| azamethiphos (Ref: GCA 18809) |
 |
Environmental Fate - Ecotoxicology - Human Health
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Further data may be found in the VSDB
SUMMARY
Azamethiphos is an organophosphate used as an insecticide and as an antiparasitic agent for veterinary use. It does not have EU approval for use. It is highly soluble in water, volatile and not expected to leach to groundwater. Not a great deal is known about its environmental persistence. It is modertaley toxic to mammals and not expected to bioaccumulate. It is a mutagen, neurotoxicant and an acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor. Azamethiphos is highly toxic to birds and aquatic invertebrates and moderately toxic to fish. GENERAL INFORMATION 
for azamethiphos
Description: A residual organophoshorus insecticide for fly control. Also has some applications in fish farming.
Example pests controlled: Houseflies; Beetles; Bugs; Spiders; Sea lice; Cockroaches; Tsetse flies
Example applications: Residences and other buildings
Availability status: Current
Introduction & key dates: 1970
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):
| Status | Not approved |
| Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur | Not applicable |
| Date inclusion expires | Expired |
Approved for use (
) or known to be used (
) in the following European countries: 
AT |
BE |
BG |
CY |
CZ |
DE |
DK |
EE |
EL |
ES |
FI |
FR |
HR |
HU |
IE |
IT |
LT |
LU |
LV |
MT |
NL |
PL |
PT |
RO |
SE |
SI |
SK |
UK |
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Also used in: Australia
General status:
| Pesticide type | Insecticide, Veterinary substance | |||
| Substance group | Organophosphate | |||
| Minimum active substance purity | >95% | |||
| Known relevant impurities | - | |||
| Substance origin | Synthetic | |||
| Mode of action | Contact and stomach action, rapid knockdown. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. | |||
| CAS RN | 35575-96-3 | |||
| EC number | 252-626-0 | |||
| CIPAC number | 8022 | |||
| US EPA chemical code | - | |||
| Chiral molecule | No | |||
| Chemical formula | C9H10ClN2O5PS | |||
| SMILES | O=P(OC)(OC)SCN1c2ncc(Cl)cc2OC1=O | |||
| International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey) | VNKBTWQZTQIWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |||
| International Chemical Identifier (InChI) | InChI=1S/C9H10ClN2O5PS/c1-15-18(14,16-2)19-5-12-8-7(17-9(12)13)3-6(10)4-11-8/h3-4H,5H2,1-2H3 | |||
| Structure diagram/image available? | Yes | |||
| Molecular mass (g mol-1) | 324.68 | |||
| PIN (Preferred Identification Name) | S-[(6-chloro-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3(2H)-yl)methyl] O,O-dimethyl phosphorothioate | |||
| IUPAC name | S-6-chloro-2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-ylmethyl O,O-dimethyl phosphorothioate | |||
| CAS name | S-[(6-chloro-2-oxooxazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3(2H)-yl)methyl] O,O-dimethyl phosphorothioate | |||
| Other status information | - | |||
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA) | Not applicable | |||
| Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC) | 1B | |||
| Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Examples of recorded resistance | Musca domestica | |||
| Physical state | Colourless to grey cystalline solid | |||
| Related substances & organisms | - | |||
Formulations:
| Property |
Value | |||
| Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically |
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| Example products using this active |
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| UK LERAP status | No UK approval for use or outside scope | |||
| Formulation and application details | Often supplied as a wettable powders, direct use bait formulations and as bath additives. | |||
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
for azamethiphos
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1) | 1100 | E3 | High | |
| Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1) | 610000 | L3 - Dichloromethane | - | |
| 130000 | L3 - Benzene | - | ||
| 100000 | L3 - Methanol | - | ||
| 5800 | L3 - n-Octanol | - | ||
| Melting point (oC) | 89 | L3 | - | |
| Boiling point (oC) | Decomposes before boiling | Q3 | - | |
| Degradation point (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Flashpoint (oC) | 150 | L3 | - | |
| Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC | P | 1.12 X 1001 | Calculated | - |
| Log P | 1.05 | L3 | Low | |
| Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity | 1.6 | L3 | - | |
| Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC | - | - | - | |
| Note: | ||||
| Vapour pressure at 25oC (mPa) | 0.0049 | E3 | Low volatility | |
| Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1) | 1.45 X 10-06 | L3 | Non-volatile | |
| Henry's law constant at 20oC (dimensionless) | 5.94 X 10-10 | Calculated | Non-volatile | |
GUS leaching potential index  |
-1.57 | Calculated | Low leachability | |
| SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate |
Value | 2.92 X 10-04 | Calculated | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Potential for particle bound transport index |
- | Calculated | Low | |
| Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1 | - | - | - | |
| Surface tension (mN m-1) | - | - | - | |
Degradation:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Soil degradation (days) (aerobic) | DT50 (typical) | 0.25 |
L3 | Non-persistent |
| DT50 (lab at 20oC) | - | - | - | |
| DT50 (field) | - | - | - | |
| DT90 (lab at 20oC) | - | - | - | |
| DT90 (field) | - | - | - | |
| Note | Best available data, Industry data DT50 in loamy sand circa 6 hours (E3) | |||
| Plant matrix DT50 (days) | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7 | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7 | Value | 11 | L3 | Non-persistent |
| Note | pH sensitive ranging from 33 days at pH 5 to 4.3 hrs at pH 9 | |||
| Water-sediment DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
| Water phase only DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
Soil adsorption and mobility:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Linear | Kd | - | S1 | Mobile |
| Koc | 25 | |||
| Notes and range | Estimated | |||
| Freundlich | Kf | - | - | - |
| Kfoc | - | |||
| 1/n | - | |||
| Notes and range | - | |||
| pH sensitivity | - | |||
ECOTOXICOLOGY
for azamethiphos
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Bio-concentration factor | BCF (l kg-1) | 1.56 | Q2 Estimated | Low potential |
| CT50 (days) | Not available | - | ||
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | 1180 | L3 Rat | Moderate | |
| Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL | (mg kg-1) | 2 | L3 Rat | High |
| (ppm diet) | 20 | - | ||
| Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 30.2 | L3 Colinus virginianus | High | |
| Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50) | - | - | - | |
| Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | > 0.115 | L3 Oncorhynchus mykiss | Moderate | |
| Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1) | 0.00067 | L3 Daphnia magna | High | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Non-target plants | - | - | - | |
| - | - | - | ||
| Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Honeybees | Contact acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | > 0.10 | L3 | High |
| Oral acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Unknown mode acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Other soil macro-organisms - e.g. Collembola | LR50 / EC50 / NOEC / % Effect | - | - | - |
| Other arthropod (1) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Other arthropod (2) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Soil micro-organisms | - | - | - | |
| Mesocosm study data | NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - |
| NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - | |
HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
for azamethiphos
General:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class) |
High (class III) | - | - | |
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | 1180 | L3 Rat | Moderate | |
| Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight) | > 2150 | L3 Rat | - | |
| Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1) | > 0.56 | L3 Rat | - | |
| Other Mammal toxicity endpoints | - | - | ||
| ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1) | 0.003 | UK ACP 2001 | - | |
| ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1) | 0.01 | UK ACP 2001 | - | |
| AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1) | 0.1 | UK ACP 2001 ST | - | |
| Dermal penetration studies (%) | - | - | - | |
| Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464 | List I; List II | - | - | |
| Exposure Limits | - | - | - | |
| Exposure Routes | Public | - | ||
| Occupational | - | |||
| European MRLs | Click here for the EU MRL pesticide database | |||
| Drinking Water MAC (μg l-1) | - | - | - | |
Health issues:
| Carcinogen | Mutagen | Endocrine disrupter | Reproduction / development effects | Cholinesterase inhibitor | Neurotoxicant | |||
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| Respiratory tract irritant | Skin irritant | Skin sensitiser | Eye irritant | Phototoxicant | ||||
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| General human health issues | Mutagenic potential | |||||||
: Yes, known to cause a problem
: No, known not to cause a problem
: Possibly, status not identified
- : No data found
Handling issues:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| General |
IMDG Transport Code is 6.1 | |||
| CLP classification 2013 | None allocated at this time | |||
| EC Risk Classification |
Xn - Harmful: R22 Xi - Irritant: R36 |
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| EC Safety Classification |
S26 | |||
| WHO Classification | II | - | Moderately hazardous | |
| US EPA Classification (formulation) | III | - | Caution - Slightly toxic | |
| UN Number | 2783 | |||
| Waste disposal & packaging |
- | |||
| Language | Name |
| English | azamethiphos |
| French | azametiphos |
| German | Azamethiphos |
| Danish | azamethiphos |
| Italian | azametifos |
| Spanish | azametifos |
| Greek | - |
| Slovenian | azametifos |
| Polish | azametifos |
| Swedish | azametifos |
| Hungarian | - |
| Dutch | azamethifos |
Record last updated: Tuesday 01 March 2016
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk