| di-allate (Ref: CP 15) |
 |
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SUMMARY
Di-allate is a herbicide that no longer has approval for use in the EU. It has a low aqueous solubility but is miscible with many organic solvents. It is volatile and expected to be moderately persistent in soil systems. Di-allate is moderately toxic to mammals, carcinogenic and a recognised irritant. It is moderately toxic to fish but little data is available regarding its toxicity to other species. GENERAL INFORMATION 
for di-allate
Description: An obsolete pre-emergence herbicide used to control wild oats and other grass weeds
Example pests controlled: Wild oats; Blackgrass; Foxtails; Wild millet
Example applications: Alfalfa; Barley; Corn; Flax; Soybean; Lentils; Peas; Potatoes; Sugarbeet;
Efficacy & activity: -
Availability status: Obsolete
Introduction & key dates: 1959, first reported
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):
| Status | Not approved |
| Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur | Not applicable |
| Date inclusion expires | Expired |
| EU Candidate for substitution (CfS) | Not applicable |
| Listed in EU database | Yes |
Approved for use (
) or known to be used (
) in the following European countries: 
AT |
BE |
BG |
CY |
CZ |
DE |
DK |
EE |
EL |
ES |
FI |
FR |
HR |
HU |
IE |
IT |
LT |
LU |
LV |
MT |
NL |
PL |
PT |
RO |
SE |
SI |
SK |
UK |
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Chemical structure:
| Isomerism | Geometric isomers Z & E |
| Chemical formula | C10H17Cl2NOS |
| Canonical SMILES | CC(C)N(C(C)C)C(=O)SCC(=CCl)Cl |
| Isomeric SMILES | CC(C)N(C(C)C)C(=O)SC/C(=C/Cl)/Cl |
| International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey) | SPANOECCGNXGNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| International Chemical Identifier (InChI) | InChI=1S/C10H17Cl2NOS/c1-7(2)13(8(3)4)10(14)15-6-9(12)5-11/h5,7-8H,6H2,1-4H3/b9-5- |
| 2D structure diagram/image available? | Yes |
General status:
| Pesticide type | Herbicide | |||
| Substance group | Thiocarbamate | |||
| Minimum active substance purity | - | |||
| Known relevant impurities | - | |||
| Substance origin | Synthetic | |||
| Mode of action | Selective, inhibits lipid metabolism and thus the development of seedling shoots and roots | |||
| CAS RN | 2303-16-4 | |||
| EC number | 218-961-1 | |||
| CIPAC number | 96 | |||
| US EPA chemical code | 078801 | |||
| PubChem CID | 5284376 | |||
| Molecular mass (g mol-1) | 270.2 | |||
| PIN (Preferred Identification Name) | S-[(2E)-2,3-dichloroprop-2-en-1-yl] di(propan-2-yl)carbamothioate | |||
| IUPAC name | S-(EZ)-2,3-dichloroallyl diisopropyl(thiocarbamate) | |||
| CAS name | S-(2,3-dichloro-2-propenyl) bis(1-methylethyl)carbamothioate | |||
| Other status information | Marine Pollutant | |||
| Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards | - | |||
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC) | N | |||
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA) | - | |||
| Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Examples of recorded resistance | - | |||
| Physical state | Amber coloured liquid | |||
| Related substances & organisms | - | |||
Formulations:
| Property |
Value | |||
| Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically |
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| Example products using this active |
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| UK LERAP status | No UK approval for use as a pesticide under EC Regulation 1107/2009 | |||
| Formulation and application details | Usually formulated as an emulsifiable concentrate or as granules. | |||
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
for di-allate
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1) | 14 | H4 | Low | |
| Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1) | Miscible | L3 - Acetone | - | |
| Miscible | L3 - Ethanol | - | ||
| Miscible | L3 - Ethyl acetate | - | ||
| Miscible | L3 - Xylene | - | ||
| Melting point (oC) | 25 | L3 | - | |
| Boiling point (oC) | 97 | L3 | - | |
| Degradation point (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Flashpoint (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC | P | 1.95 X 1003 | Calculated | - |
| Log P | 3.29 | H4 | High | |
| Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity | 1.18 | Q2 | - | |
| Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC | - | - | - | |
| Note: | ||||
| Vapour pressure at 20oC (mPa) | 20 | H4 | Highly volatile | |
| Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1) | 3.86 X 10-01 | H4 | Moderately volatile | |
GUS leaching potential index  |
1.92 | Calculated | Transition state | |
| SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate |
Value | 6.53 X 10-02 | Calculated | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Potential for particle bound transport index |
- | Calculated | Low | |
| Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1 | - | - | - | |
| Surface tension (mN m-1) | - | - | - | |
Degradation:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
General biodegradability | - |
| Soil degradation (days) (aerobic) | DT50 (typical) | 30 | Q2 | Moderately persistent |
| DT50 (lab at 20oC) | - | - | - | |
| DT50 (field) | 30 | F3 | Moderately persistent | |
| DT90 (lab at 20oC) | - | - | - | |
| DT90 (field) | - | - | - | |
| DT50 modelling endpoint | - | - | - | |
| Note | Other literature data: Persistent DT50 10-90 days | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on plant matrix | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on and in plant matrix | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7 | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7 | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Water-sediment DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
| Water phase only DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
Soil adsorption and mobility:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Linear | Kd | - | H3 | Slightly mobile |
| Koc | 500 | |||
| Notes and range | - | |||
| Freundlich | Kf | - | - | - |
| Kfoc | - | |||
| 1/n | - | |||
| Notes and range | - | |||
| pH sensitivity | - | |||
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Bio-concentration factor | BCF (l kg-1) | 750 | Q2 Estimated | Threshold for concern |
| CT50 (days) | Not available | - | ||
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | 395 | V3 Rat | Moderate | |
| Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL | (mg kg-1) | - | - | - |
| (ppm diet) | - | - | ||
| Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50) | - | - | - | |
| Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | 10.1 | F2 Rasbora heteromorpha | Moderate | |
| Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Non-target plants | - | - | - | |
| - | - | - | ||
| Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Honeybees (Apis spp.) | Contact acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - |
| Oral acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Unknown mode acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Bumblebees (Bombus spp.) | Contact acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - |
| - | ||||
| Oral acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| - | ||||
| Mason bees (Osmia spp.) | Contact acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - |
| Oral acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Other pollinators (1) | Acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect-1) | - | - | - |
| Mode of exposure | - | |||
| Other pollinators (2) | Acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect-1) | - | - | - |
| Mode of exposure | - | |||
| Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Other soil macro-organisms - e.g. Collembola | LR50 / EC50 / NOEC / % Effect | - | - | - |
| Other arthropod (1) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Other arthropod (2) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Soil micro-organisms | - | - | - | |
| Mesocosm study data | NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - |
| NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - | |
HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
for di-allate
General:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class) |
High (class III) | - | - | |
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | 395 | V3 Rat | Moderate | |
| Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight) | > 2000 | L3 Rat | - | |
| Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Other Mammal toxicity endpoints | - | - | ||
| ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg-1 bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| Dermal penetration studies (%) | - | - | - | |
| Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464 | - | - | - | |
| Exposure Routes | Public | Low risk to Europeans as no longer approved for use | ||
| Occupational | Low risk to Europeans as no longer approved for use | |||
| European MRLs | Click here for the EU MRL pesticide database | |||
| Drinking Water Standards | - | - | - | |
| Drinking Water MAC (μg l-1) | - | - | - | |
Health issues:
| Carcinogen | Genotoxic | Endocrine disrupter | Reproduction / development effects | Cholinesterase inhibitor | Neurotoxicant | |||
|
A0; B0; C0; D0; E0 | - |
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| Respiratory tract irritant | Skin irritant | Skin sensitiser | Eye irritant | Phototoxicant | ||||
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- |
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- |
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| General human health issues | Exposure may cause irritability, hyperactivity and mild cardiac changes | |||||||
| Key: Genotoxicity A: Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) B: DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) C: Gene mutation (EFSA database) D: Genome mutation (EFSA database) E: Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 0: No data 1: Positive 2: Mixed/ambiguous results 3: Negative |
Key: Other : Yes, known to cause a problem  : No, known not to cause a problem  : Possibly, status not identified - : No data found |
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Handling issues:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| General |
No information available | |||
| CLP classification 2013 | Health: H302, H351 Environment: H400, H410 |
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| EC Risk Classification |
Carcinogen category 3: R40 Xn - Harmful: R22 N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53 |
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| EC Safety Classification |
S2, S25, S36/37, S60, S61 | |||
| WHO Classification | II | - | Moderately hazardous | |
| UN Number | - | |||
| Waste disposal & packaging |
- | |||
| Language | Name |
| English | di-allate |
| French | diallate |
| German | Diallat |
| Danish | diallat |
| Italian | diallate |
| Spanish | diallate; dialato |
| Greek | di-allate |
| Slovenian | di-allat |
| Polish | dialat |
| Swedish | - |
| Hungarian | - |
| Dutch | diallaat |
Record last updated: Tuesday 22 May 2018
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk