benfuracarb ** OK 174 ** aminofuracarb ** Translations

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SUMMARY

Benfuracarb is a carbamate insecticide and nematicide that does not have EU regulatory approval for use. It has a low aqueous solubility, is relatively volatile and is not expected to leach to groundwater. It is not persistent in soil or water systems. It has a moderate mammalian toxicity with a low bioaccumulation potential. It is highly toxic to most aquatic organisms, birds and honeybees but slightly less so to earthworms.

GENERAL INFORMATION
for benfuracarb

Description: An insecticide and nematicide used to control aphids, springtails and other pests usually on beet crops

Example pests controlled: Diamond back moth; Aphids; Cockroaches; Grain beetle; Springtails; Wireworms; Rootworms; Loopers; Borers

Example applications: Sugarbeet; Maize; Potatoes; Rice; Citrus; Ornamentals

Availability status: Unknown

Introduction & key dates: 1984, UK, France and Spain

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):

Status	Not approved
Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur	Belgium
Date inclusion expires	Expired

Approved for use () or known to be used () in the following European countries:

AT

BE

BG

CY

CZ

DE

DK

EE

EL

ES

FI

FR

HR

HU

IE

IT

LT

LU

LV

MT

NL

PL

PT

RO

SE

SI

SK

UK

General status:

Pesticide type	Insecticide
Substance group	Carbamate
Minimum active substance purity	930 g/kg
Known relevant impurities	EU dossier - 1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) - < 4 g/kg
Substance origin	Synthetic
Mode of action	Systemic, stomach and contact action. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor.
CAS RN	82560-54-1
EC number	-
CIPAC number	501
US EPA chemical code	123201
Chiral molecule	No
Chemical formula	C20H30N2O5S
SMILES	O=C(OCC)CCN(SN(C(=O)Oc2cccc1c2OC(C1)(C)C)C)C(C)C
International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)	FYZBOYWSHKHDMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
International Chemical Identifier (InChI)	InChI=1S/C20H30N2O5S/c1-7-25-17(23)11-12-22(14(2)3)28-21(6)19(24)26-16-10-8-9-15-13-20(4,5)27-18(15)16/h8-10,14H,7,11-13H2,1-6H3
Structure diagram/image available?	Yes
Molecular mass (g mol-1)	410.53
PIN (Preferred Identification Name)	ethyl N-[2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yloxycarbonyl(methyl)aminothio]-N-isopropyl-beta-alaninate
IUPAC name	ethyl N-[2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yloxycarbonyl(methyl)aminothio]-N-isopropyl-β-alaninate
CAS name	2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl 2-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-7-oxo-8-oxa-3-thia-2,4-diazadecanoate
Other status information	Chemical subject to PIC regulations
Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)	Not applicable
Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA)	Not applicable
Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)	1A
Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)	Not applicable
Examples of recorded resistance	None recorded
Physical state	Pale yellow viscous oily liquid
Related substances & organisms	-

Formulations:

Property	Value
Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically	Nufarm
Example products using this active	Oncol 10G Alba Furacon Lonco Stamex
UK LERAP status	None
Formulation and application details	Usually supplied as granules which are applied directly to soil surface at planting.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
for benfuracarb

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1)		8.4	A4	Low
Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1)		1000000	A5 - Acetone	-
		1000000	A5 - Methanol	-
		1000000	A5 - Hexane	-
		1000000	A5 - Xylene	-
Melting point (oC)		Not applicable	Q3	-
Boiling point (oC)		Decomposes before boiling	A5	-
Degradation point (oC)		200	A5	-
Flashpoint (oC)		154.5	A5	-
Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC	P	1.66 X 1004	Calculated	-
	Log P	4.22	A5	High
Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity		1.15	A5	-
Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC		Not applicable	A5	-
		Note: No dissociation
Vapour pressure at 25oC (mPa)		0.0042	A5	Low volatility
Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1)		2.10 X 10-04	A5	Non-volatile
Henry's law constant at 20oC (dimensionless)		8.43 X 10-08	Calculated	Non-volatile
GUS leaching potential index		-0.02	Calculated	Low leachability
SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate	Value	8.32 X 10-06	Calculated	-
	Note	-
Potential for particle bound transport index		-	Calculated	Low
Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1		Maxima 277.5-281. nm = 3360, 290nm = 614, pH has little impact on spectra	A5	-
Surface tension (mN m-1)		52.4	A5 at 20 oC	-

Degradation:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)	DT50 (typical)	0.5	A5	Non-persistent
	DT50 (lab at 20oC)	0.42	A5	Non-persistent
	DT50 (field)	4.9	B4	Non-persistent
	DT90 (lab at 20oC)	5.23	A5	-
	DT90 (field)	47.8	A4	-
	Note	EU dossier lab DT50 range 0.23-1.17d, DT90 range 0.85-20.0 days, field studies DT50 range 3-5 days (Japan), DT90 range 4.4-91 days
Plant matrix DT50 (days)	Value	4.3	R4	-
	Note	DT50 range 3.9 - 4.7 days, eggplant, fruit
Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7	Value	1.3	A5	Moderately fast
	Note	DT50: 15.6 days irradiated river water, 4.7 days dark river water, 15.3 hrs irradiated pure water and 30.4 hrs dark pure water
Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7	Value	1.4	A5	Non-persistent
	Note	pH sensitive: DT50 0.5 hr at pH 4, 26.9 days at pH 9
Water-sediment DT50 (days)		0.4	A5	Fast
Water phase only DT50 (days)		-	-	-

Soil adsorption and mobility:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Linear	Kd	-	A4	Non-mobile
	Koc	9100
	Notes and range	-
Freundlich	Kf	-	-	-
	Kfoc	-
	1/n	-
	Notes and range	-
pH sensitivity		No

Key metabolites:

Metabolite		Formation medium	Estimated maximum occurrence fraction	91/414 relevancy
carbofuran (Ref: OMS 864)		Soil	0.846	Major fraction, Relevant
3-ketocarbofuran		Soil	0.08	Minor fraction, Relevant
3-hydroxycarbofuran		Soil	0.10	Minor fraction, Relevant

Other known metabolites:

Metabolite name and reference	Aliases	Formation medium / Rate	Estimated maximum occurrence fraction	Metabolising enzymes
2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3,7-diol Note: Rat LD50 oral = 1654 mg kg-1	3-hydroxy-carbofuran phenol	Animal; Plant	-	-
7-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-3(2H)-one Note: Rat LD50 oral > 800 mg kg-1	3-keto-carbofuran phenol	-	-	-
2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-ol	carbofuran-phenol	Sediment;	-	-

ECOTOXICOLOGY
for benfuracarb

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Bio-concentration factor	BCF (l kg-1)	90	A5 Whole fish	Low potential
	CT50 (days)	0.44		-
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1)		205	A5 Rat	Moderate
Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL	(mg kg-1)	1	A5 Rat	High
	(ppm diet)	-		-
Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1)		19.8	A5 Anas platyrhynchos	High
Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50)		195 mg kg feed-1	A5 Anas platyrhynchos	-
Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		0.038	A5 Oncorhynchus mykiss	High
Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1)		0.01	A5 Daphnia magna	High
Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		0.0041	A4 Chironomus riparius, EC50	High
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1)		0.001	A5 Chironomus riparius	High
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1)		-	-	-
Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Non-target plants		-	-	-
		-	-	-
Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1)		2.2	A5 Raphidocelis subcapitata	Moderate
Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Honeybees	Contact acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1)	0.19	A5	High
	Oral acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1)	2.1	A5	Moderate
	Unknown mode acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1)	-	-	-
Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1)		29	A5 Eisenia foetida, corr	Moderate
Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1)		-	-	-
Other soil macro-organisms - e.g. Collembola	LR50 / EC50 / NOEC / % Effect	-	-	-
Other arthropod (1)	LR50 g ha-1	9.3	LD50 A5 Aphidius rhopalosiphi, adult	-
	% Effect	-	-	-
Other arthropod (2)	LR50 g ha-1	9.2	LD50 A5 Typhlodromus pyri, protonymph	-
	% Effect	-	-	-
Soil micro-organisms		-	-	-
Mesocosm study data	NOEAEC mg l-1	-	-	-
	NOEAEC mg l-1	-	-	-

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
for benfuracarb

General:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)		High (class III)	-	-
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1)		205	A5 Rat	Moderate
Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight)		> 2000	A5 Rat	-
Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1)		0.344	A5 Rat, 4 hr (nose only)	-
Other Mammal toxicity endpoints		-		-
ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.01	A5 Dog, SF=100	-
ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.02	A5 Rat, SF=100	-
AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.01	A2 Dog, SF=100	-
Dermal penetration studies (%)		100	A3 default	-
Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464		-	-	-
Exposure Limits		-	-	-
Exposure Routes	Public	No unacceptable risks to bystanders identified for expected pattern of use
	Occupational	-
European MRLs		Click here for the EU MRL pesticide database
Drinking Water MAC (μg l-1)		-	-	-

Health issues:

Carcinogen	Mutagen	Endocrine disrupter	Reproduction / development effects	Cholinesterase inhibitor	Neurotoxicant
	-
Respiratory tract irritant	Skin irritant	Skin sensitiser	Eye irritant	Phototoxicant
-		-		-
General human health issues		No further information required

: Yes, known to cause a problem
: No, known not to cause a problem
: Possibly, status not identified
- : No data found

Handling issues:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
General		Not explosive or oxidising IMDG Transport Code is usually 6.1
CLP classification 2013		Health: H302, H331, H3361f Environment: H400, H410
EC Risk Classification		Reproduction risk category 3: R62 T - Toxic: R23 Xn - Harmful: R22 N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53
EC Safety Classification		S1/2, S36/37, S45, S60, S61
WHO Classification		II	-	Moderately hazardous
US EPA Classification (formulation)		No consensus across products or no products available	-	-
UN Number		Usually 2992
Waste disposal & packaging		Packaging Group III (minor danger)

TRANSLATIONS
for benfuracarb

Language	Name
English	benfuracarb
French	benfuracarbe
German	Benfuracarb
Danish	benfuracarb
Italian	benfuracarb
Spanish	benfuracarb
Greek	benfuracarb
Slovenian	benfurakarb
Polish	benfurakarb
Swedish	-
Hungarian	benfurakarb
Dutch	benfuracarb

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Record last updated: Saturday 13 August 2016
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk