Reduced excess nitrogen accumulation in grassland soils
Apply nitrogen in excess of grassland requirements
Solid poultry manure used on grassland farms that does not have bedding mixed into it is covered with an impermeable material
Do not locate field manure heaps on grassland in the same place as an earlier one constructed within the last two years
Do not locate field manure heaps in any single position on grassland for more than 12 consecutive months
Restrict applications of nutrients to grassland when plant uptake is low
Reduce manure / urine deposition in fields
Reduce manure production
Increase number of ruminant livestock
Convert arable land to extensive grassland
Reduce livestock stocking rates
Reduce the length of the grazing day or grazing season
Reduce nutrient inputs to grassland
Do not use manufactured nitrogen fertiliser
Place limits the amount of nitrogen applied to grassland
Accurate application of nutrients to grassland
Accurate calculation of nutrient requirements of grass/forage crops
Calibrate fertiliser spreader used on grassland
Regular soil nutrient testing on grassland
Accurate spreading of fertiliser on grassland
Accurate calculation of nutrients available in livestock manure used on grassland
Accurate application of nutrients to grassland
Accurate calculation of nutrient requirements of grass/forage crops
Calibrate fertiliser spreader used on grassland
Regular soil nutrient testing on grassland
Accurate spreading of fertiliser on grassland
Accurate calculation of nutrients available in livestock manure used on grassland
Increase vegetative uptake of nutrients by grassland
Improve soil structure on grassland
Undertake mechanical field operations on grassland when the soil is waterlogged
Increase soil organic matter on grassland
Loosen compacted soil layers on grassland
Avoid mechanical field operations on grassland when the soil is waterlogged