| diclosulam (Ref: XDE 564) |
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SUMMARY
Diclosulam is a soil applied herbicide without EU regulatory approval for use. It has a low aqueous solubility, is non-volatile and, based on its chemical properties, is mobile and may leach to groundwater. It tends to be moderately persistent in soil systems. It has a low mammalian toxicity and has a high potential for bioaccumulation. It is a skin and eye irritant. It has a low level of toxicity to birds and fish but is more toxic to fish, aquatic plants, algae, earthworms and honey bees. GENERAL INFORMATION 
for diclosulam
Description: Soil applied herbicide for broad-leaved weed control in soybeans and other crops
Example pests controlled: Yellow nutsedge; Cocklebur; Purslane; Morning glory
Example applications: Peanuts; Soybeans; Sorghum; Potatoes; Maize; Cereals including wheat, barley, oats
Efficacy & activity: -
Availability status: Current
Introduction & key dates: 2000
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):
| Status | Not approved |
| Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur | Not applicable |
| Date inclusion expires | Not applicable |
| EU Candidate for substitution (CfS) | Not applicable |
| Listed in EU database | No |
Approved for use (
) or known to be used (
) in the following European countries: 
AT |
BE |
BG |
CY |
CZ |
DE |
DK |
EE |
EL |
ES |
FI |
FR |
HR |
HU |
IE |
IT |
LT |
LU |
LV |
MT |
NL |
PL |
PT |
RO |
SE |
SI |
SK |
UK |
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Also used in: USA
Chemical structure:
| Isomerism | - |
| Chemical formula | C13H10Cl2FN5O3S |
| Canonical SMILES | CCOC1=NC(=CC2=NC(=NN21)S(=O)(=O)NC3=C(C=CC=C3Cl)Cl)F |
| Isomeric SMILES | No data |
| International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey) | QNXAVFXEJCPCJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| International Chemical Identifier (InChI) | InChI=1S/C13H10Cl2FN5O3S/c1-2-24-13-17-9(16)6-10-18-12(19-21(10)13)25(22,23)20-11-7(14)4-3-5-8(11)15/h3-6,20H,2H2,1H3 |
| 2D structure diagram/image available? | Yes |
General status:
| Pesticide type | Herbicide | |||
| Substance group | Sulfonanilide | |||
| Minimum active substance purity | - | |||
| Known relevant impurities | - | |||
| Substance origin | Synthetic | |||
| Mode of action | Taken up by roots and foliage and translocated to growing points. Inhibits plant amino acid synthesis - acetohydroxyacid synthase AHAS. | |||
| CAS RN | 145701-21-9 | |||
| EC number | - | |||
| CIPAC number | None allocated | |||
| US EPA chemical code | 129122 | |||
| PubChem CID | 3081304 | |||
| Molecular mass (g mol-1) | 406.22 | |||
| PIN (Preferred Identification Name) | N-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-ethoxy-7-fluoro[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine-2-sulfonamide | |||
| IUPAC name | 2',6'-dichloro-5-ethoxy-7-fluoro[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine-2-sulfonanilide | |||
| CAS name | N-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-ethoxy-7-fluoro[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine-2-sulfonamide | |||
| Other status information | - | |||
| Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards | - | |||
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC) | B | |||
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA) | 2 | |||
| Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Examples of recorded resistance | Amaranthus palmeri Euphorbia heterophylla |
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| Physical state | Off-white solid | |||
| Related substances & organisms | - | |||
Formulations:
| Property |
Value | |||
| Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically |
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| Example products using this active |
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| UK LERAP status | No UK approval for use as a pesticide under EC Regulation 1107/2009 | |||
| Formulation and application details | Often supplied as wettable granules. | |||
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
for diclosulam
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1) | 6.32 | L3 | Low | |
| Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1) | 7970 | L3 - Acetone | - | |
| 2170 | L3 - Dichloromethane | - | ||
| 1450 | L3 - Ethyl acetate | - | ||
| 813 | L3 - Methanol | - | ||
| Melting point (oC) | 220 | L3 | - | |
| Boiling point (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Degradation point (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Flashpoint (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC | P | 7.08 X 1000 | Calculated | - |
| Log P | 0.85 | L3 | Low | |
| Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity | 1.74 | Q2 | - | |
| Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC | 4.0 | DW4 | - | |
| Note: Weak acid | ||||
| Vapour pressure at 20oC (mPa) | 6.67 X 10-10 | L3 | Low volatility | |
| Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1) | - | - | - | |
GUS leaching potential index  |
3.46 | Calculated | High leachability | |
| SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate |
Value | 5.46 X 10-01 | Calculated | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Potential for particle bound transport index |
- | Calculated | Medium | |
| Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1 | - | - | - | |
| Surface tension (mN m-1) | - | - | - | |
Degradation:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
General biodegradability | - |
| Soil degradation (days) (aerobic) | DT50 (typical) | 49 | L3 | Moderately persistent |
| DT50 (lab at 20oC) | - | - | - | |
| DT50 (field) | 20 | F3 | Non-persistent | |
| DT90 (lab at 20oC) | - | - | - | |
| DT90 (field) | - | - | - | |
| DT50 modelling endpoint | - | - | - | |
| Note | Literature studies DT50 range 14-80 days | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on plant matrix | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on and in plant matrix | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7 | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7 | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Water-sediment DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
| Water phase only DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
Soil adsorption and mobility:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Linear | Kd | - | L3 | Moderately mobile |
| Koc | 90 | |||
| Notes and range | Other sources: 55 mL/g (US3, DW3) | |||
| Freundlich | Kf | - | - | - |
| Kfoc | - | |||
| 1/n | - | |||
| Notes and range | - | |||
| pH sensitivity | - | |||
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Bio-concentration factor | BCF (l kg-1) | Low risk | Q3 Based on LogP < 3 | Low potential |
| CT50 (days) | - | - | ||
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 5000 | L3 Rat | Low | |
| Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL | (mg kg-1) | - | - | - |
| (ppm diet) | - | - | ||
| Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 2250 | F4 Colinus virginianus | Low | |
| Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50) | - | - | - | |
| Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | 110 | F4 Oncorhynchus mykiss | Low | |
| Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1) | 72 | F4 Daphnia magna | Moderate | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1) | 0.0012 | F4 Lemna gibba | High | |
| Non-target plants | - | - | - | |
| - | - | - | ||
| Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1) | > 0.01 | F4 Selenastrum capricornutum | Moderate | |
| Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Honeybees (Apis spp.) | Contact acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | 25 | L3 | Moderate |
| Oral acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Unknown mode acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Bumblebees (Bombus spp.) | Contact acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - |
| - | ||||
| Oral acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| - | ||||
| Mason bees (Osmia spp.) | Contact acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - |
| Oral acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Other pollinators (1) | Acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect-1) | - | - | - |
| Mode of exposure | - | |||
| Other pollinators (2) | Acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect-1) | - | - | - |
| Mode of exposure | - | |||
| Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1) | 991 | L3 | Moderate | |
| Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Other soil macro-organisms - e.g. Collembola | LR50 / EC50 / NOEC / % Effect | - | - | - |
| Other arthropod (1) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Other arthropod (2) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Soil micro-organisms | - | - | - | |
| Mesocosm study data | NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - |
| NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - | |
HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
for diclosulam
General:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class) |
High (class III) | - | - | |
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 5000 | L3 Rat | Low | |
| Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight) | > 2000 | L3 Rat | - | |
| Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1) | 5.04 | L3 Rat | - | |
| Other Mammal toxicity endpoints | - | - | ||
| ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1) | 0.05 | L3 | - | |
| ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg-1 bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| Dermal penetration studies (%) | - | - | - | |
| Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464 | List II | - | - | |
| Exposure Routes | Public | - | ||
| Occupational | - | |||
| European MRLs | Click here for the EU MRL pesticide database | |||
| Drinking Water Standards | - | - | - | |
| Drinking Water MAC (μg l-1) | - | - | - | |
Health issues:
| Carcinogen | Genotoxic | Endocrine disrupter | Reproduction / development effects | Cholinesterase inhibitor | Neurotoxicant | |||
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A3; B0; C0; D0; E0 | - |
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| Respiratory tract irritant | Skin irritant | Skin sensitiser | Eye irritant | Phototoxicant | ||||
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| General human health issues | Harmful if absorbed through skin | |||||||
| Key: Genotoxicity A: Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) B: DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) C: Gene mutation (EFSA database) D: Genome mutation (EFSA database) E: Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 0: No data 1: Positive 2: Mixed/ambiguous results 3: Negative |
Key: Other : Yes, known to cause a problem  : No, known not to cause a problem  : Possibly, status not identified - : No data found |
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Handling issues:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| General |
No information available | |||
| CLP classification 2013 | Health: H315, H319 | |||
| EC Risk Classification |
Xi - Irritant: R36/38 | |||
| EC Safety Classification |
S26 | |||
| WHO Classification | U | - | Unlikely to present an acute hazard | |
| UN Number | - | |||
| Waste disposal & packaging |
- | |||
| Language | Name |
| English | diclosulam |
| French | - |
| German | - |
| Danish | - |
| Italian | - |
| Spanish | diclosulam |
| Greek | - |
| Slovenian | - |
| Polish | - |
| Swedish | - |
| Hungarian | - |
| Dutch | - |
Record last updated: Friday 25 May 2018
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk