Garlic oil |

Last updated: 25/08/2025
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(Also known as: Allium sativum oil; garlic extract; essential oil of garlic; garlic juice; porrum sativum bulb oil) |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement. These hazard alerts do not take account of usage patterns or exposure, thus do not represent risk.
Environmental fate |
Ecotoxicity |
Human health |
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A plant-derived insecticide and animal repellent |
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All phytophagous insects; Rabbits and small mammals; Free living nematodes; Cyst nematodes |
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Berries and soft frut; Root and tuber vegetables; Aubergine; Sugar beet; Brassicas; Amenity turf |
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Efficiacy supported by field trial data |
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- |
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Class: Magnoliopsida; Order: Asparagales;Family: Amaryllidaceae |
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Approved |
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31/08/2029 |
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Check label - may vary with formulation |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Approved |
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Ireland/Denmark |
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29/02/2036 |
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No |
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Yes |
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ATAustria |
BEBelgium |
BGBulgaria |
CYCyprus |
CZCzech Republic |
DEGermany |
DKDenmark |
EEEstonia |
ELGreece |
  |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
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  |
  |
  |
✓ |
ESSpain |
FIFinland |
FRFrance |
HRCroatia |
HUHungary |
IEIreland |
ITItaly |
LTLithuania |
LULuxembourg |
✓ |
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✓ |
  |
  |
✓ |
✓ |
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LVLatvia |
MTMalta |
NLNetherlands |
PLPoland |
PTPortugal |
RORomania |
SESweden |
SISlovenia |
SKSlovakia |
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✓ |
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✓ |
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  |
  |
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ISIceland |
NONorway |
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Diallyl disulfide, the major constituent of garlic oil, is a labile stereoisomer that readily decomposes into two allyl sulfide molecules |
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C₆H₁₀S |
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C=CCSCC=C |
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- |
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UBJVUCKUDDKUJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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InChI=1S/C6H10S/c1-3-5-7-6-4-2/h3-4H,1-2,5-6H2 |
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Yes |
Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre diagrams |
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Common Name |
Relationship |
Link |
Dially sulphide |
Component |
 |
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Insecticide; Semiochemical; Nematodes |
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Plant-derived substance; Plant oil |
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999g kg⁻¹ |
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EU2019 dossier: None declared |
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Natural; Complex mixture |
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Intense smell repels insects |
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Extracted from the garlic plant (Allium sativum) |
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Crop protection |
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All phytophagous insects; Rabbits and small mammals; Free living nematodes; Cyst nematodes |
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Berries and soft frut; Root and tuber vegetables; Aubergine; Sugar beet; Brassicas; Amenity turf |
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Suitable for use in all farming systems where approved for use in that country |
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8008-99-9 |
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8008-78-0 |
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232-371-1 |
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ACX:X1038633-1 |
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128827 |
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- |
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146 |
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garlic extract |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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FEMA=2503 & 2042; USEPA minimum risk pesticide; EU Low-risk active substance |
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- |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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UNE |
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Not applicable |
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- |
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Clear yellow to red-orange to brown thick viscous liquid. It is a complex mixture of thioethers (mainly diallyl disulfide (~60%), diallyl trisulfide & allyl methyl trisulfide), fatty acids (~16%) and other substances |
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Current |
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1983, first registered as a pesticide in US |
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- Ecospray Ltd
- Green Spot
- Brandt Organics Aleo
- Green Spot
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- Garlic Barrier
- Mosquito Barrier
- Nature’s Defender
- Bioway Garlic Insecticide
- Garlic Grow
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Usually supplied as an aqueous concentrate |
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Garlic oil can be produced in a few different ways, but the most common method is steam distillation whereby fresh garlic cloves are crushed to release their natural oils and then steamed. The steam carries the volatile compounds from the garlic, which are then condensed and collected as garlic oil. The resulting oil contains various sulphur compounds, such as diallyl disulfide, which give garlic its characteristic pungent smell. |
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Data for specific plant oils is scarce. However, from publicly available data the carbon footprint of plant oils has been estimated at between 1.0 and 4.0 kg CO₂e per kg of oil. This depends on the plant oil content, agricultural practices and processing methods used. |
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1000000 |
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High |
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- |
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115 |
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- |
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100.3 |
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- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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3.24 X 10-02 |
Calculated |
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-1.49 |
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Low |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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1.050 |
P3 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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- |
- |
- |
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2.18 |
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Low volatility. If applied directly to plants or soil, drift is a concern & mitigation is advisable |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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41.1 |
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- |
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Readily biodegradable |
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30 |
P3 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderately persistent |
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30 |
P3 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderately persistent |
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General literature states soil DT₅₀ as 720 hrs |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
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- |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. |
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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None
Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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850 |
Rat |
Moderate |
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- |
- |
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- |
- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
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> 500 |
Apis mellifera |
Low |
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> 500 |
Apis mellifera |
Low |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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4940 |
Aphidius rhopalosiphi |
Low |
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20590 |
Typhlodromus pyri |
Low |
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- |
- |
- |
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> 19.64 |
Cyprinus Carpio |
Moderate |
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- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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> 9.3 |
Daphnia magna |
Moderate |
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- |
- |
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- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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57.5 |
Raphidocelis subcapitata |
Low |
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8.1 |
Raphidocelis subcapitata |
Low |
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- |
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- |
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HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION |
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Intermediate (class II) |
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- |
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850 |
Rat |
Moderate |
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- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
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3.0 |
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None allocated |
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None allocated |
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Carcinogen |
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Endocrine disruptor |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; E3 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 3 = Negative |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
Reproduction / development effects |
Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor |
Neurotoxicant |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
Respiratory tract irritant |
Skin irritant |
Skin sensitiser |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
?Possibly, status not identified |
Eye irritant |
Phototoxicant |
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✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
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No adverse health issues identified May cause allergic skin reactions and sensitivity |
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Highly flammable Corrosion inhibitor in steel IMDG Transport Hazard Class 3 |
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Health: H302, H315, H317, H319 Handling: H226 |
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Not listed (Not listed) |
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UN1197 |
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garlic oil |
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Record last updated: |
25/08/2025 |
Contact: |
aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: |
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |