Fumaric acid
Last updated: 16/11/2022
(Also known as: 2-butenedioic acid; allomaleate ; lichenate; allomaleic acid; boletic acid)
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate
Ecotoxicity
Human health
 
A substance without pesticial properties but used in some formulations as an acidity regulator
-
-
Not applicable
Not applicable
Not applicable
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)
Not applicable
Not applicable
Not applicable
Not applicable
No
ATAustria
BEBelgium
BGBulgaria
CYCyprus
CZCzech Republic
DEGermany
DKDenmark
EEEstonia
ELGreece
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ESSpain
FIFinland
FRFrance
HRCroatia
HUHungary
IEIreland
ITItaly
LTLithuania
LULuxembourg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LVLatvia
MTMalta
NLNetherlands
PLPoland
PTPortugal
RORomania
SESweden
SISlovenia
SKSlovakia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ISIceland
NONorway
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fumaric acid is the trans-isomer of butenedioic acid. Maleic acid is the cis-form.
C₄H₄O₄
C(=CC(=O)O)C(=O)O
C(=C/C(=O)O)\C(=O)O
VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N
InChI=1S/C4H4O4/c5-3(6)1-2-4(7)8/h1-2H,(H,5,6)(H,7,8)/b2-1+
Yes
Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre diagrams
Common Name
Relationship
Link
fumaric acid
-
Other substance
Acidity regulator
Unclassified substance
-
-
Synthetic
inert
110-17-8
203-743-0
-
051201
-
116.07
-
(E)-butenedioic acid
trans-1,2-ethylenedicarboxylic acid
Food and Feed additive as a acidity regulator (FLAVIS no. 08.025)
-
Not applicable
Not applicable
Not applicable
Not applicable
-
White crystalline, odourless solid
7000
at 25 °C
High
-
-
-
287
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
282
(open cup)
-
1.78 X 1000
Calculated
-
0.25
Low
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.635
P3 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 3 = Unverified data of known source
-
3.03
-
Weak acid, pka2 = 4.44
0.00002
Low volatility
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Soil adsorption and mobility
-
-
-
Cannot be calculated
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
None
Terrestrial ecotoxicology
9300
Rat
Low
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
212
Daphnia magna
Low
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
41.0
P3 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 3 = Unverified data of known source
Scenedesmus subspicatus
Low
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
Low (class I)
-
-
9300
Rat
Low
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
EU MRL pesticide database 
-
-
-
-
-
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-
Carcinogen
Endocrine disruptor
No data found
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data
; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data
; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data
; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data
; E0 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 0 = No data
No data found
Reproduction / development effects
Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor
Neurotoxicant
No data found
XNo, known not to cause a problem
No data found
Respiratory tract irritant
Skin irritant
Skin sensitiser
✓Yes, known to cause a problem
✓Yes, known to cause a problem
No data found
Eye irritant
Phototoxicant
 
✓Yes, known to cause a problem
No data found
 
May cause abdominal cramps, diarrhoea and nausea
Combustible Gives off irritating or toxic gases in a fire Prevent generation of dust - explosion possible
-
Not listed (Not listed)
-
-
-
fumaric acid
acide fumarique
Fumarsäure
-
Acido fumarico
Fumaarihappo
-
-
-
-
Fumaarzuur
-
Record last updated:
16/11/2022
Contact:
aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal , 22 (4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242