| chlorethoxyfos (Ref: DPX 43898) |
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SUMMARY
Chlorethoxyfos is an organophosphate insecticide without EU regulatory approval. It has a low aqueous solubility and, based on its chemical properties, it should not leach to groundwater. It is not persistent in soil systems but may be moderately persistent in aqueous systems under certain conditions. It is highly toxic to humans and there is some concern that it may bioaccumulate. It is highly toxic to most aquatic life, honey bees and earthworms. GENERAL INFORMATION 
for chlorethoxyfos
Description: An organophosphate insecticide used to control soil pests
Example pests controlled: Corn rootworm; Cutworms; Wireworms; Seed maggots; White grubs; Symphylans
Example applications: Corn; Row crops; Forage; Small grains
Efficacy & activity: -
Availability status: Unknown
Introduction & key dates: circa 1995, USA
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):
| Status | Not approved |
| Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur | Not applicable |
| Date inclusion expires | Not applicable |
| EU Candidate for substitution (CfS) | - |
| Listed in EU database | Yes |
Approved for use (
) or known to be used (
) in the following European countries: 
AT |
BE |
BG |
CY |
CZ |
DE |
DK |
EE |
EL |
ES |
FI |
FR |
HR |
HU |
IE |
IT |
LT |
LU |
LV |
MT |
NL |
PL |
PT |
RO |
SE |
SI |
SK |
UK |
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Also used in: USA
Chemical structure:
| Isomerism | A chiral molecule |
| Chemical formula | C6H11Cl4O3PS |
| Canonical SMILES | CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)Cl |
| Isomeric SMILES | No data |
| International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey) | XFDJMIHUAHSGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| International Chemical Identifier (InChI) | InChI=1S/C6H11Cl4O3PS/c1-3-11-14(15,12-4-2)13-5(7)6(8,9)10/h5H,3-4H2,1-2H3 |
| 2D structure diagram/image available? | Yes |
General status:
| Pesticide type | Insecticide | |||
| Substance group | Organophosphate | |||
| Minimum active substance purity | - | |||
| Known relevant impurities | - | |||
| Substance origin | Synthetic | |||
| Mode of action | Cholinesterase inhibitor, vapour action | |||
| CAS RN | 54593-83-8 | |||
| EC number | - | |||
| CIPAC number | None allocated | |||
| US EPA chemical code | 129006 | |||
| PubChem CID | 91655 | |||
| Molecular mass (g mol-1) | 336.0 | |||
| PIN (Preferred Identification Name) | rac-O,O-diethyl O-[(1R)-1,2,2,2-tetrachloroethyl] phosphorothioate | |||
| IUPAC name | O,O-diethyl (RS)-O-(1,2,2,2-tetrachloroethyl) phosphorothioate | |||
| CAS name | O,O-diethyl O-(1,2,2,2-tetrachloroethyl) phosphorothioate | |||
| Other status information | - | |||
| Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards | - | |||
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA) | Not applicable | |||
| Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC) | 1B | |||
| Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Examples of recorded resistance | None recorded | |||
| Physical state | Gray to brown granules formulated as a liquid | |||
| Related substances & organisms | - | |||
Formulations:
| Property |
Value | |||
| Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically |
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| Example products using this active |
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| UK LERAP status | No UK approval for use as a pesticide under EC Regulation 1107/2009 | |||
| Formulation and application details | Usually supplied in a granular formulation and with tamper-proof delivery systems (SmartBox). | |||
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
for chlorethoxyfos
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1) | 0.1 | DW4 | Low | |
| Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Melting point (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Boiling point (oC) | 80 | F3 | - | |
| Degradation point (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Flashpoint (oC) | 230 | L3 | - | |
| Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC | P | 9.33 X 1003 | Calculated | - |
| Log P | 3.97 | K3 | High | |
| Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity | 0.64 | Q2 | - | |
| Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC | - | - | - | |
| Note: | ||||
| Vapour pressure at 20oC (mPa) | - | - | - | |
| Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1) | 7.67 X 10-03 | Q2 | Non-volatile | |
GUS leaching potential index  |
0.10 | Calculated | Low leachability | |
| SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate |
Value | 1.03 X 10-03 | Calculated | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Potential for particle bound transport index |
- | Calculated | Medium | |
| Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1 | - | - | - | |
| Surface tension (mN m-1) | - | - | - | |
Degradation:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
General biodegradability | - |
| Soil degradation (days) (aerobic) | DT50 (typical) | 21 | Q2 | Non-persistent |
| DT50 (lab at 20oC) | 13.5 | L3 | Non-persistent | |
| DT50 (field) | 3 | F3 | Non-persistent | |
| DT90 (lab at 20oC) | - | - | - | |
| DT90 (field) | - | - | - | |
| DT50 modelling endpoint | - | - | - | |
| Note | Best available data; DT50 USA range 1-23 days; Lab studies 7 days sandy loam and 20 days loam (L3) | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on plant matrix | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on and in plant matrix | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7 | Value | 27 | F3 | Slow |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7 | Value | 59 | Q2 | Moderately persistent |
| Note | pH sensitive: DT50 4.3 days at pH 5, 72 days pH 9 | |||
| Water-sediment DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
| Water phase only DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
Soil adsorption and mobility:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Linear | Kd | - | F3 | Non-mobile |
| Koc | 6100 | |||
| Notes and range | Medium of 4 soil types; Other data source: 9000 mL/g (DW3) | |||
| Freundlich | Kf | - | - | - |
| Kfoc | - | |||
| 1/n | - | |||
| Notes and range | - | |||
| pH sensitivity | - | |||
Key metabolites:
| Metabolite | Formation medium | Estimated maximum occurrence fraction | 1107/2009 relevancy |
|
| trichloracetaldehyde |
Soil | 0.5 | Not assessed under 91/414 or 1107/2009 | |
| dichloracetic acid (Ref: DCA) | Soil | - | Not assessed under 91/414 or 1107/2009 | |
| trichloroacetic acid (Ref: TCA) | Soil | - | Not assessed under 91/414 or 1107/2009 | |
| O,O-diethyl phosphorothionate (Ref: DETP) | Soil | - | Not assessed under 91/414 | |
ECOTOXICOLOGY
for chlorethoxyfos
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Bio-concentration factor | BCF (l kg-1) | 2500 | Q2 | Threshold for concern |
| CT50 (days) | Not available | - | ||
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | 1.8 | F4 Rat | High | |
| Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL | (mg kg-1) | 25 | Q2 Rat | High |
| (ppm diet) | - | - | ||
| Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1) | 486 | F5 Colinus virginianus | Moderate | |
| Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50) | - | - | - | |
| Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | 0.089 | J4 Oncorhynchus mykiss | High | |
| Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | 0.00028 | F4 Cyprinodon variegatus | High | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1) | 0.00041 | L3 Daphnia magna | High | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | 0.000032 | F4 Daphnia magna | High | |
| Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | 0.000054 | F3 Americamysis bahia | High | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Non-target plants | - | - | - | |
| - | - | - | ||
| Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Honeybees (Apis spp.) | Contact acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | 0.04 | F5 | High |
| Oral acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Unknown mode acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Bumblebees (Bombus spp.) | Contact acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - |
| - | ||||
| Oral acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| - | ||||
| Mason bees (Osmia spp.) | Contact acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - |
| Oral acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Other pollinators (1) | Acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect-1) | - | - | - |
| Mode of exposure | - | |||
| Other pollinators (2) | Acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect-1) | - | - | - |
| Mode of exposure | - | |||
| Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1) | 0.39 | F5 | High | |
| Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Other soil macro-organisms | Acute LC50 (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | Chronic NOEC (mg kg-1) | - | - | - |
| Other arthropod (1) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Other arthropod (2) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Soil micro-organisms | - | - | - | |
| Mesocosm study data | NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - |
| NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - | |
HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
for chlorethoxyfos
General:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class) |
High (class III) | - | - | |
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | 1.8 | F4 Rat | High | |
| Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight) | > 20 | F3 Rat | - | |
| Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1) | 0.58 | L3 Rat | - | |
| Other Mammal toxicity endpoints | > 12.5 | F3 Rabbit | - | |
| ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg-1 bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| Dermal penetration studies (%) | - | - | - | |
| Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464 | List I | - | - | |
| Exposure Routes | Public | Dietary risks from food and drinking water are not of concern | ||
| Occupational | PPE/PPC required to mitigate expsoure risks | |||
| European MRLs | Click here for the EU MRL pesticide database | |||
| Drinking Water Standards | - | - | - | |
| Drinking Water MAC (μg l-1) | - | - | - | |
Health issues:
| Carcinogen | Genotoxic | Endocrine disrupter | Reproduction / development effects | Cholinesterase inhibitor | Neurotoxicant | |||
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A0; B0; C0; D0; E3 | - |
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| Respiratory tract irritant | Skin irritant | Skin sensitiser | Eye irritant | Phototoxicant | ||||
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| General human health issues | Highly toxic Chronic exposure may cause respiratory paralysis and death Flammable |
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| Key: Genotoxicity A: Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) B: DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) C: Gene mutation (EFSA database) D: Genome mutation (EFSA database) E: Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 0: No data 1: Positive 2: Mixed/ambiguous results 3: Negative |
Key: Other : Yes, known to cause a problem  : No, known not to cause a problem  : Possibly, status not identified - : No data found |
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Handling issues:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| General |
IMDG Transport Code is 6.1 | |||
| CLP classification 2013 | Health: H301, H310, H319, H330 Environment: H400, H410 |
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| EC Risk Classification |
T+- Very toxic: R26/27/28 Xi - Irritant: R36 N - Dangerous for the environment: R50/53 |
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| EC Safety Classification |
S26, S28, S36/37, S45, S60, S61 | |||
| WHO Classification | Ia | - | Extremely hazardous | |
| UN Number | Active 2783, liquid products 3018 | |||
| Waste disposal & packaging |
- | |||
TRANSLATIONS
for chlorethoxyfos
| Language | Name |
| English | chlorethoxyfos |
| French | chlorethoxyfos |
| German | Chlorethoxyfos |
| Danish | chlorethoxyfos |
| Italian | clorethoxyfos |
| Spanish | cloretoxifos |
| Greek | - |
| Slovenian | klortoksifos |
| Polish | chloretoksyfos |
| Swedish | - |
| Hungarian | - |
| Dutch | - |
Record last updated: Tuesday 26 November 2019
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk