Muscalure |
Last updated: 22/08/2024
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(Also known as: Z-9-tricosene; (Z)-9-tricosene; cis-tricos-9-ene; muscamone; house fly sex pheromone) |
Non-toxic to humans. Major environmental pathways include volatilisation and microbial degradation. Highly toxic to aquatic invertebrates but practically non-toxic to freshwater fish however minimal exposure would be expected. Not expected to be harmful to beneficial insects. |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate |
Ecotoxicity |
Human health |
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An insect sex pheromone of the housefly used to trap flies in agricultural and domestic situations |
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Flies |
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Animal houses; Public and domestic buildings |
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- |
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- |
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Current |
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1971, first isolated; 1975, introduced USA |
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- |
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Not approved |
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Not applicable |
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No UK approval for use as a pesticide |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved |
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Austria |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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No |
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ATAustria |
BEBelgium |
BGBulgaria |
CYCyprus |
CZCzech Republic |
DEGermany |
DKDenmark |
EEEstonia |
ELGreece |
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ESSpain |
FIFinland |
FRFrance |
HRCroatia |
HUHungary |
IEIreland |
ITItaly |
LTLithuania |
LULuxembourg |
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LVLatvia |
MTMalta |
NLNetherlands |
PLPoland |
PTPortugal |
RORomania |
SESweden |
SISlovenia |
SKSlovakia |
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ISIceland |
NONorway |
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Isomeric |
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C₂₃H₄₆ |
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CCCCCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC |
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CCCCCCCCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC |
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IGOWHGRNPLFNDJ-ZPHPHTNESA-N |
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InChI=1S/C23H46/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-19-21-23-22-20-18-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2/h17,19H,3-16,18,20-23H2,1-2H3/b19-17- |
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Yes |
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Insecticide, Semiochemical |
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Pheromone |
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- |
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- |
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Natural |
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As male populations are reduced, breeding cycle is disrupted resulting in less egg production and lower populations |
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Substance is secreted by female house flies (Musca domestica) |
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Synthesised for commercial use by the Huang-Minlon reduction process preceeded by demethoxycarbonylation of oleyl chloride |
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Animal welfare; Public health |
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Flies |
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Animal houses; Public and domestic buildings |
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- |
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27519-02-4 |
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248-505-7 |
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None allocated |
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103201 |
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- |
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322.6 |
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- |
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(Z)-tricos-9-ene |
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(9Z)-9-tricosene |
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- |
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- |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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UNM |
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Not applicable |
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- |
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Colourless to amber oil |
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Maxforce Fly Spot bait |
Bayer Environmental Science |
Bonanza Fly bait |
Control Solutions |
Stimukil Fly Bait |
Troy Biosciences Inc, USA |
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Used in traps, sticky paper and dispensers, product may include rapid knockdown insecticide |
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0.000004 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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378 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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113 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source (closed cup) |
- |
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1.23 X 1004 |
Calculated |
- |
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4.09 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
High |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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0.807 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
- |
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0.064 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low volatility |
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5.30 X 10-06 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Non-volatile |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. |
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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- |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderately mobile |
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180 |
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Best available data |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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None
Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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> 10000 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Rat |
Low |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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> 4640 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Anas platyrhynchos |
Low |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
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- |
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> 1000 |
Eisenia foetida |
Low |
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> 100 |
Q2 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 2 = Unverified data of unknown source Expert judgement |
Low |
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> 1000 |
Oncorhynchus mykiss |
Low |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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1.08 |
Daphnia magna |
Moderate |
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HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION |
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Low (class I) |
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- |
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> 10000 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Rat |
Low |
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2000 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Rat |
- |
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5.71 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Rat |
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Carcinogen |
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Endocrine disruptor |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; E0 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 0 = No data |
No data found |
Reproduction / development effects |
Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor |
Neurotoxicant |
No data found |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
Respiratory tract irritant |
Skin irritant |
Skin sensitiser |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
?Possibly, status not identified |
✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
Eye irritant |
Phototoxicant |
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XNo, known not to cause a problem |
No data found |
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No further information available |
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No information available |
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Health: H317 |
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Not listed (Not listed) |
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muscalure |
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muscalure |
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Muscalur |
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muscalur |
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muscalure |
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muscalure |
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- |
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muskalur |
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Record last updated: |
22/08/2024 |
Contact: |
aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: |
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |