Thiobencarb (Ref: IMC 3950)

Thiobencarb (Ref: IMC 3950)	Last updated: 25/05/2018
(Also known as: benthiocarb; bencarb)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

A pre-emergence and early post-emergence herbicide for weed control in paddy fields and other situations

Example pests controlled

Watergrass; Barnyardgrass; carb grass; False pimpernel; Foxtail; Goosegrass; Millet; Mexican weed; Morning glory; Pigweed; Spike rush; Yellow nutsedge; Junglerice; Cockspur

Example applications

Rice

Efficacy & activity

Rice/Weeds=High

Availability status

Current

Introduction & key dates

1970, first reported; 1969, first introduced Japan

UK regulatory status

UK COPR regulatory status

Not approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

Expired/Withdrawn

UK LERAP status

No UK approval for use

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Not approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Spain

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

Expired/Withdrawn

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece

ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg

LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia

Also used in

Chemical structure

Isomerism

Chemical formula

C₁₂H₁₆ClNOS

Canonical SMILES

CCN(CC)C(=O)SCC1=CC=C(C=C1)Cl

Isomeric SMILES

No data

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

QHTQREMOGMZHJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C12H16ClNOS/c1-3-14(4-2)12(15)16-9-10-5-7-11(13)8-6-10/h5-8H,3-4,9H2,1-2H3

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

General status

Pesticide type

Herbicide

Substance group

Thiocarbamate

Minimum active substance purity

930 g kg⁻¹

Known relevant impurities

EU dossier - None declared

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Selective. ACCase inhibitor - inhibition of lipid synthesis.

CAS RN

28249-77-6

EC number

248-924-5

CIPAC number

388

US EPA chemical code

108401

PubChem CID

34192

Molecular mass

257.8

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

S-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl] diethylcarbamothioate

IUPAC name

S-4-chlorobenzyl diethyl(thiocarbamate)

CAS name

S-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl] diethylcarbamothioate

Other status information

Chemical subject to PIC regulations; Marine pollutant

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)

Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA)

Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)

Not applicable

Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)

Not applicable

Examples of recorded resistance

Echinochloa crus-galli, Echinochloa oryzicola

Physical state

Colourless viscous liquid

Related substances & organisms

silica

bensulfuron-methyl

mefenacet

propanil

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

Saturn 90EC
Bolero
Abolish
Siacarb

Example products using this active

Kumiai
Valent
Chevron

Formulation and application details

Often supplied as emulsifiable concentrates or granules

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

16.7

Low

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

500000

n-Hexane

500000

Toluene

500000

Methanol

500000

Acetone

Melting point (°C)

Boiling point (°C)

326.6

Degradation point (°C)

Flashpoint (°C)

Not expected to self ignite; Not highly flammable

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

1.70 X 10⁰⁴

Calculated

Log P

4.23

High

Bulk density (g ml⁻¹)

1.16

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

Not applicable

No dissociation

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

2.39

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

3.68 X 10^-02

Non-volatile

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

Neutral solution: 221nm = 19006
Acidic solution: 220.5nm = 18888
Basic solution: 222nm = 18888

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

60.66

at 20°C 90% soln

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

Moderately persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

Non-persistent

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

466.5

Very persistent

DT₉₀ (field)

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

EU dossier lab studies DT₅₀ range 61-297 days, DT₉₀ range 140-987 days; Other sources: DT₅₀ 21 days (DW4)

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on plant matrix

Value

Note

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on and in plant matrix

Value

Note

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

Stable

Note

Not a significant degardation route

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

Stable

Note

Stable pH 5 to pH 9

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

94.9

Moderately fast

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

4.4

Moderately fast

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d

K_oc

Notes and range

Freundlich

K_f

30.98

Slightly mobile

K_foc

1062

¹/_n

0.76

Notes and range

K_f range 7.8-50.55, K_foc range 1176-2016 mL g⁻¹, ¹/_n range 0.685-0.831, OC range 0.4-3.9%, Soils=4

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

0.59

Calculated

Low leachability

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

2.42 X 10^-03

Calculated

Note

Potential for particle bound transport index

Medium

Calculated

Potential for loss via drain flow

Slightly mobile

Calculated

Other known metabolites

Metabolite name and reference

Aliases

Formation medium / Rate

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Metabolising enzymes

GC-ECD

Plant

4-chlorohipuric acid

Rat; Animal (Urinary)

4-chlorobenzoic acid

Rat; Animal (Faeces); Soil (Aerobic)

4-chlorobenzyl methyl sulfone

Rat; Animal (Tissue); Soil (Aerobic)

2-hydroxythiobencarb

Soil (Aerobic)

0.008

3-hydroxythiobencarb

Soil (Aerobic)

0.013

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

302

(Whole fish Other literature Log BCF range -2.0-3.5 (R3))

Threshold for concern

CT₅₀ (days)

0.3

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

560

Mouse

Moderate

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

> 8

Rat

High

(ppm diet)

> 125

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 2000

Colinus virginianus

Low

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

> 5000 mg kg feed⁻¹

Anas platyrhynchos

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.98

Cyprinidae

Moderate

Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

> 0.026

Pimephales promelas

Moderate

Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

1.1

Daphnia magna

Moderate

Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.072

Daphnia magna

Moderate

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.37

Americamysis bahia

Moderate

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

0.45

Chironomus riparius

Moderate

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

0.99

Lemna gibba

Moderate

Non-target plants

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

0.017

Raphidocelis subcapitata

Moderate

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 100

Low

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 100

Low

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other pollinators (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other pollinators (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

437

Eisenia foetida corr

Moderate

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

Other soil macro-organisms

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

60.0

Folsomia candida 28d

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Other arthropod (1)

LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

440

48 hour
Aphidius rhopalosiphi

% Effect

Other arthropod (2)

LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

3370

7 day
Typhlodromus pyri

% Effect

Soil micro-organisms

Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect
Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect

Dose: 5 x field rate

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

560

Mouse

Moderate

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

5000

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 2.43

Rat (nose only)

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.01

Rat SF=100

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.25

Rat SF=100

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.25

Rat 90 day SF=100

Dermal penetration studies (%)

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

Exposure Routes

Public

No unacceptable risks to bystanders identified

Occupational

No unacceptable risks to operators or other workers identified

European MRLs

EU MRL pesticide database

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

No data found

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

No data found

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

No data found

General human health issues

Moderately toxic
Possible liver and kidney toxicant

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

Not explosive

CLP classification 2013

Health: H302
Environment: H400, H410

EC Risk Classification

Xn - Harmful: R22
N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53

EC Safety Classification

S2, S60, S61

WHO Classification

II (Moderately hazardous)

UN Number

Usually 3082

Waste disposal & packaging

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

thiobencarb

French

thiobencarbe

German

Thiobencarb

Danish

thiobencarb

Italian

tiobencarb

Spanish

tiobencarb

Greek

Polish

tiobenkarb

Swedish

Hungarian

tiobenkarb

Dutch

thiobencarb

Record last updated:	25/05/2018
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242