Picoxystrobin (Ref: ZA 1963)

Picoxystrobin (Ref: ZA 1963)	Last updated: 21/08/2024
(Also known as: picoxystrolin; ZA 1963)

SUMMARY

Data alerts

The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.

Environmental fate	Ecotoxicity	Human health
Environmental fate Moderate alert: Drainflow: Slightly mobile	Ecotoxicity High alert: Fish acute ecotoxicity: High; Daphnia acute ecotoxicity: High; Daphnia chronic ecotoxicity: High; Earthworms acute ecotoxicity: High	Human health Moderate alert: Mammals chronic toxicity: Moderate; Possible Carcinogen; Reproduction/development effects

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

A broad-spectrum cereal fungicide used to control a wide range of diseases including rusts and mildews

Example pests controlled

Brown & yellow rusts; Leaf spot; Tan spot; Powdery mildew; Net blotch; Ear diseases; Sclerotinia

Example applications

Cereals including winter and spring wheat, winter and spring barley (undersown with grass/clover), winter and spring oats; Oilseed rape.

Efficacy & activity

Wheat/Eyespot=Low; Wheat/Mildew=Low; Wheat/Septoria=Low; Wheat/Rust=Moderate-High; Barley/Rhynchosporium=Low; Barley/Rust=High; Barley/Net blotch=Low; Corn/Leaf blight=High; Corn/Rust=High; Corn/Eyespot=High; Soybean/Blight=High; Soybean/Anthracnose=Moderate; Soybean/Brown spot=Moderate; Soybean/Leaf blight=Moderate; Soybean/Rust=High; Soybean/White mould=Moderate

Availability status

Current

Introduction & key dates

2001, introduced

GB regulatory status

GB COPR regulatory status

Not approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

Not applicable

GB LERAP status

No UK approval for use as a plant protection agent

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Not approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Czech Republic/Romania

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

Not applicable

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Not applicable

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece

ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg

LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 by Mutual Recognition of Authorisation and/or national regulations in the following EEA countries

ISIceland	NONorway

Additional information

Also used in

Chemical structure

Isomerism

None

Chemical formula

C₁₈H₁₆F₃NO₄

Canonical SMILES

COC=C(C1=CC=CC=C1COC2=CC=CC(=N2)C(F)(F)F)C(=O)OC

Isomeric SMILES

CO/C=C(\C1=CC=CC=C1COC2=CC=CC(=N2)C(F)(F)F)/C(=O)OC

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

IBSNKSODLGJUMQ-SDNWHVSQSA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C18H16F3NO4/c1-24-11-14(17(23)25-2)13-7-4-3-6-12(13)10-26-16-9-5-8-15(22-16)18(19,20)21/h3-9,11H,10H2,1-2H3/b14-11+

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

General status

Pesticide type

Fungicide

Substance groups

Strobilurin fungicide; Methoxyacrylate strobiluron fungicide

Minimum active substance purity

970 g kg⁻¹

Known relevant impurities

EU dossier - None declared

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Preventative and curative action. Respiration inhibitor (QoL fungicide).

CAS RN

117428-22-5

EC number

601-478-9

CIPAC number

628

US EPA chemical code

129200

PubChem CID

11285653

CLP index number

No data found

Molecular mass

367.32

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

IUPAC name

methyl (E)-3-methoxy-2-{2-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyloxymethyl]phenyl}acrylate

CAS name

methyl (αE)-α-(methoxymethylene)-2-(((6-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl)oxy)methyl)benzeneacetate

Other status information

Chemical subject to PIC regulations: GB Part 2

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Class (HRAC MoA class)

Not applicable

Herbicide Resistance Class (WSSA MoA class)

Not applicable

Insecticide Resistance Class (IRAC MoA class)

Not applicable

Fungicide Resistance Class (FRAC MOA class)

