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- PFC
N,N-dimethyl capramide
Last updated: 02/10/2026
(Also known as: N,N-dimethyldecanamide; DMCA)
SUMMARY
Hazard alerts

The following Pesticide Hazard Tricolour (PHT) alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement. The alerts for Highly Hazardous Pesticides (HHPs) are based on applying the FAO/WHO (Type 1) and the PAN (Type II) criteria to PPDB data. Further details on the HHP indicators are given in the tables below. Neither the PHT nor the HHP hazard alerts take account of usage patterns or exposure, thus they do not represent risk.

PHT: Environmental fate PHT: Ecotoxicity PHT: Human health Highly Hazardous Pesticide
Environmental fate
Moderate alert:
Drainflow: Slightly mobile
Ecotoxicity
Moderate alert:
Birds acute ecotoxicity: Moderate; Fish acute ecotoxicity: Moderate; Fish chronic ecotoxicity: Moderate; Daphnia acute ecotoxicity: Moderate; Daphnia chronic ecotoxicity: Moderate
Human health
Low alert
Warning:
Significant data are missing
  
GENERAL INFORMATION
Description
Chemical without pesticidal activity that is sometimes used in crop protection product formulations as a solvent.
GB regulatory status
GB Retained EC Regulation 1107/2009 status
Not applicable - not a ppp. May be authorised at national level under different legislation
Date GB regulatory inclusion expires
Not applicable
GB LERAP status
Not applicable
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)
EC Regulation 1107/2009 status
Not applicable - not a ppp. May be authorised at national level under different legislation
Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur
Not applicable
Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires
Not applicable
EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)
Not applicable
Listed in EU database
Not applicable
Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States
ATAustria
BEBelgium
BGBulgaria
CYCyprus
CZCzech Republic
DEGermany
DKDenmark
EEEstonia
ELGreece
                 
ESSpain
FIFinland
FRFrance
HRCroatia
HUHungary
IEIreland
ITItaly
LTLithuania
LULuxembourg
                 
LVLatvia
MTMalta
NLNetherlands
PLPoland
PTPortugal
RORomania
SESweden
SISlovenia
SKSlovakia
                 
Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 by Mutual Recognition of Authorisation and/or national regulations in the following EEA countries
ISIceland
NONorway
                 
Additional information
Also used in
USA
Chemical structure
Isomerism
This substance is not isomeric but a single defined molecule.
Chemical formula
C₁₂H₂₅NO
Canonical SMILES
CCCCCCCCCC(=O)N(C)C
Isomeric SMILES
-
International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)
HNXNKTMIVROLTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
International Chemical Identifier (InChI)
InChI=1S/C12H25NO/c1-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12(14)13(2)3/h4-11H2,1-3H3
2D structure diagram/image available?
Yes
General status
Pesticide type
Other substance
Other bioactivity & uses
Emulsifier; Solvent; Stabiliser; Penetration enhancer; Surfactant; Adjuvant
Substance groups
Fatty acid amide
Minimum active substance purity
-
Known relevant impurities
-
Substance origin
Synthetic
Mode of action
This substance does not exhibit pesticidal activity
CAS RN
14433-76-2
EC number
238-405-1
CIPAC number
-
US EPA chemical code
-
PubChem CID
26690
Molecular mass (Da)
199.33
PIN (Preferred Identification Name)
-
IUPAC name
N,N-dimethyldecanamide
CAS name
N,N-dimethylcapramide
Global Governance status: Listed (✓) under
UK Poisons List Order 1972 Rotterdam Convention Montreal Protocol
XNo
The Poisons List Order 1972
XNo
Rotterdam Convention
XNo
Montreal Protocol
Stockholm Convention OSPAR EU Water Framework Directive
XNo
Stockholm Convention
XNo
OSPAR
XNo
EU Water Framework Directive
Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards
-
Forever chemical
-
Highly Hazardous Pesticide (HHP)
Type I
-
Type II
-
Other status information
-
Herbicide Resistance Class (HRAC MoA class)
Not applicable
Herbicide Resistance Class (WSSA MoA class)
Not applicable
Insecticide Resistance Class (IRAC MoA class)
Not applicable
Fungicide Resistance Class (FRAC MOA class)
Not applicable
Examples of recorded resistance
-
Physical state
Clear colourless liquid
Commercial
Property
Value
Availability status
Current
Introduction & key dates
Mid-20th Century, first synthesised; 1960s, first industrial patents
Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically
  • BASF
  • Stepan Chemicals
  • Eastman Chemical Company
Example products using this active
-
Example products using this substance as a possible coformulant
 
Selected: Abran 250 (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Aderya (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Aderya XE (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Aero (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Alonty XL (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Amplitude (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Ascra Xpro (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Aspire (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Avella (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Aviator Xpro (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Balaya (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Beach (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Bolt 250 (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Boogie Xpro (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Boogie Xpro Plus (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Caley (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Cayunis (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Cello (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Corinth (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Corrib 250 (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Croton (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Croton Flex (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Dagda 250 (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Diadem XE (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Finch (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Folicur (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Glacis (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Helix (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Imtrex XE (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Inception (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Inception Xpro (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Innox Pro (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Input Xpro (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Integrity (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Ipresso (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Jade (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Jessico Fusion (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Jettano (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: LaDiva (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Lentyma (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Lentyma XE (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Lentyma XL (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Lenvyor (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Lenvyor Duo (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Macfare Xpro (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Mandarin Xpro (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Maxtima (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Milteo (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Mivyto XE (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Myresa (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Navaro (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Navura (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Nyviar (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Olbran (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Osiris Pro (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Patton Flex (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Patton SPX (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Phabia 250 EC (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Piano (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Pioli (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Pontoon (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Pride (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Proline 275 (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Prosaro (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Protendo 250 EC (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Provyto XE (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Razodian (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: RevyCare (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Revyflex (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Revygold (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: RevyPro (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Revystar XE (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Revystar XL (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Revytrex (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Siltra Xpro (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Silvron Xpro (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Stelya (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Sulky (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Syrex (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Tebucur 250 EW (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Tebulink (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Tebusha 25% EW (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Teko 250 (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Tendril (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Trinity 250 (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Variano Xpro (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Verben (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Verdict (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Verydor XE (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Vivalis (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Xynteo (Open in PFC)
   
Selected: Yanila (Open in PFC)
 
Formulation and application details
Supplied as a liquid concentrate
Commercial production
N,N-dimethylcapramide is manufactured commercially by amidation of decanoic acid or a decanoic-acid derivative with dimethylamine. In one established route, decanoic acid is first converted to the corresponding acid chloride, which is then reacted with dimethylamine to form N,N-dimethyldecanamide; alternatively, industrial production can use methyl decanoate and dimethylamine, producing methanol as a by-product. The crude amide is subsequently purified, typically by distillation, to obtain the required commercial grade.
Impact on climate of production and use
Public data for the GHG emissions from the production of N,N-dimethyldecanamide is not available in the public domain. However, the largest contribution to GHG emissions is likely to come from the manufacture of the feedstocks, rather than from the amidation reaction itself. The direct manufacturing energy requirement of only 3.2 MJ/kg is relatively modest, so the upstream raw materials are likely to dominate the lifecycle GHG footprint. Emissions from methyl decanoate production depends strongly on whether the decanoate originates from vegetable/fatty-acid feedstocks or fossil-derived chemistry. Dimethylamine production is energy intensive and there are additional emissions from the production of ancillary chemicals and treatment of wastes. From the information that is publicly available a reasonable estimate for GHG emissions is between 1.5-3.5 kg CO₂e/kg.
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
Solubility - In water at 20 °C at pH 7 (mg l⁻¹)
340
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications )
5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes
 Moderate
Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)
Miscible
F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
4 = Verified data
Methanol		 -
Miscible
F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
4 = Verified data
Ethanol		 -
Miscible
F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
4 = Verified data
Acetone		 -
Miscible
F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
4 = Verified data
n-Hexane		 -
Melting point (°C)
-7
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications )
5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes
 -
Boiling point (°C)
291
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications )
5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes
 -
Degradation point (°C)
- - -
Flashpoint (°C)
147.0
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications )
5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes
 -
Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C
P
8.32 X 1003 Calculated -
Log P
3.92
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications )
5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes
 High
Fat solubility of residues
Solubility
Soluble
R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications
4 = Verified data
 -
Data type
Research study
R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications
4 = Verified data
 -
Density (g ml⁻¹)
0.88
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications )
5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes
 -
Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C
- - -
-
Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)
0.067
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications )
5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes
 Low volatility
Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)
- - -
Volatilisation as max % of applied dose lost
From plant surface
- - -
From soil surface
- - -
Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹
- - -
Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)
65.0
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications )
5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes
at 2.9 mg l⁻¹		 -
Degradation
Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
General biodegradability
Readily biodegradable
Soil degradation (days) (Measured across various soil types.)
DT₅₀ (typical)
0.5
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources
3 = Unverified data of known source
 Non-persistent
DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)
0.1
F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
4 = Verified data
 Non-persistent
DT₅₀ (field)
- - -
DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)
3.0
F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
4 = Verified data
 Non-persistent
DT₉₀ (field)
- - -
DT₅₀ modelling endpoint
- - -
Note
Published EPA data: DT₅₀ range 0.5-6.5 hrs, DT₉₀ 0.65-7.5 days. Soil photodegradation DT₅₀ 33 days under artifical light. 13.4% degradation after 30 days in dark conditions
Soil mineralisation
Aerobic (at 20 °C)
Rapid microbial enzymatic hydrolysis followed by standard cellular mineralisation in both soil and water.
F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
4 = Verified data
 -
Anaerobic (at 20 °C)
Microbial enzymatic hydrolysis followed by standard cellular mineralisation in both soil and water. Process is slower when oxygen is absent. -
Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on plant matrix
Value
- - -
Note
-
Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on and in plant matrix
Value
- - -
Note
-
Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7
Value
Stable
F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
4 = Verified data
 Stable
Note
-
Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7
Value
Stable
F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
3 = Unverified data of known source
 Stable
Note
-
Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)
- - -
Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)
- - -
Sediment phase only DT₅₀ (days)
- - -
Air degradation
As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below.
Decay in stored produce DT₅₀
-
Soil adsorption and mobility
Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
Linear
Kd (mL g⁻¹)
-
F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
3 = Unverified data of known source
 Slightly mobile
Koc (mL g⁻¹)
1130
Notes and range
-
Freundlich
Kf (mL g⁻¹)
- - -
Kfoc (mL g⁻¹)
-
1/n
-
Notes and range
-
pH sensitivity
-
Fate indices
Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
GUS leaching potential index
-0.95 Calculated Low leachability
SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate
Value
2.49 X 10-06 Calculated -
Note
-
Potential for particle bound transport index
Low Calculated -
Potential for loss via drain flow
Slightly mobile Calculated -
Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀ (hrs) as indicator of long-range air transport risk
- - -
Bio-concentration factor
BCF (l kg⁻¹)
- - -
CT₅₀ (days)
- -
Known soil metabolites
Metabolite
Major/Minor fraction
Estimated maximum occurrence fraction
Notes
decanoic acid
- - -
dimethylamine
- - -
Known groundwater metabolites

None

Other known metabolites
Metabolite name and reference
Aliases
Formation medium / Rate
Estimated maximum occurrence fraction
decanoic acid - Surface water -
dimethylamine - Surface water -
ECOTOXICOLOGY
Terrestrial ecotoxicology
Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)
> 2000
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications )
5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes
Rat		 Low
Mammals - Short Term Oral NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)
- - -
Mammals - Long Term (Chronic) Oral NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)
- - -
Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)
> 800
F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
4 = Verified data
Colinus virginianus		 Moderate
Birds - Short term dietary LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)
- - -
Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)
400
F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
4 = Verified data
Colinus virginianus		 Low
Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ dw soil)
> 1000
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources
3 = Unverified data of known source
Eisenia foetida		 Low
Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹ dw soil)
- - -
Soil micro-organisms
- - -
Collembola
Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)
> 0.1
F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
4 = Verified data
Folsomia candida		 -
Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)
- - -
Non-target plants
Vegetative vigour ER₅₀ (g ha⁻¹)
- - -
Seedling emergence ER₅₀ (g ha⁻¹)
- - -
Honeybees (Apis spp.)
Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)
> 100
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources
3 = Unverified data of known source
Apis mellifera		 Low
Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)
> 100
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources
3 = Unverified data of known source
Apis mellifera		 Low
Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)
- - -
Chronic
- - -
Notes
-
Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)
Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)
- - -
-
Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)
- - -
-
Mason bees (Osmia spp.)
Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)
- - -
Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)
- - -
Other bee species (1)
Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)
- - -
Mode of exposure
-
Other bee species (2)
Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)
- - -
Mode of exposure
-
Beneficial insects (Ladybirds)
- - -
Beneficial insects (Lacewings)
- - -
Beneficial insects (Parasitic wasps)
- - -
Beneficial insects (Predatory mites)
- - -
Beneficial insects (Ground beetles)
- - -
Beneficial insects (Butterflies)
Contact
- - -
Notes
-
Oral
- - -
Notes
-
Aquatic ecotoxicology
Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
Temperate Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)
> 15.8
F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
4 = Verified data
Oncorhynchus mykiss		 Moderate
Temperate Freshwater Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)
5.0
F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
3 = Unverified data of known source
Oncorhynchus mykiss		 Moderate
Tropical Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)
- - -
Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)
7.7
F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
4 = Verified data
Daphnia magna		 Moderate
Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)
0.079
F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
4 = Verified data
Daphnia magna		 Moderate
Tropical Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)
- - -
Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)
- - -
Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)
- - -
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)
- - -
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)
- - -
Aquatic Plants (free-floating, fonds growth, fresh) - 7 day (mg l⁻¹)
- - -
Aquatic plants (rooted, growth rate, fresh) - 14 day (mg l⁻¹)
- - -
Algae - Acute (growth rate, fresh; mg l⁻¹) (72 hr EC₅₀, static)
< 2.0
F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
4 = Verified data
Raphidocelis subcapitata		 Moderate
Algae - Chronic (growth rate, fresh; mg l⁻¹)
- - -
Mesocosm study data
NOEAEC mg l⁻¹
- - -
NOEAEC mg l⁻¹
- - -
Marine bivalves
- - -
Regulatory Threshold Levels (RTLs)

Note: These RTLs have been calculated using the regulatory approach used in the European Union and based on ecotoxocity values in the PPDB.

Species group
RTL
Notes
Mammals
200 Worst case of acute and chronic mammals
Birds
80 Worst case of acute and chronic birds
Soil organisms
100 Worst case of acute and chronic earthworms
Terrestrial plants
No data No data for non-target plants vegetative vigour and seedling emergence
Pollinators
2 Worst case of contact and oral honeybees
Arthropods
No data No data for parasitic wasps and predatory mites
Fish
0.158 Worst case of temperate acute and chronic fish
Aquatic invertebrates
0.0079 Worst case of temperate acute and chronic aquatic invertebrates
Aquatic plants
0.2 Worst case of free-floating plants, rooted plants, acute and chronic algae
HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
General
Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)
High (class III) - -
Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)
> 2000
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications )
5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes
Rat		 Low
Mammals - Short Term Oral NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)
- - -
Mammals - Long Term (Chronic) Oral NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)
- - -
Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)
> 5000
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications )
5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes
Rat		 -
Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)
> 3.55
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications )
5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes
Rat 4 hr (aerosol)		 -
Other Mammal toxicity endpoints
Intravenous LD₅₀ = 40.0 mg kg⁻¹
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources
3 = Unverified data of known source
Mouse		 -
Intraperitoneal LD₅₀ > 2000 mg kg⁻¹
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources
3 = Unverified data of known source
Mouse		 -
ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)
- - -
ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)
- - -
AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)
- - -
AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)
- - -
Dermal penetration studies (%)
- - -
Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464
- - -
Exposure Routes
Public
-
Occupational
-
MRLs
European
EU MRL pesticide database 
Great Britain
GB MRL Register 
Notes
-
Drinking Water Standards
- - -
Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)
- - -
Mammalian dose elimination route and rate
- - -
Health issues
Specific human health issues (hazard-based)
Carcinogen
Genotoxic
Endocrine disruptor
XNo, known not to cause a problem
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database)
0 = No data
;
B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database)
0 = No data
;
C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database)
0 = No data
;
D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database)
0 = No data
;
E3 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source)
3 = Negative
 No data found
Reproduction / development effects Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor Neurotoxicant
XNo, known not to cause a problem
 No data found No data found
Respiratory tract irritant Skin irritant Skin sensitiser
✓Yes, known to cause a problem
✓Yes, known to cause a problem
✓Yes, known to cause a problem
Eye irritant Phototoxicant  
✓Yes, known to cause a problem
 No data found  
General human health issues
Liver and kidney toxicant at high doses
Handling issues
Property
Value and interpretation
General
Corrosive
Lipophilic
CLP classification 2013
Health: H302, H315; H319; H335
Environment: H412
WHO Classification
Not listed
UN Number
Not regulated
Waste disposal & packaging
-
Shelf-life, storage, stability and reactivity
Typical shelf life of at least 2 years from the production date.
TRANSLATIONS
Language
Name
English
N,N-dimethyl capramide
French
N,N-diméthyldécanamide
German
N,N-dimethyldecanamid
Danish
-
Italian
-
Spanish
-
Greek
-
Polish
-
Swedish
-
Hungarian
-
Dutch
-
Norwegian
-
Record last updated: 02/10/2026
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:

Tzilivakis, J., Lewis, K.A., Green, A. and Warner, D.J. (2026) A decade of growth and impact of the Pesticide Properties Database (PPDB). Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 32(6), 1104-1129. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2026.2702066

Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242

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