Reduce flooding Reduce overland flow (by barrier) Minimal tillage
Zero tillage
Create grassed strips within arable fields Create beetle banks
Maintain vegetative cover on fields Undersow crops
Create grassed waterways within arable fields
Convert arable land to extensive grassland
Arable land is sown with a crop within 10 days of having been prepared as a seedbed
Cover crop after harvest through the winter
Over-wintered stubbles
Reduce sediment load in watercourses Reduce soil erosion from arable fields Increase soil organic matter on arable land Incorporate crop residues Minimal tillage
Zero tillage
Do not burn crop residues
Include a grass/clover ley during the rotation
Incorporation of FYM into arable land
Reduce soil organic carbon oxidation on arable land Convert grassland to arable (by ploughing)
Zero tillage
Minimal tillage
Drain and cultivate peat soils
Decrease surface run-off / increase infiltration Arable land is left with a rough surface following operations such as ploughing, discing or tine cultivation
Improve soil structure on grassland Undertake mechanical field operations on grassland when the soil is waterlogged
Increase soil organic matter on grassland
Loosen compacted soil layers on grassland
Avoid mechanical field operations on grassland when the soil is waterlogged
Loosen compacted soil layers on arable land Shallow spiking, slitting or subsoiling
Reduce soil compaction Avoid tramlines over winter
Use low ground pressure tyres/wheels on machinery
Zero tillage
Undertake mechanical field operations on arable land when the soil is waterlogged
Avoid mechanical field operations on arable land when the soil is waterlogged
Reduced poaching by livestock Regularly change the position of supplementary feeders
Reduce overflows from livestock water troughs Ball-valves on livestock water troughs are damaged and/or not correctly set
Ensure ball-valves on livestock water troughs are not damaged and are correctly set
Avoid unsuitable supplementary feeding
Reduce livestock stocking rates
Prevent / reduce the creation of flow pathways Avoid tramlines over winter
Tramlines run across slopes where practical not down slopes leading to a watercourse
Cultivate and drill across the slope
Reduce topsoil saturation (waterlogging) Install artificial sub-surface drains
Increase in earthworm population Minimal tillage
Reduce soil compaction Avoid tramlines over winter
Use low ground pressure tyres/wheels on machinery
Zero tillage
Undertake mechanical field operations on arable land when the soil is waterlogged
Avoid mechanical field operations on arable land when the soil is waterlogged
Reduced poaching by livestock Regularly change the position of supplementary feeders
Reduce overflows from livestock water troughs Ball-valves on livestock water troughs are damaged and/or not correctly set
Ensure ball-valves on livestock water troughs are not damaged and are correctly set
Avoid unsuitable supplementary feeding
Reduce livestock stocking rates
Zero tillage
Improve soil structure on arable land Minimal tillage
Zero tillage
Undertake mechanical field operations on arable land when the soil is waterlogged
Loosen compacted soil layers on arable land Shallow spiking, slitting or subsoiling
Avoid mechanical field operations on arable land when the soil is waterlogged
Increase soil organic matter on arable land Incorporate crop residues Minimal tillage
Zero tillage
Do not burn crop residues
Include a grass/clover ley during the rotation
Incorporation of FYM into arable land
Reduce soil organic carbon oxidation on arable land Convert grassland to arable (by ploughing)
Zero tillage
Minimal tillage
Drain and cultivate peat soils
Cover crop after harvest through the winter
Reduce overland flow (by barrier) Minimal tillage
Zero tillage
Create grassed strips within arable fields Create beetle banks
Maintain vegetative cover on fields Undersow crops
Create grassed waterways within arable fields
Convert arable land to extensive grassland
Arable land is sown with a crop within 10 days of having been prepared as a seedbed
Cover crop after harvest through the winter
Over-wintered stubbles
Ensure all stock tracks are well-drained and sited away from watercourses
Locate out-wintered stock and sacrifice areas away from watercourses
Trap and prevent pollutants or sediment reaching watercourses Create, extend or enhance riparian vegetation Dredging or spoil must be levelled along the bank and the bankside vegetation re-established by natural regeneration
Dredging or spoil is not levelled along the bank and the bankside vegetation is destroyed
Reduced soil erosion from grassland or grazed fields Reduced poaching by livestock Regularly change the position of supplementary feeders
Reduce overflows from livestock water troughs Ball-valves on livestock water troughs are damaged and/or not correctly set
Ensure ball-valves on livestock water troughs are not damaged and are correctly set
Avoid unsuitable supplementary feeding
Reduce livestock stocking rates
Decrease surface run-off / increase infiltration Arable land is left with a rough surface following operations such as ploughing, discing or tine cultivation
Improve soil structure on grassland Undertake mechanical field operations on grassland when the soil is waterlogged
Increase soil organic matter on grassland
Loosen compacted soil layers on grassland
Avoid mechanical field operations on grassland when the soil is waterlogged
Loosen compacted soil layers on arable land Shallow spiking, slitting or subsoiling
Reduce soil compaction Avoid tramlines over winter
Use low ground pressure tyres/wheels on machinery
Zero tillage
Undertake mechanical field operations on arable land when the soil is waterlogged
Avoid mechanical field operations on arable land when the soil is waterlogged
Reduced poaching by livestock Regularly change the position of supplementary feeders
Reduce overflows from livestock water troughs Ball-valves on livestock water troughs are damaged and/or not correctly set
Ensure ball-valves on livestock water troughs are not damaged and are correctly set
Avoid unsuitable supplementary feeding
Reduce livestock stocking rates
Prevent / reduce the creation of flow pathways Avoid tramlines over winter
Tramlines run across slopes where practical not down slopes leading to a watercourse
Cultivate and drill across the slope
Reduce topsoil saturation (waterlogging) Install artificial sub-surface drains
Increase in earthworm population Minimal tillage
Reduce soil compaction Avoid tramlines over winter
Use low ground pressure tyres/wheels on machinery
Zero tillage
Undertake mechanical field operations on arable land when the soil is waterlogged
Avoid mechanical field operations on arable land when the soil is waterlogged
Reduced poaching by livestock Regularly change the position of supplementary feeders
Reduce overflows from livestock water troughs Ball-valves on livestock water troughs are damaged and/or not correctly set
Ensure ball-valves on livestock water troughs are not damaged and are correctly set
Avoid unsuitable supplementary feeding
Reduce livestock stocking rates
Zero tillage
Improve soil structure on arable land Minimal tillage
Zero tillage
Undertake mechanical field operations on arable land when the soil is waterlogged
Loosen compacted soil layers on arable land Shallow spiking, slitting or subsoiling
Avoid mechanical field operations on arable land when the soil is waterlogged
Increase soil organic matter on arable land Incorporate crop residues Minimal tillage
Zero tillage
Do not burn crop residues
Include a grass/clover ley during the rotation
Incorporation of FYM into arable land
Reduce soil organic carbon oxidation on arable land Convert grassland to arable (by ploughing)
Zero tillage
Minimal tillage
Drain and cultivate peat soils
Cover crop after harvest through the winter
Vulnerable river banks protected Restrict livestock access to watercourses
Construct livestock crossings for watercourses regularly used by livestock
Decrease surface run-off / increase infiltration Arable land is left with a rough surface following operations such as ploughing, discing or tine cultivation
Improve soil structure on grassland Undertake mechanical field operations on grassland when the soil is waterlogged
Increase soil organic matter on grassland
Loosen compacted soil layers on grassland
Avoid mechanical field operations on grassland when the soil is waterlogged
Loosen compacted soil layers on arable land Shallow spiking, slitting or subsoiling
Reduce soil compaction Avoid tramlines over winter
Use low ground pressure tyres/wheels on machinery
Zero tillage
Undertake mechanical field operations on arable land when the soil is waterlogged
Avoid mechanical field operations on arable land when the soil is waterlogged
Reduced poaching by livestock Regularly change the position of supplementary feeders
Reduce overflows from livestock water troughs Ball-valves on livestock water troughs are damaged and/or not correctly set
Ensure ball-valves on livestock water troughs are not damaged and are correctly set
Avoid unsuitable supplementary feeding
Reduce livestock stocking rates
Prevent / reduce the creation of flow pathways Avoid tramlines over winter
Tramlines run across slopes where practical not down slopes leading to a watercourse
Cultivate and drill across the slope
Reduce topsoil saturation (waterlogging) Install artificial sub-surface drains
Increase in earthworm population Minimal tillage
Reduce soil compaction Avoid tramlines over winter
Use low ground pressure tyres/wheels on machinery
Zero tillage
Undertake mechanical field operations on arable land when the soil is waterlogged
Avoid mechanical field operations on arable land when the soil is waterlogged
Reduced poaching by livestock Regularly change the position of supplementary feeders
Reduce overflows from livestock water troughs Ball-valves on livestock water troughs are damaged and/or not correctly set
Ensure ball-valves on livestock water troughs are not damaged and are correctly set
Avoid unsuitable supplementary feeding
Reduce livestock stocking rates
Zero tillage
Improve soil structure on arable land Minimal tillage
Zero tillage
Undertake mechanical field operations on arable land when the soil is waterlogged
Loosen compacted soil layers on arable land Shallow spiking, slitting or subsoiling
Avoid mechanical field operations on arable land when the soil is waterlogged
Increase soil organic matter on arable land Incorporate crop residues Minimal tillage
Zero tillage
Do not burn crop residues
Include a grass/clover ley during the rotation
Incorporation of FYM into arable land
Reduce soil organic carbon oxidation on arable land Convert grassland to arable (by ploughing)
Zero tillage
Minimal tillage
Drain and cultivate peat soils
Cover crop after harvest through the winter