Examples of recorded resistance

Physical state

Cream coloured solid

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

DuPont
Syngenta

Example products using this active

Acanto Prima
Credo
Furlong
Galileo

Formulation and application details

Often supplied as a soluble concentrate that is mixed with water and used as a spray

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

3.1

Low

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

96000

Methanol

250000

Acetone

250000

Ethyl acetate

250000

Xylene

Melting point (°C)

Boiling point (°C)

Decomposes before boiling

Degradation point (°C)

342

Flashpoint (°C)

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

3.98 X 10⁰³

Calculated

Log P

3.6

High

Fat solubility of residues

Solubility

Soluble

Data type

Regulatory data - observed in metabolism and farm animal feeding studies

Density (g ml⁻¹)

1.4

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

Not applicable

No dissociation

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

0.0055

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

6.00 X 10^-04

Non-volatile

Volatilisation as max % of applied dose lost

From plant surface

24 hr

Volatilisation is not considered critical for air pollution

From soil surface

24 hr

Volatilisation is not considered critical for air pollution

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

209.6nm=20700, 218.1nm=22200, 244.5nm=12900

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

71.1

at 20 °C 97.5%

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

24.4

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

24.4

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

19.3

Non-persistent

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

131.7

Persistent

DT₉₀ (field)

214.6

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

EU dossier lab studies DT₅₀ range 19.1-31.8 days, DT₉₀ range 98.9-189 days, Soils=6; field studies range 2.6-37.0 days, DT₉₀ range 82.1-424.1 days, Soils=8

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on plant matrix

Value

Note

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on and in plant matrix

Value

6.4

Note

Published literature RL₅₀ range 2.5-11.4 days, 3 field crops, various matrices, n=3

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

Slow

Note

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

Non-persistent

Note

Stable pH 4 to pH 9 at 25 °C, also stable at pH7 at 50 °C, DT₅₀ 16.5 days at pH 9, 50 °C

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

Moderately fast

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

7.5

Moderately fast

Sediment phase only DT₅₀ (days)

Air degradation

As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below.

Decay in stored produce DT₅₀

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d (mL g⁻¹)

14.7

Slightly mobile

K_oc (mL g⁻¹)

965

Notes and range

EU dossier K_d range 3.5-24.0, K_oc range 790-1200, Soils=6

Freundlich

K_f (mL g⁻¹)

13.3

Slightly mobile

K_foc (mL g⁻¹)

898

¹/_n

0.97

Notes and range

EU dossier K_f range 3.6-22.0, K_foc range 750-1200 mL g⁻¹, ¹/_n range 0.90-1.01, Soils=6

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

1.35

Calculated

Low leachability

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

2.79 X 10^-02

Calculated

Note

Potential for particle bound transport index

Low

Calculated

Potential for loss via drain flow

Slightly mobile

Calculated

Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀ (hrs) as indicator of long-range air transport risk

2.49

Calculated using the Atkinson method. Assumed 1.5E+06 OH/cm³, 12 hr

Below the level of concern for long-range air transport

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

290

Whole fish

Threshold for concern

CT₅₀ (days)

Not available

Known soil metabolites

Metabolite

Major/Minor fraction

$Click here for further information on Major/Minor fraction$

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Notes

(2E)-3-methoxy-2-(2-(((6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)acrylic acid (Ref: IN QDY62)

Major fraction

0.300

6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2(1H)-one (Ref: IN QDK50)

Major fraction

0.138

2-methoxy-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine (Ref: IN QDY64)

Major fraction

0.312

Hydrolysis; Photolysis

2-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yloxymethyl]-benzoic acid (Ref: IN-QDY63)

Photolysis

o-phthalic acid

Compound 2

Major fraction

0.300

Compound 3

Hydrolysis; Photolysis

Known groundwater metabolites

Metabolite

EC SANCO/221/2000 relevancy

ADI (mg kg⁻¹ bodyweight day⁻¹)

WHO drinking water guidance value (μg L⁻¹ day⁻¹)

(2E)-3-methoxy-2-(2-(((6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)acrylic acid (Ref: IN QDY62)

Relevant

2-methoxy-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine (Ref: IN QDY64)

Relevant

2-({[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy}methyl)benzoic acid (Ref: IN-QDY63)

Relevant

Other known metabolites

Metabolite name and reference

Aliases

Formation medium / Rate

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

2-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yloxymethyl]-benzoic acid
Note: LD50(oral,rat) = 387 mg/kg bw

M8; Compound 8

Water; Sediment

1,3-dihydro-isobenzofuran-3-one-1 carboxylic acid
Note: LD50(oral,rat) = 2000 mg/kg bw

M24; Compound 24

Plant

M2; Compound 2

Water; Sediment

M4; Compound 4

Water (Hydrolysis)

0.412

M7; Compound 7

Water; Sediment

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Terrestrial ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 5000

Rat

Low

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

4.3

Rat

High

(ppm diet)

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

≥ 137.5

Rat Reproductive NOAEL

Moderate

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 2250

Colinus virginianus

Low

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

> 5200 mg kg bw⁻¹ day⁻¹

Colinus virginianus

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

110.3

Anas platyrhynchos NOEL

Moderate

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

3.35

Eisenia foetida corr

High

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

0.315

Eisenia foetida corr

Moderate

Soil micro-organisms

Nitrogen mineralisation: Minor transient effects
Carbon mineralisation: Minor transient effects

Dose: 0.75 kg ha⁻¹ 28 Day

Collembola

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

12.5

Folsomia candida

Non-target plants

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 200

Apis mellifera

Low

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 200

Apis mellifera

Low

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Chronic as 10-day LDD₅₀ ug//bee/day

12.1

Apis mellifera

Notes

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other bee species (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other bee species (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Beneficial insects (Ladybirds)

Beneficial insects (Lacewings)

Beneficial insects (Parasitic wasps) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹ 48 hr

283

Aphidius rhopalosiphi Adult

Beneficial insects (Predatory mites) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹ 7 day

12.6

Typhlodromus pyri

Beneficial insects (Ground beetles) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

> 500

Poecilus cupreus

Aquatic ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.075

Oncorhynchus mykiss

High

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.01

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Moderate

Tropical Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 0.082

Danio rerio Embryo

High

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.024

Daphnia magna

High

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.008

Daphnia magna

High

Tropical Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

0.0084

Chironomus riparius 21 day

High

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

5.0

Chironomus riparius

Moderate

Aquatic plants (free-floating, growth) - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

0.26

Lemna gibba

Moderate

Aquatic plants (rooted, growth) - Acute 14 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

0.056

Raphidocelis subcapitata

Moderate

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

Marine bivalves

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 5000

Rat

Low

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

2000

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 2.12

Rat (nose only)

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

None allocated

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

None allocated

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

None allocated

Dermal penetration studies (%)

2.0

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

List II

Exposure Routes

Public

No unacceptable risks to bystanders identified

Occupational

No unacceptable risks to operators or other workers identified

MRLs

European

EU MRL pesticide database

Great Britain

GB MRL Register

Notes

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Mammalian dose elimination route and rate

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

No data found

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

No data found

General human health issues

Harmful if swallowed
US EPA - possible human carcinogen

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

Not explosive or oxidising
IMDG Transport Hazard Class 9
Not expected to auto-ignite; Not highly flammable

CLP classification 2013

Health: H319, H332
Environment: H400, H410

WHO Classification

III (Slightly hazardous)

UN Number

UN3082

Waste disposal & packaging

Packaging Group III (minor danger)

Shelf-life, storage, stability and reactivity

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

picoxystrobin

French

picoxystrobine

German

Picoxystrobin

Danish

picoxystrobin

Italian

picoxistrobina

Spanish

picoxistrobin

Greek

Polish

pikoksystrobina

Swedish

pikoxystrobin

Hungarian

Dutch

picoxystrobin

Norwegian

Record last updated:	21/08/2024
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242