| Bordeaux mixture |
 |
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GENERAL INFORMATION 
for Bordeaux mixture
Description: A copper sulfate/lime complex fungicide which also has some bactericide properties
Example pests controlled: Downy mildew; Damping-off; Powdery mildew: Fire blight; Leaf curl; Blackspot
Example applications: Vines; Fruit including apples, pears, olives, peaches, nectarines; Walnuts; ornamentals including roses; Non-agricultural situations including domestic gardons and allotments
Efficacy & activity: Copper based products have been shown to be affective against many fungal pathogens in field trials.
Availability status: Current
Introduction & key dates: 1885
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):
| Status | Approved |
| Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur | France/Germany |
| Date inclusion expires | 31/12/2025 |
| EU Candidate for substitution (CfS) | Yes - two 'Persistent-Bioaccumulative-Toxic' criteria |
| Listed in EU database | Yes |
Approved for use (
) or known to be used (
) in the following European countries: 
AT |
BE |
BG |
CY |
CZ |
DE |
DK |
EE |
EL |
ES |
FI |
FR |
HR |
HU |
IE |
IT |
LT |
LU |
LV |
MT |
NL |
PL |
PT |
RO |
SE |
SI |
SK |
UK |
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Chemical structure:
| Isomerism | None |
| Chemical formula | Ca3Cu4H6O22S4 H2O |
| Canonical SMILES | - |
| Isomeric SMILES | - |
| International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey) | - |
| International Chemical Identifier (InChI) | - |
| 2D structure diagram/image available? | No |
General status:
| Pesticide type | Fungicide, Bactericide | |
| Substance group | Inorganic compound | |
| Minimum active substance purity | >257 g/Kg total copper | |
| Known relevant impurities | EU 2018 dossier: May contain heavy metals including Pb, Cd, As, Ni, CO, Sb & Hg | |
| Substance origin | Synthetic | |
| Mode of action | Contact and protectant | |
| CAS RN | 8011-63-0 | |
| Alternative/old CAS RN | 1333-22-8 | |
| EC number | - | |
| CIPAC number | 44.604 | |
| US EPA chemical code | - | |
| PubChem CID | No data | |
| Molecular mass (g mol-1) | 860.5 | |
| PIN (Preferred Identification Name) | - | |
| IUPAC name | mix, with or without stabilising agents, of calcium hydroxide and copper(II) sulphate | |
| CAS name | bordeaux mixture | |
| Other status information | - | |
| Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards | - | |
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC) | Not applicable | |
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA) | Not applicable | |
| Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC) | Not applicable | |
| Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC) | M1 | |
| Examples of recorded resistance | - | |
| Physical state | Blue-green fine powder | |
| Related substances & organisms | ||
Formulations:
| Property |
Value | |||
| Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically |
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| Example products using this active |
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| UK LERAP status | None | |||
| Formulation and application details | Often supplied as a soluble concentrate which is mixed with water and applied as a spray to dry foliage. | |||
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
for Bordeaux mixture
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1) | 2.2 | A4 | Low | |
| Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1) | 9.6 | A5 - Toluene | - | |
| 9.8 | A5 - Dichloromethane | - | ||
| 9.8 | A5 - n-Hexane | - | ||
| 8.8 | A5 - Acetone | - | ||
| Melting point (oC) | 400 | A4 | - | |
| Boiling point (oC) | Decomposes before boiling | A5 | - | |
| Degradation point (oC) | 110 | A5 | - | |
| Flashpoint (oC) | Not expected to self ignite; Not highly flammable | A5 | - | |
| Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC | P | 2.75 X 1000 | Calculated | - |
| Log P | 0.44 | A3 | Low | |
| Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity | - | - | - | |
| Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC | Not applicable | A5 | - | |
| Note: No dissociation | ||||
| Vapour pressure at 20oC (mPa) | 3.40 X 10-10 | V2 - @ 25 degC | Low volatility | |
| Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1) | - | - | - | |
GUS leaching potential index  |
- | - | - | |
| SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate |
Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Potential for particle bound transport index |
- | - | - | |
| Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1 | Acidic soln: 205nm=5923, 250nm=3119, 800nm=70, 290nm=520, 295nm=398 | A5 | - | |
| Surface tension (mN m-1) | 68.9 | A5 | - | |
Degradation:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
General biodegradability | Not biodegradable |
| Soil degradation (days) (aerobic) | DT50 (typical) | 10000 | A2 | Very persistent |
| DT50 (lab at 20oC) | - | - | - | |
| DT50 (field) | - | - | - | |
| DT90 (lab at 20oC) | - | - | - | |
| DT90 (field) | - | - | - | |
| DT50 modelling endpoint | - | - | - | |
| Note | EU 2018 dossier: No degradation expected | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on plant matrix | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on and in plant matrix | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7 | Value | Stable | A5 | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7 | Value | Stable | A5 | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Water-sediment DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
| Water phase only DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
Soil adsorption and mobility:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Linear | Kd | - | - | - |
| Koc | - | |||
| Notes and range | - | |||
| Freundlich | Kf | - | - | - |
| Kfoc | - | |||
| 1/n | - | |||
| Notes and range | - | |||
| pH sensitivity | - | |||
ECOTOXICOLOGY
for Bordeaux mixture
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Bio-concentration factor | BCF (l kg-1) | Low risk | A5 Based on LogP < 3 | Low potential |
| CT50 (days) | - | - | ||
