Pyraclofos (Ref: OMS 3040)

Pyraclofos (Ref: OMS 3040)	Last updated: 01/09/2023
(Also known as: TIA 230)

Data alerts

The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.

Environmental fate	Ecotoxicity	Human health
Environmental fate High alert: Potential for particle bound transport: High	Ecotoxicity High alert: Fish acute ecotoxicity: High; Bees acute contact ecotoxicity: High Warning: Significant data are missing	Human health Moderate alert: Mammals acute toxicity: Moderate; Reproduction/development effects; Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor; Neurotoxicant

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

Substance used for treating animals infected with internal and external parasites such as helminths, nematodes, ticks and others

Availability status

Introduction & key dates

1989, Japan

Examples of species treated

Cattle, Horses, Sheep, Pigs, Poultry, Domestic pets

Chemical structure

Isomerism

A molecule with one chiral centre resulting in a pair of enantiomers: S-(+)- and R-(−)-pyraclofos

Chemical formula

C₁₄H₁₈ClN₂O₃PS

Canonical SMILES

CCCSP(=O)(OCC)OC1=CN(N=C1)C2=CC=C(C=C2)Cl

Isomeric SMILES

No data

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

QHGVXILFMXYDRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C14H18ClN2O3PS/c1-3-9-22-21(18,19-4-2)20-14-10-16-17(11-14)13-7-5-12(15)6-8-13/h5-8,10-11H,3-4,9H2,1-2H3

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

General status

Veterinary substance type

Antiparasitic, Insecticide

Substance groups

Organophosphate insecticide; Orgnothiophosphate insecticide; Phenylpyrazole insecticide

Minimum active substance purity

Known relevant impurities

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Respiratory, contact and stomach action. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.

Molecular targets

[Cholinesterase, inhibitor]

CAS RN

89784-60-1

Alternative/old CAS RN

77458-01-6

EC number

618-301-6

CIPAC number

None allocated

US EPA chemical code

PubChem CID

93460

CLP index number

No data found

ATCvet Code

Therapeutic Class

Controlled Drug?

Regulation 37/2010 MRL Classification

No data

Molecular mass

360.8

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

IUPAC name

(RS)-[O-1-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrazol-4-yl O-ethyl S-propyl phosphorothioate]

CAS name

O-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl] O-ethyl S-propyl phosphorothioate

Other status information

Evidence of use in third world countries; PAN listed Highly Hazardous Chemical

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Physical state

Pale yellow oil

Formulations

Property

Product

Manufacturer

Authorisation Route

UK Legal Class

Example products using this active

Coopers Colleague Broad Spectrum Sheep & Lamb Drench

Schering-Plough Animal Health

No UK authorisation for use with animals

Not applicable

Formulation and application details

Available in a variety of formulations including emulsifiable concentrates, granules and wettable powders.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

Low

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

Miscible

Acetone

Miscible

Ethanol

Miscible

Methanol

Melting point (°C)

Not applicable

Boiling point (°C)

454

Degradation point (°C)

Flashpoint (°C)

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

5.89 X 10⁰³

Calculated

Log P

3.77

High

Fat solubility of residues

Solubility

Data type

Density (g ml⁻¹)

1.271

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

1.60 X 10^-03

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

1.75 X 10^-05

Non-volatile

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

Refractive Index

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

Moderately persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

DT₅₀ (field)

Moderately persistent

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

DT₉₀ (field)

Note

Best available data

Manure DT₅₀ (days)

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

Note

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

Non-persistent

Note

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d

Slightly mobile

K_oc

2095

Notes and range

Estimated

Freundlich

K_f

K_foc

¹/_n

Notes and range

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

1.15

Calculated

Low leachability

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

CT₅₀ (days)

Known soil and groundwater metabolites

None

Other known metabolites

Metabolite name and reference

Aliases

Formation medium / Rate

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Metabolising enzymes

1-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrazol-4-yl-beta-D-glcopyranoside

Plant

des-S-propylpyraclofos

Rat (Urine, Faecal)

O-ethyl-S-propyl-phosphorothioate

Rat (Urine)

monoethylphosphate

Rat (Urine)

1-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrazol-4-yl-6-O-malonyl-beta-D-glcopyranoside

Plant

0.51

1-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrazo-4-yl sulfate

Rat (Urine)

0.7

desethylpyraclofos

Rat (Urine, Faecal)

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Terrestrial ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

237

Rat

Moderate

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

0.1

Rat 2 year

High

(ppm diet)

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

164

Colinus virginianus

Moderate

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

Soil micro-organisms

Collembola

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Non-target plants

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

0.953

Apis mellifera

High

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Chronic

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other bee species (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other bee species (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Beneficial insects (Ladybirds)

Beneficial insects (Lacewings)

Beneficial insects (Parasitic wasps)

Beneficial insects (Predatory mites)

Beneficial insects (Ground beetles)

Aquatic ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.028

Cyprinidae spp.

High

Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

237

Rat

Moderate

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

2000

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

1.46

Rat

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

Dermal penetration studies (%)

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

List I; List II

Exposure Routes

Public

Occupational

Mammalian dose elimination route and rate

Rapidly absorbed, metabolised and excreted in the urine

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

No data found

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

No data found

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

No data found

General human health issues

Harmful if swallowed

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

IMDG Transport Hazard Class 6.1

CLP classification 2013

Health: H301

WHO Classification

II (Moderately hazardous)

UN Number

UN2811

Waste disposal & packaging

Packaging Group III (minor danger)

Shelf-life, storage, stability and reactivity

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

pyraclofos

French

pyraclofos

German

Pyraclofos

Danish

pyraclofos

Italian

piraclofos

Spanish

piraclofos

Greek

Polish

pyraklofos

Swedish

Hungarian

Dutch

Norwegian

Record last updated:	01/09/2023
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242