Lower emissions of ammonia
Lower emissions of ammonia from slurry spreading
Increase infiltration of slurry into the soil
Irrigate field with water after slurry application
Use mechanical separation to remove solids from slurry
Dilute slurry with water
Keep ammonia in solution within slurry
Decrease the pH of slurry
Add acid to slurry
Increase the amount of ammonium-N that is bound to soil particles
Increase the degree of contact between the slurry applied and the soil
Use injection to spread slurry
Rapid incorporation of FYM and slurry into the soil (24 hours at the latest, preferably within 6 hours of application)
Decrease surface area of slurry that has been applied to land
Use injection to spread slurry
Rapid incorporation of FYM and slurry into the soil (24 hours at the latest, preferably within 6 hours of application)
Use band spreader / trailing shoe to spread slurry
Lower emissions of ammonia from slurry stores
Place covers over slurry stores
Lower emissions of ammonia from poultry housing
Remove ammonia from ventilated houses
Equip pig housing with air scrubbers or filters
Equip poultry housing with air scrubbers or filters
Keep poultry litter/manure dry
Reduce water spillages in poultry housing
Regular cleaning of manure belts to prevent build up of droppings
Provide adequate litter to soak up liquid in droppings
Reduce leaks and drips from poultry drinkers
Decrease the amount of nitrogen excreted by poultry
Reduce protein content of poultry diet
Lower emissions of ammonia from fertilisers
Reduce the use of urea as a fertiliser
Increase recapture of ammonia
Apply fertilisers and manures under the growing canopy of the crop
Avoid the use of ammonium sulphate on alkaline soils (>pH 7)
Rapid incorporation of urea into the soil
Slow down the breakdown process of urea
Use urease inhibitors