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 2000 | A5 Rat | Low | |
| Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL | (mg kg-1) | - | - | - |
| (ppm diet) | - | - | ||
| Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 616 | A5 Colinus virginianus as copper | Moderate | |
| Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50) | > 334.1 mg CU kg bw-1 day-1 | A5 Colinus virginianus | - | |
| Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | 21.39 | A5 Oncorhynchus mykiss | Moderate | |
| Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | 22.5 | A5 Oncorhynchus mykiss | Low | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1) | 1.87 | A5 Daphnia magna | Moderate | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | 0.02 | A5 Daphnia magna | Moderate | |
| Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1) | 0.145 | F1 Lemna minor, 7 day | Moderate | |
| Non-target plants | - | - | - | |
| - | - | - | ||
| Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1) | 0.041 | A5 Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata | Moderate | |
| Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Honeybees (Apis spp.) | Contact acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | > 25.2 | A5 Apis mellifera | Moderate |
| Oral acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | > 23.3 | A5 Apis mellifera | Moderate | |
| Unknown mode acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Bumblebees (Bombus spp.) | Contact acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - |
| - | ||||
| Oral acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| - | ||||
| Mason bees (Osmia spp.) | Contact acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - |
| Oral acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Other pollinators (1) | Acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect-1) | - | - | - |
| Mode of exposure | - | |||
| Other pollinators (2) | Acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect-1) | - | - | - |
| Mode of exposure | - | |||
| Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1) | > 195.5 | A5 | Moderate | |
| Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Other soil macro-organisms | Acute LC50 (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | Chronic NOEC (mg kg-1) | - | - | - |
| Other arthropod (1) | LR50 g ha-1 | 13200 | As Cu, Mortality A5 Typhlodromus pyri |
- |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Other arthropod (2) | LR50 g ha-1 | 14700 | As Cu, Mortality A5 Aphidius rhopalosiphi |
- |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Soil micro-organisms | Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect |
A5 Dose: 20 kg Cu/ha; 28 days |
- | |
| Mesocosm study data | NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - |
| NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - | |
HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
for Bordeaux mixture
General:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class) |
Not applicable | - | - | |
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 2000 | A5 Rat | Low | |
| Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight) | > 2000 | A5 Rat | - | |
| Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1) | 1.97 | A5 Rat, 4 hr (whole body) | - | |
| Other Mammal toxicity endpoints | - | - | ||
| ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1) | 0.15 | A5 Dog, SF=100 | - | |
| ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1) | None allocated | A5 | - | |
| AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg-1 bw day-1) | None allocated | A5 | - | |
| AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1) | 0.072 | A5 Rat | - | |
| Dermal penetration studies (%) | 1-9 | A5 concentration dependent | - | |
| Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464 | List II | - | - | |
| Exposure Routes | Public | Negligible risk to bystanders for proposed uses | ||
| Occupational | Acceptable risk to operators and workers for proposed uses with PPE/PPC | |||
| European MRLs | Click here for the EU MRL pesticide database | |||
| Drinking Water Standards | - | - | - | |
| Drinking Water MAC (μg l-1) | 2000 | EU Dir 89/778/EC limit as Cu; A5 | - | |
Health issues:
| Carcinogen | Genotoxic | Endocrine disrupter | Reproduction / development effects | Cholinesterase inhibitor | Neurotoxicant | |||
- |
A0; B0; C3; D0; E3 | - |
- |
- |
- |
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| Respiratory tract irritant | Skin irritant | Skin sensitiser | Eye irritant | Phototoxicant | ||||
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| General human health issues | No further information available | |||||||
| Key: Genotoxicity A: Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) B: DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) C: Gene mutation (EFSA database) D: Genome mutation (EFSA database) E: Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 0: No data 1: Positive 2: Mixed/ambiguous results 3: Negative |
Key: Other : Yes, known to cause a problem  : No, known not to cause a problem  : Possibly, status not identified - : No data found |
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Handling issues:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| General |
Not explosive or oxidising | |||
| CLP classification 2013 | Health: H318, H332 | |||
| EC Risk Classification |
Xn - Harmful: R20, R41 N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53 |
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| EC Safety Classification |
- | |||
| WHO Classification | II | - | Moderately hazardous | |
| UN Number | - | |||
| Waste disposal & packaging |
- | |||
TRANSLATIONS
for Bordeaux mixture
| Language | Name |
| English | Bordeaux mixture |
| French | Bouillie bordelaise |
| German | Bordeauxbrühe |
| Danish | bordeauxvæske |
| Italian | poltiglia bordolese |
| Spanish | cobre de sulfato tribeisico |
| Greek | - |
| Slovenian | Bordojska mesanica |
| Polish | mieszanina Bordeaux |
| Swedish | - |
| Hungarian | Bordeau |
| Dutch | - |
Record last updated: Wednesday 26 June 2019
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk