Paclobutrazol (Ref: PP 333) |
![]() Last updated: 25/02/2021 |
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(Also known as: paclobutrazole) |
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A conazole plant growth regulator with some fungicidal activity for ornamentals, fruit and other crops to inhibit vegetative growth | |
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Vegetative growth - cell division | |
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Mango; Cotton; Corn; Chilli; Bonzi production; Grape vines | |
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Current | |
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1986 |
UK regulatory status |
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Approved | ||
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31/05/2024 | ||
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None |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Approved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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UK/Romania | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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31/05/2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Yes - two 'Persistent-Bioaccumulative-Toxic' criteria | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Also used in |
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Australia |
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Chemical structure |
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A molecule with two chiral centres. The technical material is a racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (2R,3R)- and (2S,3S)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pentan-3-ol. | |
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C₁₅H₂₀ClN₃O | |
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CC(C)(C)C(C(CC1=CC=C(C=C1)Cl)N2C=NC=N2)O | |
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CC(C)(C)[C@H]([C@@H](CC1=CC=C(C=C1)Cl)N2C=NC=N2)O | |
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RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/2C15H20ClN3O/c2*1-15(2,3)14(20)13(19-10-17-9-18-19)8-11-4-6-12(16)7-5-11/h2*4-7,9-10,13-14,20H,8H2,1-3H3/t2*13-,14-/m10/s1 | |
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Yes |
General status |
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Plant growth regulator; Fungicide | |
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Triazole | |
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930 g kg⁻¹ | |
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EU dossier - None declared | |
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Synthetic | |
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Absorbed through leaves, stem and roots and translocated | |
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76738-62-0 | |
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266-325-7 | |
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445 | |
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125601 | |
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158076 | |
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293.8 | |
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- | |
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(2RS,3RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pentan-3-ol | |
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(αR,βR)-rel-β-((4-chlorophenyl)methyl)-α-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol | |
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- | |
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Not applicable | |
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Not applicable | |
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Not applicable | |
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Not applicable | |
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- | |
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White crystalline solid | |
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Formulations |
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Often supplied as a suspension concentrate that is mixed with water and used as a spray |
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22.9 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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72400 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Acetone5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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5670 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Xylene5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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150000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Methanol5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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199 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) n-Heptane5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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164 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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384 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Not expected to self ignite; Not highly flammable | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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1.29 X 1003 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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3.11 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
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1.23 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.0019 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low volatility | ||||||||
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2.39 X 10-05 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Non-volatile | ||||||||
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Neutral solution: 222nm = 10900, 260nm = 233, 267nm = 294, 276nm = 236 Acidic solution: 221nm = 17500, 260nm = 228, 267nm = 284, 276nm = 229 Basic solution: 221nm = 12800, 260nm = 222, 267nm = 280, 276nm = 225 No absorbance > ca 280nm |
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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66.0 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) at 20.5 °C]5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Degradation |
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112 | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Persistent | |||||||
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120 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Persistent | ||||||||
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29.5 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Non-persistent | ||||||||
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577.5 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Very persistent | ||||||||
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98.1 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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EU dossier lab studies DT₅₀ range 27.1-618 days (normalised), DT₉₀ range 143-2053 days, field studies DT₅₀ range 27.2-60.8 days (normalised), DT₉₀ range 46.7-202 days; Other studies: DT₅₀ (1) lab 84-140 days, field 6-13 months (B4), (2) US sources: 200 days (DW4) | ||||||||||
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4.4 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Wheat, whole plant, n=1 | ||||||||||
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6.0 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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OSR, whole plant, n=1 | ||||||||||
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Stable | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Stable | |||||||
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Stable | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Stable | |||||||
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Stable pH 4 to pH 9 over 30 days at 25 °C | ||||||||||
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787 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Stable | ||||||||
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164 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Stable |
Soil adsorption and mobility |
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- | DW3 DW = Don Wauchope personal database for Pka data: Wauchope, R. D. and Edwards, J. Dissociation constants for pesticide active ingredients: a database and comparison with predicted values. MS in preparation 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderately mobile | |||||||
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400 | ||||||||||
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4.3 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderately mobile | |||||||
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210 | ||||||||||
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0.93 | ||||||||||
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EU dossier kf range 0.68-15.1 mL g⁻¹, Kfoc range 34.7-665.3 mL g⁻¹, 1/n range 0.87-0.97, Soils=13 | ||||||||||
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No |
Fate indices |
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2.47 | Calculated | Transition state | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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1.33 X 10-01 | Calculated | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Medium | Calculated | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Moderately mobile | Calculated | - |
Key metabolites |
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Soil | 0.274 | Major fraction, Relevant | |||||
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Soil | 0.03 | Minor fraction, Relevant | |||||
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Soil | - | Not relevant |
Other known metabolites |
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2-amino-3-1,2,4-triazole-1-yl-propionic acid (Ref: CGA 131013) | triazole alanine | Plant | - | - | |||||
3-hydroxy-1H-1,2,4-triazole, hydroxy triazole (Ref: NOA 457654) Note: Potenial groundwater pollutant |
- | Water/sediment; Soil | - | - | |||||
(2RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H, 1,2,4-triazole-1-yl)-1-hydroxy-pentan-3-one (Ref: R117117) | hydroxy ketone | Water/sediment | - | - | |||||
(2RS, 3RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H, 1,2,4-triazole-1-yl)pentan-1,3-diol (Ref: SYN 536408) | diol | Water/sediment | - | - | |||||
2-hydroxy-3-[1,2,4]-triazole-1-yl-propionic acid (Ref: CGA 205639) | triazole lactic acid | Plant | - | - |
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44 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low potential | |||||||
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Not available | - | |||||||||
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1336 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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2.5 | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | |||||||
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50 | - | |||||||||
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> 117 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat Reproductive NOAEL5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 2100 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Colinus virginianus5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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> 2000 mg kg feed⁻¹ | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Colinus virginianus5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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118.6 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Anas platyrhynchos5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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23.6 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Lepomis macrochirus5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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3.3 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Salmo gairdneri5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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33.2 | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) Daphnia magna5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.32 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Daphnia magna5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.0082 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Lemna gibba5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
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58.3 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Tomato5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Seedling emergence, ER₅₀ as g ha⁻¹ |
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7.2 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 40 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Apis mellifera5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | |||||||
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> 2 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Apis mellifera5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 500 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Eisenia foetida corr5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.845 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Eisenia foetida corr5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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16.7 | 48 hour A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Aphidius rhopalosiphi5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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1000 | >, 7 day A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Typhlodromus pyri5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect at 77 days Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect at 21 days |
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Dose: 20 kg ha⁻¹ |
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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1336 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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2000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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3.13 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat 4 hr (nose only)5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.022 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.1 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) SF=1005 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.1 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) SF=1005 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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No unacceptable risks to bystanders identified | |||||||||
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No unacceptable risks to operators or other workers identified | ||||||||||
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0.1 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) EU Dir 89/778/EC limit; Calc MAC=300 µg l⁻¹5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Health issues |
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Harmful if inhaled or swallowed |
Handling issues |
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Not explosive or oxidising IMDG Transport Code is usually 4.1 Flammable |
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Health: H302, H312, H319, H332, H361 Environment: H400, H410 Handling: H228 |
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Reproduction risk category 3: R63 Xn - Harmful: R20/22 N - Dangerous for the environment: R51, R53 |
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S60, S61 | |||
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II (Moderately hazardous) | |||
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Usually 1325 | |||
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Packaging Group II (medium danger) |
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paclobutrazol | ||
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paclobutrazol | ||
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Paclobutrazol | ||
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paclobutrazol | ||
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paclobutrazolo | ||
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paclobutrazol | ||
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paklobutrazol | ||
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paklobutrazol | ||
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paclobutrazool |
Record last updated: | 25/02/2021 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |