Picoxystrobin (Ref: ZA 1963)

Picoxystrobin (Ref: ZA 1963)	Last updated: 02/03/2021
(Also known as: picoxystrolin; ZA 1963)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

A broad-spectrum cereal fungicide used to control a wide range of diseases including rusts and mildews

Example pests controlled

Brown & yellow rusts; Leaf spot; Tan spot; Powdery mildew; Net blotch; Ear diseases; Sclerotinia

Example applications

Cereals including winter and spring wheat, winter and spring barley (undersown with grass/clover), winter and spring oats; Oilseed rape.

Efficacy & activity

Wheat/Eyespot=Low; Wheat/Mildew=Low; Wheat/Septoria=Low; Wheat/Rust=Moderate-High; Barley/Rhynchosporium=Low; Barley/Rust=High; Barley/Net blotch=Low; Corn/Leaf blight=High; Corn/Rust=High; Corn/Eyespot=High; Soybean/Blight=High; Soybean/Anthracnose=Moderate; Soybean/Brown spot=Moderate; Soybean/Leaf blight=Moderate; Soybean/Rust=High; Soybean/White mould=Moderate

Availability status

Current

Introduction & key dates

2001

UK regulatory status

UK COPR regulatory status

Not approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

Not applicable

UK LERAP status

Not applicable

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Not approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Czech Republic/Romania

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

Not applicable

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Not applicable

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece

ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg

LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia

Also used in

Chemical structure

Isomerism

None

Chemical formula

C₁₈H₁₆F₃NO₄

Canonical SMILES

C1=CC(=CC(=C1)OC2=CC=CC(=N2)C(=O)NC3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C(F)(F)F

Isomeric SMILES

No data

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

IBSNKSODLGJUMQ-SDNWHVSQSA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C18H16F3NO4/c1-24-11-14(17(23)25-2)13-7-4-3-6-12(13)10-26-16-9-5-8-15(22-16)18(19,20)21/h3-9,11H,10H2,1-2H3/b14-11+

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

General status

Pesticide type

Fungicide

Substance group

Strobilurin type- methoxyacrylate

Minimum active substance purity

970 g kg⁻¹

Known relevant impurities

EU dossier - None declared

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Preventative and curative action. Respiration inhibitor (QoL fungicide).

CAS RN

117428-22-5

EC number

CIPAC number

628

US EPA chemical code

129200

PubChem CID

11285653

Molecular mass

367.32

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

IUPAC name

methyl (E)-3-methoxy-2-{2-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyloxymethyl]phenyl}acrylate

CAS name

methyl (αE)-α-(methoxymethylene)-2-(((6-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl)oxy)methyl)benzeneacetate

Other status information

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)

Not applicable

Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA)

Not applicable

Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)

Not applicable

Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)

Examples of recorded resistance

Physical state

Cream coloured solid

Related substances & organisms

chlorothalonil

cyprodinil

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

Acanto Prima
Credo
Furlong
Galileo

Example products using this active

DuPont
Syngenta

Formulation and application details

Often supplied as a soluble concentrate that is mixed with water and used as a spray

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

3.1

Low

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

96000

Methanol

250000

Acetone

250000

Ethyl acetate

250000

Xylene

Melting point (°C)

Boiling point (°C)

Decomposes before boiling

Degradation point (°C)

342

Flashpoint (°C)

Not expected to self ignite; Not highly flammable

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

3.98 X 10⁰³

Calculated

Log P

3.6

High

Bulk density (g ml⁻¹)

1.4

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

Not applicable

No dissociation

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

0.0055

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

6.00 X 10^-04

Non-volatile

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

209.6nm=20700, 218.1nm=22200, 244.5nm=12900

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

71.1

at 20 °C 97.5%

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

24.4

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

24.4

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

19.3

Non-persistent

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

131.7

Persistent

DT₉₀ (field)

214.6

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

EU dossier lab studies DT₅₀ range 19.1-31.8 days, DT₉₀ range 98.9-189 days, Soils=6; field studies range 2.6-37.0 days, DT₉₀ range 82.1-424.1 days, Soils=8

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on plant matrix

Value

Note

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on and in plant matrix

Value

6.9

Note

Published literature RL₅₀ range 2.5-11.4 days, 2 field crops, various matrices, n=2

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

Slow

Note

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

Non-persistent

Note

Stable pH 4 to pH 9 at 25 °C, also stable at pH7 at 50 °C, DT₅₀ 16.5 days at pH 9, 50 °C

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

Moderately fast

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

7.5

Moderately fast

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d

14.7

Slightly mobile

K_oc

965

Notes and range

EU dossier K_d range 3.5-24.0, K_oc range 790-1200, Soils=6

Freundlich

K_f

13.3

Slightly mobile

K_foc

898

¹/_n

0.97

Notes and range

EU dossier K_f range 3.6-22.0, K_foc range 750-1200 mL g⁻¹, ¹/_n range 0.90-1.01, Soils=6

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

1.35

Calculated

Low leachability

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

2.79 X 10^-02

Calculated

Note

Potential for particle bound transport index

Low

Calculated

Potential for loss via drain flow

Slightly mobile

Calculated

Key metabolites

Metabolite

Formation medium

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

1107/2009 relevancy

(2E)-3-methoxy-2-(2-(((6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)acrylic acid (Ref: IN-QDY62)

Soil

0.300

Major fraction, Relevant

6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2(1H)-one (Ref: IN-QDK50)

Soil

0.138

Major fraction, Relevant

2-methoxy-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine (Ref: IN-QDY64)

Soil

0.312

Major fraction, Relevant

Other known metabolites

Metabolite name and reference

Aliases

Formation medium / Rate

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Metabolising enzymes

2-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yloxymethyl]-benzoic acid
Note: LD50(oral,rat) = 387 mg/kg bw

M8; Compound 8

Soil (a=Hydrolysis, b = Photolysis); Water; Sediment

o-phthalic acid
Note: LD50(oral,rat) = 7500 mg/kg bw

M15; Compound 15

Soil (Photolysis)

1,3-dihydro-isobenzofuran-3-one-1 carboxylic acid
Note: LD50(oral,rat) = 2000 mg/kg bw

M24; Compound 24

Plant

2-methoxy-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine

M26; Compound 26

Soil

0.312

M2; Compound 2

a = Soil; b = Water; c = Sediment

a = 0.300

M4; Compound 4

Water (Hydrolysis)

0.412

M7; Compound 7

Water; Sediment

M3; Compound 3

Soil (a=Hydrolysis, b = Photolysis)

a = 0.138; b = 0.283

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

290

Whole fish

Threshold for concern

CT₅₀ (days)

Not available

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 5000

Rat

Low

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

4.3

Rat

High

(ppm diet)

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

≥ 137.5

Rat Reproductive NOAEL

Moderate

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 2250

Colinus virginianus

Low

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

> 5200 mg kg bw⁻¹ day⁻¹

Colinus virginianus

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

110.3

Anas platyrhynchos NOEL

Moderate

Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.075

Oncorhynchus mykiss

High

Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.01

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Moderate

Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.024

Daphnia magna

High

Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.008

Daphnia magna

High

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

62.5

Chironomus riparius

Low

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

5.0

Chironomus riparius

Moderate

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

0.26

Lemna gibba

Moderate

Non-target plants

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

0.056

Raphidocelis subcapitata 72 hour

Moderate

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 200

Low

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 200

Low

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other pollinators (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other pollinators (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

3.4

Eisenia foetida

High

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

Other soil macro-organisms

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Other arthropod (1)

LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

283

2 day
Aphidius rhopalosiphi adult

% Effect

100

Mortality [Dose: 0.5 kg ha⁻¹]
Aphidius rhopalosiphi adult

Other arthropod (2)

LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

12.6

7 day
Typhlodromus pyri

% Effect

Mortality [Dose: 0.5 kg ha⁻¹]
Typhlodromus pyri protonymph

Soil micro-organisms

Nitrogen mineralisation: Minor transient effects
Carbon mineralisation: Minor transient effects

Dose: 0.75 kg ha⁻¹ 28 days

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 5000

Rat

Low

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

2000

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 2.12

Rat (nose only)

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.043

Dog SF=100

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

None allocated

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.043

Dog 90 day SF=100

Dermal penetration studies (%)

2.0

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

List II

Exposure Routes

Public

No unacceptable risks to bystanders identified

Occupational

No unacceptable risks to operators or other workers identified

MRLs

European

EU MRL pesticide database

Notes

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

No data found

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

No data found

General human health issues

Harmful if swallowed
USEPA - possible human carcinogen

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

Not explosive or oxidising
IMDG Transport Code is usually 9

CLP classification 2013

Health: H319, H332
Environment: H400, H410

EC Risk Classification

Xn - Harmful: R20
N - Dangerous for the environment: R50/53

EC Safety Classification

WHO Classification

NL (Not listed)

UN Number

Usually 3082

Waste disposal & packaging

Packaging Group III (minor danger)

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

picoxystrobin

French

picoxystrobine

German

Picoxystrobin

Danish

picoxystrobin

Italian

picoxistrobina

Spanish

picoxistrobin

Greek

Polish

pikoksystrobina

Swedish

pikoxystrobin

Hungarian

Dutch

picoxystrobin

Record last updated:	02/03/2021
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242