Proquinazid (Ref: DPX KQ926)

Proquinazid (Ref: DPX KQ926)	Last updated: 12/01/2021
(Also known as: IN KQ926)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

A fungicide with the potential to control powdery mildew in a range of crops including cereals

Example pests controlled

Powdery mildew; Septoria leaf blotch; Glume blotch; Yellow rust; Brown rust; Eyespot; Ear disease complex

Example applications

Cereals including wheat, barley, oats, rye, triticale; Grapes

Efficacy & activity

Wheat/Mildew=High; Mildew=Moderate for protection, Low for eradication

Availability status

Current

Introduction & key dates

2005

UK regulatory status

UK COPR regulatory status

Approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

31/07/2025

UK LERAP status

Buffer probably required in UK - see product label

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Sweden/Lithuania

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

31/07/2022

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece
✓		✓	✓	✓	✓		✓	✓
ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg
✓	✓		✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓
LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia
✓	✓		✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓

Also used in

Chemical structure

Isomerism

Chemical formula

C₁₄H₁₇IN₂₀₂

Canonical SMILES

CCCN1C(=O)C2=C(C=CC(=C2)I)N=C1OCCC

Isomeric SMILES

No data

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

FLVBXVXXXMLMOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C14H17IN2O2/c1-3-7-17-13(18)11-9-10(15)5-6-12(11)16-14(17)19-8-4-2/h5-6,9H,3-4,7-8H2,1-2H3

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

General status

Pesticide type

Fungicide

Substance group

Quinazolinone

Minimum active substance purity

Known relevant impurities

EU dossier - None declared

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Preventative and curative activity. Translocates and inhibits appressoria development stopping infections. Signal transduction

CAS RN

189278-12-4

EC number

CIPAC number

764

US EPA chemical code

044502

PubChem CID

11057771

Molecular mass

372.2

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

IUPAC name

6-iodo-2-propoxy-3-propylquinazolin-4(3H)-one

CAS name

6-iodo-2-propoxy-3-propyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone

Other status information

PAN listed Highly Hazardous Chemical

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)

Not applicable

Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA)

Not applicable

Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)

Not applicable

Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)

Examples of recorded resistance

Physical state

White crystalline solid

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

Justice
Talius
Talendo

Example products using this active

DuPont

Formulation and application details

Often supplied as an emulsifiable concentrate that is mixed with water and used as a spray

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

0.93

Low

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

250000

Acetone

250000

Dichloromethane

250000

Ethyl acetate

136000

Methanol

Melting point (°C)

Boiling point (°C)

Decomposes before boiling

Degradation point (°C)

367

Flashpoint (°C)

Not expected to self ignite; Not highly flammable

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

3.16 X 10⁰⁵

Calculated

Log P

5.5

High

Bulk density (g ml⁻¹)

1.57

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

Not applicable

No dissociation

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

0.09

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

3.00 X 10^-02

Non-volatile

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

Neutral, acid & basic media: 270nm = 16000, 325nm = 300

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

73.9

at 19.8°C

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

Moderately persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

60.4

Moderately persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

22.2

Non-persistent

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

348.7

Persistent

DT₉₀ (field)

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

EU dossier lab studies DT₅₀ range 28-239 days (normalised), DT₉₀ range 131-1150 days, field studies DT₅₀ range 5.5-70 days European soils, DT₉₀ range 18-231 days

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on plant matrix

Value

Note

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on and in plant matrix

Value

1.0

Note

Published literature RL₅₀ range 0.77-1.26 days, Grapes, various matrices, n=2

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

0.03

Fast

Note

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

Stable

Note

Stable pH 4 to pH 9 at 20 °C

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

70.5

Moderately fast

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

0.78

Fast

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d

K_oc

Notes and range

Freundlich

K_f

194

Non-mobile

K_foc

12870

¹/_n

0.94

Notes and range

EU dossier K_f range 107-295 mL g⁻¹, K_foc range 9091-16769 mL g⁻¹, ¹/_n range 0.91-0.98, Soils=4

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

-0.15

Calculated

Low leachability

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

5.35 X 10^-03

Calculated

Note

Estimated concentrations of chemicals with Koc values greater than 9995 ml g⁻¹ are beyond the scope of the regression data used in SCI-GROW development. If there are concerns for such chemicals, a higher tier groundwater exposure assessment should be considered, regardless of the concentration returned by SCI-GROW

Potential for particle bound transport index

High

Calculated

Potential for loss via drain flow

Non-mobile

Calculated

Key metabolites

Metabolite

Formation medium

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

1107/2009 relevancy

2-propoxy-3-propylquinazolin-4(3H)-one (Ref: IN-MM671)

Soil

0.65

Major fraction, Relevant

6-iodo-3-propylquinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (Ref: IN-MM986)

Soil

0.02

Minor fraction, Relevant

3-propylquinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (Ref: IN-MM991)

Soil

0.07

Minor fraction, Relevant

Other known metabolites

Metabolite name and reference

Aliases

Formation medium / Rate

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Metabolising enzymes

Ref: IN-MU210

Plant; Animal (Urinary); Rat

Ref: IN-MY341

Plant

Ref: IN-MY340

Plant; Poultry (Eggs)

Ref: IN-MM991
Note: Risk for groundwater

a = Plant; b = Water (Hydrolysis, Photolysis); Soil (c = Aerobic, d = Anaerobic); Sediment

c=0.07; d=0.01

Ref: IN-NA251

Animal; Poultry (Eggs)

Ref: IN-NA252

Animal

Ref: IN-MW398

Poultry (Eggs)

Ref: IN-MW397

Poultry (Eggs)

Ref: IN-MT884
Note: Risk for groundwater

Water (Photolysis, Hydrolysis)

Ref: IN-NB673

Rat (Faeces, Urinary)

Ref: IN-MU715

Rat (Faeces, Urinary)

Ref: IN-GJ515

Rat (Faeces, Urinary)

Ref: IN-MW977

Plant

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

821

Whole fish

Threshold for concern

CT₅₀ (days)

Not available

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

4846

Rat

Low

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

(ppm diet)

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

> 35

Rat Reproductive NOAEL

Moderate

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 2250

Colinus virginianus

Low

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

1371 mg kg bw⁻¹ day⁻¹

Colinus virginianus

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

7.78

Colinus virginianus NOEC

High

Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.349

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Moderate

Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.003

Oncorhynchus mykiss technical material

High

Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.287

Daphnia magna

Moderate

Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.0018

Daphnia magna technical material

High

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.11

Americamysis bahia

Moderate

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

0.456

Chironomus riparius

Moderate

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

> 0.2

Lemna gibba

Moderate

Non-target plants

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

0.684

Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata

Moderate

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 197

Apis mellifera

Low

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 125

Apis mellifera

Low

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other pollinators (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other pollinators (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 1000

Eisenia foetida

Low

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

50.9

Eisenia foetida 56 days

Moderate

Other soil macro-organisms

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Other arthropod (1)

LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

131.4

Aphidius rhopalosiphi

% Effect

Other arthropod (2)

LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

47.85

Typhlodromus pyri

% Effect

Soil micro-organisms

Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect
Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect

Dose: 50 mg kg⁻¹ soil

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

4846

Rat

Low

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

5000

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 5.2

Rat 4 hr (nose only)

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.01

proposed Rat 2 year SF=100

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.2

proposed Dog SF=100

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.02

proposed Rat 90 day SF=100

Dermal penetration studies (%)

2.0-12.0

concentration dependent

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

Exposure Routes

Public

No unacceptable risks to bystanders identified

Occupational

Risk of exposure acceptable under label recommendations for use for personal protection clothing and equipment

European MRLs

EU MRL pesticide database

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

0.1

EU Dir 89/778/EC limit; Calc MAC=30.0 µg l⁻¹

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

No data found

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

No data found

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

No data found

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

No data found

General human health issues

Formulation may be eye irritant
Possible liver and thyroid toxicant
May cause hormonal changes
USEPA - some evidence to suggest possible human carcinogen

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

Not explosive or oxidising
IMDG Transport Code is usually 9

CLP classification 2013

Health: H351
Environment: H400, H410

EC Risk Classification

Carcinogen category 3: R40
Xn - Harmful: R41
N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53

EC Safety Classification

S35, S57

WHO Classification

NL (Not listed)

UN Number

Usually 3082

Waste disposal & packaging

Packaging Group III (minor danger)

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

proquinazid

French

proquinazid technique

German

Proquinazid

Danish

proquinazid

Italian

proquinazid

Spanish

proquinazid

Greek

Polish

proquinazid

Swedish

Hungarian

Dutch

Record last updated:	12/01/2021
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242