Theophylline
Last updated: 17/08/2023
(Also known as: armophylline; elixophylline; pseudotheophylline)
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate
Ecotoxicity
Human health
 
Drug used to relieve breathing problems related to heart failure, pulmonary edema, bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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1888, first isolated
Cat, Dogs
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C₇H₈N₄O₂
CN1C2=C(C(=O)N(C1=O)C)NC=N2
No data
ZFXYFBGIUFBOJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C7H8N4O2/c1-10-5-4(8-3-9-5)6(12)11(2)7(10)13/h3H,1-2H3,(H,8,9)
Yes
Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre diagrams
Common Name
Relationship
Link
theophylline
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Muscle relaxant, Bronchodilator, Medicinal drug
Methylxanthine
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Synthetic
Works by inhibiting cellular enzymes promoting the dilation of smooth muscle in bronchial tubes and blood vessels.
[Adenosine A1 receptor, antagonist], [Adenosine A2a receptor, antagonist], [Adenosine A2b receptor, anatgonist], [cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B, antagonist], [cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase, antagonist], [cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A, antagonist], [cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A, antagonist]
58-55-9
200-385-7
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QR03DA04
Respiratory system: Drugs for obstructive airway diseases
No
No data
180.16
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1,3-dimethyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione
1,3-dimethyl-2,6-dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropurine
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White crystalline powder
Corvental D 100 mg hard capsules
Novartis Animal Health
UK National authorisation
Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V)
Corvental D 500 mg hard capsules
Novartis Animal Health
UK National authorisation
Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V)
Corvental D 200 mg hard capsules
Novartis Animal Health
UK National authorisation
Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V)
Usually supplied in tablet or capsule form for oral administration
7360
High
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272
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9.55 X 10-01
Calculated
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-0.02
Low
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8.81
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6.81 X 10-04
Low volatility
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Soil adsorption and mobility
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Known soil and groundwater metabolites
None
1-methylxanthine
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Human (Liver)
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Cytochrome P450 1A2
3-methylxanthine
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Human (Liver)
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Cytochrome P450 1A2
1,3-dimethyluric acid
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Human (Liver)
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Cytochrome P450 2E1
Terrestrial ecotoxicology
225
E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 3 = Unverified data of known source
Rat
Moderate
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> 100
E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 3 = Unverified data of known source
Leuciscus idus
Low
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178
E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 3 = Unverified data of known source
Daphnia magna
Low
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-
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> 100
E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 3 = Unverified data of known source
Scenedesmus subspicatus
Low
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HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
High (class III)
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225
E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 3 = Unverified data of known source
Rat
Moderate
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Subcutaneous LD₅₀ = 325 mg kg⁻¹
Rat
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Intraperitoneal LD₅₀ = 150 mg kg⁻¹
Rat
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Extensively metabolised in the liver, only 10% excreted unchanged in the urine
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source
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Carcinogen
Endocrine disruptor
No data found
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data
; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data
; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data
; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data
; E1 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 1 = Positive
No data found
Reproduction / development effects
Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor
Neurotoxicant
No data found
No data found
✓Yes, known to cause a problem
Respiratory tract irritant
Skin irritant
Skin sensitiser
✓Yes, known to cause a problem
✓Yes, known to cause a problem
No data found
Eye irritant
Phototoxicant
 
✓Yes, known to cause a problem
No data found
 
Possible kidney toxicant May cause vomiting
IMDG Transport Hazard Class 6.1
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Not listed (Not listed)
UN1544
Packaging Group III (minor danger)
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theophylline
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Record last updated:
17/08/2023
Contact:
aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal , 22 (4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242