| chinomethionat (Ref: ENT 25606) |
 |
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SUMMARY
Chinomethionat is a multi-use pest control substance that does not have EU approval for use. It has a low aqueous solubiltiy, a low volatility and, based on its chemical properties, would not normally be expected to leach to groundwater. It does not normally persist in soil or aquatic systems. Whilst chinomethionat is a skin and eye irritant, it is not highly toxic and no serious health issues have been identified. It is highly toxic to fish and algae but moderately toxic to most other species. GENERAL INFORMATION 
for chinomethionat
Description: A quinoxaline fungicide, miticide and acaricide used to control various pests and diseases
Example pests controlled: Spidermites; Powder mildew; Pear psylla; Mite eggs; Whiteflies; Aphids
Example applications: Fruit including, citrus, apples, pears, plums, peaches; Vegetables; Walnuts; ornamentals
Efficacy & activity: -
Availability status: Current
Introduction & key dates: 1960, first reported; 1968, first registered USA
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):
| Status | Not approved |
| Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur | Germany |
| Date inclusion expires | Expired |
| EU Candidate for substitution (CfS) | Not applicable |
| Listed in EU database | Yes |
Approved for use (
) or known to be used (
) in the following European countries: 
AT |
BE |
BG |
CY |
CZ |
DE |
DK |
EE |
EL |
ES |
FI |
FR |
HR |
HU |
IE |
IT |
LT |
LU |
LV |
MT |
NL |
PL |
PT |
RO |
SE |
SI |
SK |
UK |
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Also used in: Australia
Chemical structure:
| Isomerism | None |
| Chemical formula | C10H6N2OS2 |
| Canonical SMILES | CC1=CC2=C(C=C1)N=C3C(=N2)SC(=O)S3 |
| Isomeric SMILES | No data |
| International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey) | FBQQHUGEACOBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| International Chemical Identifier (InChI) | InChI=1S/C10H6N2OS2/c1-5-2-3-6-7(4-5)12-9-8(11-6)14-10(13)15-9/h2-4H,1H3 |
| 2D structure diagram/image available? | Yes |
General status:
| Pesticide type | Fungicide, Acaricide, Miticide, Insecticide | |
| Substance group | Carbamate | |
| Minimum active substance purity | - | |
| Known relevant impurities | - | |
| Substance origin | Synthetic | |
| Mode of action | Selective, non-systemic contact action with protective and curative properties. Multi-site activity. | |
| CAS RN | 2439-01-2 | |
| EC number | 219-455-3 | |
| CIPAC number | 172 | |
| US EPA chemical code | 054101 | |
| PubChem CID | 17109 | |
| Molecular mass (g mol-1) | 234.30 | |
| PIN (Preferred Identification Name) | 6-methyl-2H-[1,3]dithiolo[4,5-b]quinoxalin-2-one | |
| IUPAC name | 6-methyl-1,3-dithiolo[4,5-b]quinoxalin-2-one | |
| CAS name | 6-methyl-1,3-dithiolo[4,5-b]quinoxalin-2-one | |
| Other status information | Phytotoxic to specific varieties of top fruit, currants and some ornamentals; Chemical subject to PIC regulations | |
| Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards | - | |
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC) | Not applicable | |
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA) | Not applicable | |
| Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC) | UN | |
| Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC) | M10 | |
| Examples of recorded resistance | - | |
| Physical state | Yellow crystals | |
| Related substances & organisms | ||
Formulations:
| Property |
Value | |||
| Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically |
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| Example products using this active |
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| UK LERAP status | No UK approval for use as a pesticide under EC Regulation 1107/2009 | |||
| Formulation and application details | Available in a variety of formulations including dustable powders, suspension concentrates and wettable powders. | |||
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
for chinomethionat
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1) | 1 | L3 | Low | |
| Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1) | 25000 | L3 - Toluene | - | |
| 40000 | L3 - Dichloromethane | - | ||
| 1800 | L3 - Hexane | - | ||
| 900 | L3 - Cyclohexanone | - | ||
| Melting point (oC) | 170 | L3 | - | |
| Boiling point (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Degradation point (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Flashpoint (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC | P | 6.03 X 1003 | Calculated | - |
| Log P | 3.78 | L3 | High | |
| Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity | 1.56 | L3 | - | |
| Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC | - | - | - | |
| Note: | ||||
| Vapour pressure at 20oC (mPa) | 0.026 | L3 | Low volatility | |
| Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1) | 6.09 X 10-03 | L3 | Non-volatile | |
GUS leaching potential index  |
0.73 | Calculated | Low leachability | |
| SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate |
Value | 1.71 X 10-03 | Calculated | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Potential for particle bound transport index |
- | Calculated | Low | |
| Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1 | - | - | - | |
| Surface tension (mN m-1) | - | - | - | |
Degradation:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
General biodegradability | - |
| Soil degradation (days) (aerobic) | DT50 (typical) | 2 | L3 | Non-persistent |
| DT50 (lab at 20oC) | - | - | - | |
| DT50 (field) | 30 | F3 | Moderately persistent | |
| DT90 (lab at 20oC) | - | - | - | |
| DT90 (field) | - | - | - | |
| DT50 modelling endpoint | - | - | - | |
| Note | Other data: field DT50 2.0-3.6 days (H3) | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on plant matrix | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on and in plant matrix | Value | 4.0 | R3 | - |
| Note | Strawberry fruit, n=1 | |||
| Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7 | Value | 4 | Q3 | Moderately fast |
| Note | Other source: 0.5 days (H3) | |||
| Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7 | Value | 3.3 | L3 | Non-persistent |
| Note | pH sensitive: DT50 10 days at pH 4, 3.75 hours at pH 9 all at 22 degC | |||
| Water-sediment DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
| Water phase only DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
Soil adsorption and mobility:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Linear | Kd | - | P3 | Mobile |
| Koc | 38 | |||
| Notes and range | Other data source: 2300 mL/g (US3); 28235 (H3) | |||
| Freundlich | Kf | - | - | - |
| Kfoc | - | |||
| 1/n | - | |||
| Notes and range | - | |||
| pH sensitivity | - | |||
ECOTOXICOLOGY
for chinomethionat
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Bio-concentration factor | BCF (l kg-1) | 3000 | Q2 Estimated | Threshold for concern |
| CT50 (days) | Not available | - | ||
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 5000 | L3 Rat | Low | |
| Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL | (mg kg-1) | - | L2 Rat, 2 year | - |
| (ppm diet) | 40 | - | ||
| Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1) | 196 | L3 Colinus virginianus | Moderate | |
| Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50) | - | - | - | |
| Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | 0.0334 | L3 Lepomis macrochirus | High | |
| Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1) | 0.12 | L3 Daphnia magna | Moderate | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | 0.0085 | F3 Americamysis bahia | High | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Non-target plants | - | - | - | |
| - | - | - | ||
| Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1) | 0.0069 | F4 Scenedemus subspicatus | High | |
| Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Honeybees | Contact acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | - | - | - |
| Oral acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Unknown mode acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | 100 | L3 | Moderate | |
| Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1) | 1000 | L3 | Moderate | |
| Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Other soil macro-organisms - e.g. Collembola | LR50 / EC50 / NOEC / % Effect | - | - | - |
| Other arthropod (1) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | Harmful | Dose: 150 g ha-1 AA3 Typhlodromus pyri |
- | |
| Other arthropod (2) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | Harmful | Dose: 150 g ha-1 AA3 Chrysoperla carnea |
- | |
| Soil micro-organisms | - | - | - | |
| Mesocosm study data | NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - |
| NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - | |
HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
for chinomethionat
General:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class) |
High (class III) | - | - | |
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 5000 | L3 Rat | Low | |
| Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight) | > 5000 | L3 Rat | - | |
| Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1) | 2.2 | L3 Rat | - | |
| Other Mammal toxicity endpoints | - | - | ||
| ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1) | 0.006 | JMPR 1987 | - | |
| ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg-1 bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| Dermal penetration studies (%) | - | - | - | |
| Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464 | - | - | - | |
| Exposure Limits | - | - | - | |
| Exposure Routes | Public | Some bystanders may experience a skin reaction | ||
| Occupational | Occupational exposure may occur through inhalation and dermal contact | |||
| European MRLs | Click here for the EU MRL pesticide database | |||
| Drinking Water Standards | - | - | - | |
| Drinking Water MAC (μg l-1) | - | - | - | |
Health issues:
| Carcinogen | Mutagen | Endocrine disrupter | Reproduction / development effects | Cholinesterase inhibitor | Neurotoxicant | |||
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| Respiratory tract irritant | Skin irritant | Skin sensitiser | Eye irritant | Phototoxicant | ||||
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| General human health issues | Potential for serious eye damage | |||||||
: Yes, known to cause a problem
: No, known not to cause a problem
: Possibly, status not identified
- : No data found
Handling issues:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| General |
No information available | |||
| CLP classification 2013 | Health: H302, H312, H317, H319, H332, H361f, H373 Environment: H400, H410 |
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| EC Risk Classification |
Reproduction risk category 3: R62 Xn - Harmful: R20/21/22, R43, R48/22 Xi - Irritant: R36 N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53 |
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| EC Safety Classification |
S2, S24, S37, S45, S60, S61 | |||
| WHO Classification | III | - | Slightly hazardous | |
| US EPA Classification (formulation) | III | - | Caution - Slightly toxic | |
| UN Number | - | |||
| Waste disposal & packaging |
- | |||
TRANSLATIONS
for chinomethionat
| Language | Name |
| English | chinomethionat |
| French | chinométhionate |
| German | Chinomethionat |
| Danish | chinomethionat |
| Italian | chinometionato |
| Spanish | chinometionato |
| Greek | chinomethionat |
| Slovenian | kinometionat |
| Polish | chinometionat |
| Swedish | - |
| Hungarian | - |
| Dutch | chinomethionat |
Record last updated: Monday 28 May 2018
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk