknown | |
Other known metabolites:
| Metabolite name and reference | Aliases | Formation medium / Rate | Estimated maximum occurrence fraction | Metabolising enzymes |
| (Ref: RPA 205834) Note: LC50(fish) = 35 mg l-1; LC50(Daphnia) = 100 mg l-1 |
- | Water; Sediment | - | - |
ECOTOXICOLOGY
for isoxaflutole
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Bio-concentration factor | BCF (l kg-1) | 11 | A5 | Low potential |
| CT50 (days) | Not available | - | ||
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 5000 | A5 Rat | Low | |
| Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL | (mg kg-1) | 2 | L2 Rat, 2 year | High |
| (ppm diet) | - | - | ||
| Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 2150 | A5 Anas platyrhynchos | Low | |
| Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50) | > 4150 mg kg feed-1 | A5 Anas platyrhynchos | - | |
| Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | > 1.7 | A5 Oncorhynchus mykiss | Moderate | |
| Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | 0.08 | A5 Oncorhynchus mykiss | Moderate | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1) | > 1.5 | A5 Daphnia magna | Moderate | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | 0.35 | A5 Daphnia magna | Moderate | |
| Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | 0.014 | F3 Americamysis bahia | High | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1) | 0.1 | A5 Chironomus riparius | Moderate | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1) | 0.016 | A5 Lemna gibba | Moderate | |
| Non-target plants | - | - | - | |
| - | - | - | ||
| Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1) | 0.12 | A4 Raphidocelis subcapitata, 120 hour | Moderate | |
| Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Honeybees | Contact acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | > 100 | A5 | Low |
| Oral acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | > 168.7 | A5 | Low | |
| Unknown mode acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1) | > 1000 | A5 | Low | |
| Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Other soil macro-organisms - e.g. Collembola | LR50 / EC50 / NOEC / % Effect | - | - | - |
| Other arthropod (1) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | 61 | Parasitism Dose: 0.15 kg ha-1 A5 Aphidius rhopalosiphi, adult |
- | |
| Other arthropod (2) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | 15 | Mortality and Fecundity Dose: 0.15 kg ha-1 A5 Typhlodromus pyri, protonymph |
- | |
| Soil micro-organisms | Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect |
A5 Dose: 1.0 mg kg-1 soil |
- | |
| Mesocosm study data | NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - |
| NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - | |
HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
for isoxaflutole
General:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class) |
High (class III) | - | - | |
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 5000 | A5 Rat | Low | |
| Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight) | > 2000 | A5 Rat | - | |
| Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1) | > 5.23 | A5 Rat, 4 hr (whole body) | - | |
| Other Mammal toxicity endpoints | - | - | ||
| ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1) | 0.02 | A5 Rat, SF=100 | - | |
| ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1) | 0.05 | A5 Rabbit, SF=100 | - | |
| AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg-1 bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1) | 0.012 | A5 Rat, SF=167 | - | |
| Dermal penetration studies (%) | 0.7-3 | A5 concentration dependent | - | |
| Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464 | List II | - | - | |
| Exposure Limits | - | - | - | |
| Exposure Routes | Public | No unacceptable risks to bystanders identified | ||
| Occupational | No unacceptabe risk to operators or other workers identified | |||
| European MRLs | Click here for the EU MRL pesticide database | |||
| Drinking Water Standards | - | - | - | |
| Drinking Water MAC (μg l-1) | - | - | - | |
Health issues:
| Carcinogen | Mutagen | Endocrine disrupter | Reproduction / development effects | Cholinesterase inhibitor | Neurotoxicant | |||
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| Respiratory tract irritant | Skin irritant | Skin sensitiser | Eye irritant | Phototoxicant | ||||
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| General human health issues | Possible liver toxicant May damage corneal opacity USEPA - probable human carcinogen |
|||||||
: Yes, known to cause a problem
: No, known not to cause a problem
: Possibly, status not identified
- : No data found
Handling issues:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| General |
Not explosive or oxidising IMDG Transport Code is usually 9 |
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| CLP classification 2013 | Health: H361d Environment: H400, H410 |
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| EC Risk Classification |
Reproduction risk category 3: R63 N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53 |
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| EC Safety Classification |
S2, S36/37, S60, S61 | |||
| WHO Classification | NL | - | Not listed | |
| US EPA Classification (formulation) | III | - | Caution - Slightly toxic | |
| UN Number | Usually 3077 | |||
| Waste disposal & packaging |
Packaging Group III (minor danger) | |||
| Language | Name |
| English | isoxaflutole |
| French | isoxaflutole |
| German | Isoxaflutol |
| Danish | isoxaflutol |
| Italian | isoxaflutolo |
| Spanish | isoxaflutol |
| Greek | isoxaflutole |
| Slovenian | izoksaflutol |
| Polish | izoksaflutol |
| Swedish | - |
| Hungarian | izoxaflutol |
| Dutch | isoxaflutole |
Record last updated: Thursday 23 August 2018
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk