Tebufenpyrad (Ref: AC 801757)

Tebufenpyrad (Ref: AC 801757)	Last updated: 17/03/2024
(Also known as: MK 239; BAS 318l; SAN 831A)

SUMMARY

Data alerts

The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.

Environmental fate	Ecotoxicity	Human health
Environmental fate Moderate alert: Potential for particle bound transport: Medium	Ecotoxicity High alert: Birds chronic ecotoxicity: High; Fish acute ecotoxicity: High; Fish chronic ecotoxicity: High; Daphnia acute ecotoxicity: High	Human health Moderate alert: Mammals acute toxicity: Moderate; Mammals chronic toxicity: Moderate; Genotoxic; Reproduction/development effects Warning: Significant data are missing

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

A contact and stomach action acaricide used to control mites on fruit trees and other crops

Example pests controlled

All stages of Tetranychus, Panonychus, Oligonychus and Eotetranychus spp. including European red mite, Fruit tree red spider mite and the Two spotted spider mite; Aphids

Example applications

Apples; Pears; Strawberries; Commercial greenhouses; Ornamentals including roses; Hops

Efficacy & activity

Availability status

Current

Introduction & key dates

1993, registered Japan; 2002, registered USA

UK regulatory status

UK COPR regulatory status

Approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

31/10/2025

UK LERAP status

Check label - may vary with formulation

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

France/Belgium

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

31/01/2027

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Yes - two 'Persistent-Bioaccumulative-Toxic' criteria

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece
	✓	✓	✓	✓				✓
ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg
✓		✓	✓	✓				✓
LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia
		✓	✓	✓			✓

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 by Mutual Recognition of Authorisation and/or national regulations in the following EEA countries

ISIceland	NONorway

Additional information

Also used in

Australia

Chemical structure

Isomerism

None

Chemical formula

C₁₈H₂₄ClN₃O

Canonical SMILES

CCC1=NN(C(=C1Cl)C(=O)NCC2=CC=C(C=C2)C(C)(C)C)C

Isomeric SMILES

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

ZZYSLNWGKKDOML-UHFFFAOYSA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C18H24ClN3O/c1-6-14-15(19)16(22(5)21-14)17(23)20-11-12-7-9-13(10-8-12)18(2,3)4/h7-10H,6,11H2,1-5H3,(H,20,23)

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre diagrams

Common Name	Relationship	Link
tebufenpyrad	-

General status

Pesticide type

Acaricide, Insecticide

Substance groups

Pyrazole insecticide; Pyrazole acaricide; Carboxamide insecticide; Carboxamide acaricide; Pyrazolecarboxamide insecticide; Pyrazolecarboxamide acaricide

Minimum active substance purity

980 g kg⁻¹

Known relevant impurities

EU dossier - None declared

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Mitochondrial complex I electron transport inhibitor, non-systemic with contact and stomach action

CAS RN

119168-77-3

EC number

601-585-0

CIPAC number

725

US EPA chemical code

090102

PubChem CID

86354

CLP index number

616-210-00-6

Molecular mass

333.8

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

N-[(4-tert-butylphenyl)methyl]-4-chloro-3-ethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide

IUPAC name

N-(4-tert-butylbenzyl)-4-chloro-3-ethyl-1-methylpyrazole-5-carboxamide

CAS name

4-chloro-N-((4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenyl)methyl)-3-ethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide

Other status information

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Class (HRAC MoA class)

Not applicable

Herbicide Resistance Class (WSSA MoA class)

Not applicable

Insecticide Resistance Class (IRAC MoA class)

21A

Fungicide Resistance Class (FRAC MOA class)

Not applicable

Examples of recorded resistance

Yetranychus kanzawai, Tetranychus urticae

Physical state

Colourless crystalline solid

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

BASF
Summit Agro

Example products using this active

Masai

Formulation and application details

Often supplied as water soluble bag formulations or emulsifiable concentrates

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

2.39

Low

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

1044000

Dichloromethane

255000

Hexane

818000

Methanol

819000

Acetone

Melting point (°C)

Boiling point (°C)

Decomposes before boiling

Degradation point (°C)

250

Flashpoint (°C)

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

8.51 X 10⁰⁴

Calculated

Log P

4.93

High

Fat solubility of residues

Solubility

Soluble

Data type

Regulatory data - observed in metabolism and farm animal feeding studies

Density (g ml⁻¹)

1.17

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

Not applicable

No dissociation

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

0.0016

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

1.10 X 10^-03

Non-volatile

Volatilisation as max % of applied dose lost

From plant surface

24 hr

From soil surface

Negligible

24 hr

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

223nm = 16882, 295nm = 82

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

67.4

at 20.3°C 99.6%

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

33.9

Moderately persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

4.5

Non-persistent

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

191.1

Persistent

DT₉₀ (field)

26.7

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

EU dossier lab studies DT₅₀ range 17.7-76.5 days (normalised), DT₉₀ range 88.6-575 days; field studies DT₅₀ range 0.05-22.4 days, DT₉₀ range 3.0-74.3 days

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on plant matrix

Value

Note

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on and in plant matrix

Value

6.8

Note

Published literature RL₅₀ range 5.3-8.3 days, 2 field grown crops, various matrices, n=3

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

Stable

Note

Data for natural sunlight at 40 deg N. Other data: DT₅₀ 187 days natural light, 40 deg N, 28 days (A5)

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

Stable

Note

Stable pH 4 to pH 9 up to 120 °C

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

Moderately fast

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

6.6

Moderately fast

Air degradation

As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below.

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d

121

Non-mobile

K_oc

5992

Notes and range

EU dossier K_d range 18-mK_oc range 2159-11936 mL g⁻¹, Soils=9

Freundlich

K_f

88.1

Non-mobile

K_foc

4204

¹/_n

0.94

Notes and range

EU dossier K_f range 24.8-388 mL g⁻¹, K_foc range 1894-8552 mL g⁻¹, ¹/_n range 0.817-1.122, Soils=9

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

0.25

Calculated

Low leachability

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

2.71 X 10^-03

Calculated

Note

Potential for particle bound transport index

Medium

Calculated

Potential for loss via drain flow

Non-mobile

Calculated

Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀ (hrs) as indicator of long-range air transport risk

7.3

Calculated using the Atkinson method. Assumed 0.5E+06 OH/cm³, 24 hr

Below the level of concern for long-range air transport

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

953

Threshold for concern

CT₅₀ (days)

Known soil metabolites

Metabolite

Major/Minor fraction

$Click here for further information on Major/Minor fraction$

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Notes

N-(4-(1-carboxy-1-methylethyl)-benzyl)-4-chloro-3-ethyl-1-methyl-5-pyrazolecarboximide (Ref: CL-810721)

Major fraction

0.234

4-chloro-3-ethyl-1-methyl-5-pyrazolecarboxamide (Ref: CL 810729)

Major fraction

0.122

4-chloro-3-ethyl-1-methyl-5-pyrazolecarboxylic acid (Ref: CL 810728)

Minor fraction

0.051

N-(4-t-butylbenzyl)-3-acetyl-4-chloro-1-hloro-1- (Ref: CL 810719)

Known groundwater metabolites

None

Other known metabolites

Metabolite name and reference

Aliases

Formation medium / Rate

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Metabolising enzymes

4-chloro-3-ethyl-N-[4-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)phenyl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (Ref: CL 810720)

Animal

4-chloro-3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-N-[4-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)phenyl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (Ref: CL 810722)

Animal

2-[4-({[4-chloro-3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)phenyl]-2-methylpropanoic acid (Ref: CL 810723)

Animal

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Terrestrial ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 202

Rat

Moderate

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

> 48.5

Rat

High

(ppm diet)

> 300

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

≥ 17

Rat Reproduction

Moderate

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 2000

Colinus virginianus

Low

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

> 439 mg kg bw⁻¹ day⁻¹

Colinus virginianus

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

6.6

Anas platyrhynchos

High

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

20.5

Eisenia foetida corr

Moderate

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

0.34

Eisenia foetida

Moderate

Soil micro-organisms

Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect
Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect

Dose: 0.5 g ha⁻¹ 28 Day

Collembola

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Folsomia candida

Non-target plants

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

6.7

Apis mellifera

Moderate

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

60.3

Apis mellifera

Moderate

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Chronic

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other bee species (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other bee species (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Beneficial insects (Ladybirds)

Beneficial insects (Lacewings) as % Mortality at dose 30 g ha⁻¹

24.6

Chrysoperla carnea

Beneficial insects (Parasitic wasps) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

7.3

Aphidius rhopalosiphi

Beneficial insects (Predatory mites) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

0.69

Typhlodromus pyri

Beneficial insects (Ground beetles)

Aquatic ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.023

Oncorhynchus mykiss

High

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.00245

Oncorhynchus mykiss

High

Tropical Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.11

Danio rerio EC₅₀ Embryo

Moderate

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.046

Daphnia magna

High

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.020

Daphnia magna

Moderate

Tropical Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.022

Americamysis bahia

High

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

0.19

Chironomus riparius

Moderate

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

0.64

Chironomus riparius

Moderate

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

0.052

Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata

Moderate

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 202

Rat

Moderate

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

2000

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

2.7

Rat 4 hr (nose only)

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.01

Rat SF=100

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.02

Rat SF=100

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.01

Rat SF=100

Dermal penetration studies (%)

default

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

Exposure Routes

Public

No unacceptable risks to bystanders or residents identified

Occupational

No unacceptable risks to operators or other farm workers identified

MRLs

European

EU MRL pesticide database

Great Britain

GB MRL Register

Notes

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Mammalian dose elimination route and rate

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

No data found

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

No data found

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

No data found

General human health issues

Possible liver toxicant
US EPA - weak evidence to suggest possible human carcinogen

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

Not explosive or oxidising
IMDG Transport Hazard Class 9
Not expected to auto-ignite; Not highly flammable

CLP classification 2013

Health: H301, H317, H332, H373
Environment: H400, H410

WHO Classification

II (Moderately hazardous)

UN Number

UN3077

Waste disposal & packaging

Packaging Group III (minor danger)

Shelf-life, storage, stability and reactivity

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

tebufenpyrad

French

tebufenpyrad

German

Tebufenpyrad

Danish

tebufenpyrad

Italian

tebufenpirad

Spanish

tebufenpirad

Greek

Polish

tebufenpyrad

Swedish

Hungarian

Dutch

Norwegian

Record last updated:	17/03/2024
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242