Flusilazole (Ref: DPX H6573)

Flusilazole (Ref: DPX H6573)	Last updated: 19/12/2024
(Not known by any other names)

SUMMARY

Flusilazole is a curative and preventative fungicide used to control a range of fungal pathogens. It has a low aqueous solubility and a low volatility. It can be persistent in soils and water-sediment systems depending on local conditions. Risk of leaching to groundwater is low. There are concerns that flusilazole may be a reproduction / developmental toxin and an endocrine disrupter. Oral mammalian toxicity is moderate. For most species ecotoxicity is moderate.

Data alerts

The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.

Environmental fate	Ecotoxicity	Human health
Environmental fate High alert: Potential for particle bound transport: High	Ecotoxicity Moderate alert: Birds acute ecotoxicity: Moderate; Fish acute ecotoxicity: Moderate; Fish chronic ecotoxicity: Moderate; Daphnia acute ecotoxicity: Moderate; Daphnia chronic ecotoxicity: Moderate; Bees acute oral ecotoxicity: Moderate; Earthworms acute ecotoxicity: Moderate; Earthworms chronic ecotoxicity: Moderate	Human health High alert: Mammals chronic toxicity: High; Endocrine disrupter; Reproduction/development effects

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

A curative and preventative fungicide used to control a range of fungal pathogens including Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes spp..

Example pests controlled

Apple scab, Powdery mildew, Sigatoka disease, Eyespot, Rusts, Black rot

Example applications

Fruit including apples, pears, apricots, plums, peaches, bananas, grapes; Sugarbeet; Oilseed rape; Cereals

Efficacy & activity

Availability status

Current

Introduction & key dates

1984, first reported

GB regulatory status

GB COPR regulatory status

Not approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

Not applicable

GB LERAP status

No UK approval for use as a pesticide

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Not approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Ireland

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

Not applicable

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Not applicable

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece

ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg

LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 by Mutual Recognition of Authorisation and/or national regulations in the following EEA countries

ISIceland	NONorway

Additional information

Also used in

Australia

Chemical structure

Isomerism

None

Chemical formula

C₁₆H₁₅F₂N₃Si

Canonical SMILES

C[Si](CN1C=NC=N1)(C2=CC=C(C=C2)F)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F

Isomeric SMILES

No data

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

FQKUGOMFVDPBIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C16H15F2N3Si/c1-22(12-21-11-19-10-20-21,15-6-2-13(17)3-7-15)16-8-4-14(18)5-9-16/h2-11H,12H2,1H3

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre diagrams

Common Name	Relationship	Link
flusilazole	-

General status

Pesticide type

Fungicide

Substance groups

Triazole fungicide; Conazole fungicide

Minimum active substance purity

925 g kg⁻¹

Known relevant impurities

EU dossier - None declared

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Broad-spectrum, systemic with protective and curative action. Sterol biosynthesis inhibitor.

CAS RN

85509-19-9

EC number

617-717-5

CIPAC number

435

US EPA chemical code

128835

PubChem CID

73675

CLP index number

014-017-00-6

Molecular mass

315.39

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

IUPAC name

bis(4-fluorophenyl)(methyl)(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)silane

CAS name

1-((bis(4-fluorophenyl)methylsilyl)methyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole

Other status information

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Class (HRAC MoA class)

Not applicable

Herbicide Resistance Class (WSSA MoA class)

Not applicable

Insecticide Resistance Class (IRAC MoA class)

Not applicable

Fungicide Resistance Class (FRAC MOA class)

Examples of recorded resistance

Physical state

White to brown coloured crystals

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

DuPont

Example products using this active

Capitan 25
Charisma
Colstar
Genie 25
Harvesan
Lyric
Nustar

Formulation and application details

Often supplied as an oil emulsion that is mixed with water and applied as a spray

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

41.9

Low

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

85000

Hexane

85000

n-Hexane

200000

Ethyl acetate

200000

Xylene

Melting point (°C)

53.2

Boiling point (°C)

393

Degradation point (°C)

Flashpoint (°C)

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

7.41 X 10⁰³

Calculated

Log P

3.87

High

Fat solubility of residues

Solubility

Soluble

Data type

Regulatory data - observed in metabolism and farm animal feeding studies

Density (g ml⁻¹)

1.31

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

2.5

Very weak base

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

0.0387

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

2.70 X 10^-04

Non-volatile

Volatilisation as max % of applied dose lost

From plant surface

From soil surface

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

Neutral solution: Maxima at 206nm
Acidic & basic solutions: Maxima at 202nm

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

300

Persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

427

Very persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

Moderately persistent

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

DT₉₀ (field)

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

EU dossier gives lab studies DT₅₀ value circa 14 months, field studies DT₅₀ range 63-240 days

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on plant matrix

Value

Note

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on and in plant matrix

Value

5.3

Note

Published literature RL₅₀ range 1.3-7.4 days, 4 field crops, various matrices, n=4

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

Stable

Note

Insignificant route of degradation

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

Stable

Note

Stable pH 5 to pH 9 for up to 34 days at 25 °C

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

365

Stable

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

Moderately fast

Sediment phase only DT₅₀ (days)

Air degradation

As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below.

Decay in stored produce DT₅₀

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d (mL g⁻¹)

Slightly mobile

K_oc (mL g⁻¹)

1664

Notes and range

EU dossier K_oc range 984-2031 mL g⁻¹

Freundlich

K_f (mL g⁻¹)

K_foc (mL g⁻¹)

¹/_n

Notes and range

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

1.54

Calculated

Low leachability

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

4.31 X 10^-02

Calculated

Note

Potential for particle bound transport index

High

Calculated

Potential for loss via drain flow

Slightly mobile

Calculated

Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀ (hrs) as indicator of long-range air transport risk

20.8

Calculated using the Atkinson method

Below the level of concern for long-range air transport

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

250

Threshold for concern

CT₅₀ (days)

Not available

Known soil metabolites

Metabolite

Major/Minor fraction

$Click here for further information on Major/Minor fraction$

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Notes

bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl silanol (Ref: IN F7321)

Minor fraction

0.05

Known groundwater metabolites

None

Other known metabolites

None

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Terrestrial ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

674

Rat

Moderate

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

> 6.25

Rat

High

(ppm diet)

> 125

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

2.8

Rat Reproductive NOAEL

High

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 1590

Anas platyrhynchos

Moderate

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

1584 ppm

Anas platyrhynchos

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

388

Eisenia foetida

Moderate

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

8.82

Eisenia foetida

Moderate

Soil micro-organisms

Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect
Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect

Dose: 2 kg ha⁻¹ 28 Day

Collembola

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Non-target plants

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

165

Apis mellifera

Low

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

33.8

Apis mellifera

Moderate

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Chronic

Notes

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other bee species (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other bee species (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Beneficial insects (Ladybirds)

Beneficial insects (Lacewings) as % Mortality at dose 600 g ha⁻¹

Chrysoperla carnea Larva

Beneficial insects (Parasitic wasps) as % Mortality at dose 600 g ha⁻¹

100

Aphidius rhopalosiphi

Beneficial insects (Predatory mites) as % Mortality at dose 38 g ha⁻¹

100

Typhlodromus pyri

Beneficial insects (Ground beetles)

Aquatic ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

1.2

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Moderate

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.023

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Moderate

Tropical Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 26.42

Danio rerio Embryo

Moderate

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

3.4

Daphnia magna

Moderate

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.27

Daphnia magna

Moderate

Tropical Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

>= 0.001

Chironomus riparius

High

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

6.4

Selenastrum capricornutum

Moderate

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Unknown species

Moderate

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

Marine bivalves

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

674

Rat

Moderate

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

2000

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

2.7

Rat

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.002

Dog SF=100

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.005

Rat SF=100

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.005

Rat SF=100

Dermal penetration studies (%)

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

Exposure Routes

Public

Acceptable risk for bystanders

Occupational

Acceptable risk for operators and other workers

MRLs

European

EU MRL pesticide database

Great Britain

GB MRL Register

Notes

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Mammalian dose elimination route and rate

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

No data found

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

No data found

General human health issues

Endocrine issues - Inhibition of aromatase activity, decrease of estrogens production
CLP data - suspected carcingen

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

Not explosive
IMDG Transport Hazard Class 9
Not expected to auto-ignite; Not highly flammable

CLP classification 2013

Health: H302, H351, H360d
Environment: H411

WHO Classification

II (Moderately hazardous)

UN Number

UN3077

Waste disposal & packaging

Packaging Group III (minor danger)

Shelf-life, storage, stability and reactivity

Chemically stable under standard ambient conditions

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

flusilazole

French

flusilazole

German

Flusilazol

Danish

flusilazol

Italian

flusilazole

Spanish

flusilazol

Greek

flusilazole

Polish

flusilazol

Swedish

Hungarian

fluzilazol

Dutch

flusilazole

Norwegian

Record last updated:	19/12/2024
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242