quinoxyfen (Ref: DE 795) ** quinoline ** Translations

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GENERAL INFORMATION
for quinoxyfen

Description: A fungicide used mainly to control powdery mildew in cereals and other crops

Example pests controlled: Powdery mildew

Example applications: Cereals; Grapes; Curcubits; Mangoes; Tomato

Efficacy & activity: Wheat/Mildew=Low; Mildew=Low for protection, no data for eradication

Availability status: Current

Introduction & key dates: 1996, Europe

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):

Status	Not approved
Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur	UK/Austria
Date inclusion expires	Expired
EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)	Not applicable
Listed in EU database	Yes

Approved for use () or known to be used () in the following European countries:

AT

BE

BG

CY

CZ

DE

DK

EE

EL

ES

FI

FR

HR

HU

IE

IT

LT

LU

LV

MT

NL

PL

PT

RO

SE

SI

SK

UK

Also used in: Australia, Chile, USA

Chemical structure:

Isomerism	-
Chemical formula	C15H8Cl2FNO
Canonical SMILES	C1=CC(=CC=C1OC2=C3C(=CC(=CC3=NC=C2)Cl)Cl)F
Isomeric SMILES	No data
International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)	WRPIRSINYZBGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
International Chemical Identifier (InChI)	InChI=1S/C15H8Cl2FNO/c16-9-7-12(17)15-13(8-9)19-6-5-14(15)20-11-3-1-10(18)2-4-11/h1-8H
2D structure diagram/image available?	Yes

General status:

Pesticide type	Fungicide
Substance group	Quinoline
Minimum active substance purity	99.7%
Known relevant impurities	EU 2003 dossier - 4,5,7-trichloroquinoline
Substance origin	Synthetic
Mode of action	Systemic with protective properties, translocates and inhibits appressoria development stopping infections. Signal transduction
CAS RN	124495-18-7
EC number	-
CIPAC number	566
US EPA chemical code	055459
PubChem CID	3391107
Molecular mass (g mol-1)	308.13
PIN (Preferred Identification Name)	5,7-dichloro-4-(4-fluorophenoxy)quinoline
IUPAC name	5,7-dichloro-4-quinolyl 4-fluorophenyl ether
CAS name	5,7-dichloro-4-(4-fluorophenoxy)quinoline
Other status information	-
Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards	-
Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)	Not applicable
Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA)	Not applicable
Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)	Not applicable
Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)	13
Examples of recorded resistance	-
Physical state	Off-white solid
Related substances & organisms	propylene glycol cyproconazole fenpropimorph

Formulations:

Property	Value
Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically	Dow AgroSciences
Example products using this active	Apres Excelsior Fortress Orka Legend proxima
UK LERAP status	Buffer probably required in UK - see product label
Formulation and application details	Often supplied as a soluble concentrate that is mixed with water and used as a spray.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
for quinoxyfen

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1)		0.047	A5	Low
Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1)		9640	A5 - Hexane	-
		21500	A5 - Methanol	-
		272000	A5 - Toluene	-
		116000	A5 - Acetone	-
Melting point (oC)		103	A5	-
Boiling point (oC)		-	-	-
Degradation point (oC)		-	-	-
Flashpoint (oC)		Not expected to self ignite; Not highly flammable	A5	-
Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC	P	1.26 X 1005	Calculated	-
	Log P	5.1	A5	High
Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity		1.56	A5	-
Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC		Not applicable	A5	-
		Note: No dissociation
Vapour pressure at 20oC (mPa)		0.012	A5	Low volatility
Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1)		3.08 X 10-02	A5	Non-volatile
GUS leaching potential index		-0.90	Calculated	Low leachability
SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate	Value	5.35 X 10-03	Calculated	-
	Note	Estimated concentrations of chemicals with Koc values greater than 9995 ml g-1 are beyond the scope of the regression data used in SCI-GROW development. If there are concerns for such chemicals, a higher tier groundwater exposure assessment should be considered, regardless of the concentration returned by SCI-GROW
Potential for particle bound transport index		-	Calculated	High
Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1		Maxima at 298nm	A5	-
Surface tension (mN m-1)		-	-	-

Degradation:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
General biodegradability		-
Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)	DT50 (typical)	308	A5	Persistent
	DT50 (lab at 20oC)	308	A5	Persistent
	DT50 (field)	169.3	A5	Persistent
	DT90 (lab at 20oC)	-	-	-
	DT90 (field)	2270	A5	-
	DT50 modelling endpoint	-	-	-
	Note	EU 2017 lab studies DT50 range 110-560 days, Soils = 12, Field studies DT50 range 14.7-588 days, DT90 range 391 - >10,000 days, Soils =10; EU 2003 dossier Lab studies DT50 range 224-508 days, field study DT50 range 13-190 days (EU), DT90 range 380-750 days
Dissipation rate RL50 on plant matrix	Value	-	-	-
	Note	-
Dissipation rate RL50 on and in plant matrix	Value	7.2	R3	-
	Note	Grape berries, n=1
Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7	Value	0.8	A5	Fast
	Note	-
Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7	Value	Stable	A5	-
	Note	pH and temperature sensitive: DT50 75 days at pH 5 and 25 degC, 7 days at pH 5 and 50 degC, stable pH 7 and pH 9
Water-sediment DT50 (days)		127	A5	Slow
Water phase only DT50 (days)		5	A5	Moderately fast

Soil adsorption and mobility:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Linear	Kd	-	-	-
	Koc	-
	Notes and range	-
Freundlich	Kf	-	A4	Non-mobile
	Kfoc	22929
	1/n	-
	Notes and range	EU Dossier Kfoc range 18339 – 28897 mL/g
pH sensitivity		-

Key metabolites:

Metabolite		Formation medium	Estimated maximum occurrence fraction	1107/2009 relevancy
3-hydroxy-quinoxyfen (Ref: 3-OH DE-795)		Soil	0.270	Major fraction; Not significant

Other known metabolites:

Metabolite name and reference	Aliases	Formation medium / Rate	Estimated maximum occurrence fraction	Metabolising enzymes
5,7-dichloro-4-(4-fluorophenoxy)quinoline-N-oxide	DE-795 n-oxide; quinoxyfen n-oxide	-	-	-
4-fluorophenol	-	Animal; Plamt	-	-
5,7-dichloro-4-hydroxyquinoline Note: Minor metabolite	DCHQ	Soils (acidic)	0.064	-
2-chloro-10-fluoro[1]benzopyrano[2,3,4-de-quinoline	CFBPQ	Water (Photolysis)	-	-
5,7-dichloro-4-(4-fluorophenoxy)-2-oxo-quinoline	2-oxo DE-795; 2-oxoquinoxyfen	Plant; Soil (Aerobic)	-	-

ECOTOXICOLOGY
for quinoxyfen

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Bio-concentration factor	BCF (l kg-1)	5040	A5	High potential
	CT50 (days)	Not available		-
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1)		> 5000	A5 Rat	Low
Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL	(mg kg-1)	-	L3 Rat	-
	(ppm diet)	> 10		-
Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1)		> 2250	A5 Colinus virginianus	Low
Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50)		> 5620 mg kg feed-1	A5 Colinus virginianus	-
Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		0.27	A5 Oncorhynchus mykiss	Moderate
Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1)		0.014	A5 Oncorhynchus mykiss	Moderate
Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1)		0.08	A5 Daphnia magna	High
Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1)		0.028	A5 Daphnia magna	Moderate
Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1)		0.128	A5 Chironomus riparius, emergence	Moderate
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1)		0.548	A5 Chironomus riparius	Moderate
Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1)		1.85	F4 Lemna gibba	Moderate
Non-target plants		-	-	-
		-	-	-
Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1)		0.027	A4 Raphidocelis subcapitata, 120 hour	Moderate
Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1)		0.026	Q2 Unknown species	Moderate
Honeybees	Contact acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1)	> 100	A5	Low
	Oral acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1)	> 100	A5	Low
	Unknown mode acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1)	-	-	-
Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1)		> 923	A5 Eisenia foetida	Moderate
Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1)		2.67	A5 Eisenia foetida	Moderate
Other soil macro-organisms - e.g. Collembola	LR50 / EC50 / NOEC / % Effect	-	-	-
Other arthropod (1)	LR50 g ha-1	-	-	-
	% Effect	63 -85	Mortality Parasitism Dose: Not stated A4 Aphidius rhopalosiphi, adult	-
Other arthropod (2)	LR50 g ha-1	-	-	-
	% Effect	-93.3	Beneficial capacity Dose: Not stated A4 Typhlodromus pyri, adult	-
Soil micro-organisms		Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect	A5 Dose: 5.3 mg kg-1 soil	-
Mesocosm study data	NOEAEC mg l-1	-	-	-
	NOEAEC mg l-1	-	-	-

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
for quinoxyfen

General:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)		High (class III)	-	-
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1)		> 5000	A5 Rat	Low
Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight)		> 2000	A5 Rat	-
Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1)		2.38	A5 Rat	-
Other Mammal toxicity endpoints		-		-
ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.2	A5 Dog, SF=100	-
ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1)		None allocated	A5	-
AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg-1 bw day-1)		-	-	-
AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.14	A4 Dog, 1 year, SF=100	-
Dermal penetration studies (%)		10.0	A5	-
Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464		-	-	-
Exposure Limits		-	-	-
Exposure Routes	Public	No unacceptable risks to bystanders identified
	Occupational	No unacceptable risks to operators or other workers identified
European MRLs		Click here for the EU MRL pesticide database
Drinking Water Standards		-	-	-
Drinking Water MAC (μg l-1)		-	-	-

Health issues:

Carcinogen	Mutagen	Endocrine disrupter	Reproduction / development effects	Cholinesterase inhibitor	Neurotoxicant
	-	-
Respiratory tract irritant	Skin irritant	Skin sensitiser	Eye irritant	Phototoxicant
-				-
General human health issues		Possible liver, kidney and blood toxicant

: Yes, known to cause a problem
: No, known not to cause a problem
: Possibly, status not identified
- : No data found

Handling issues:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
General		Not explosive or oxidising IMDG Transport Code is usually 9
CLP classification 2013		Health: H317 Environment: H400, H410
EC Risk Classification		Xn - Harmful: R43 N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53
EC Safety Classification		S2, S24, S37, S46, S60, S61
WHO Classification		U	-	Unlikely to present an acute hazard
US EPA Classification (formulation)		No consensus across products or no products available	-	-
UN Number		3082
Waste disposal & packaging		Packaging Group III (minor danger)

TRANSLATIONS
for quinoxyfen

Language	Name
English	quinoxyfen
French	quinoxyfen
German	Quinoxyfen
Danish	quinoxyfen
Italian	quinoxifen
Spanish	quinoxifen
Greek	quinoxyfen
Slovenian	kinoxifen
Polish	quinoxyfen
Swedish	-
Hungarian	quinoxifen
Dutch	quinoxyfen

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Record last updated: Wednesday 03 April 2019
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk