Difenoxuron (Ref: C3470)
Last updated: 22/01/2023
(Not known by any other names)
Difenoxuron is a selective, post-emergence herbicide. It has a low aqueous solubility, moderately mobile but not usually persistent in soil systems. However, it may persist in some water systems depending upon conditions. It is moderately toxic to mammals but knot known to cause any chronic health issues unless ingested at very high doses. It is moderately toxic to fish, aquatic invertebrates and algae. It is not considered to be toxic to honeybees.
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate
Ecotoxicity
Human health
An obsolete selective, post-emergence herbicide that was used to control annual broad-leaved weeds in alliums.
Nettles; Docks; Chickweed; Charlock
Onions; Garlic; Shallots; Leeks
-
Considered obsolete but may be available in some countries
1964, first reported
Not approved
Expired
No UK approval for use
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)
Not approved
Not applicable
Expired
Not applicable
Yes
ATAustria
BEBelgium
BGBulgaria
CYCyprus
CZCzech Republic
DEGermany
DKDenmark
EEEstonia
ELGreece
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ESSpain
FIFinland
FRFrance
HRCroatia
HUHungary
IEIreland
ITItaly
LTLithuania
LULuxembourg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LVLatvia
MTMalta
NLNetherlands
PLPoland
PTPortugal
RORomania
SESweden
SISlovenia
SKSlovakia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
None
C₁₆H₁₈N₂O₃
CN(C)C(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=C1)OC2=CC=C(C=C2)OC
No data
AMVYOVYGIJXTQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C16H18N2O3/c1-18(2)16(19)17-12-4-6-14(7-5-12)21-15-10-8-13(20-3)9-11-15/h4-11H,1-3H3,(H,17,19)
Yes
Herbicide
Phenylurea herbicide; Urea herbicide
-
-
Synthetic
Inhibition of photosynthesis, absorbed by roots and translocated.
14214-32-5
238-068-0
None allocated
551400
26576
No data found
286.33
N'-[4-(4-methoxyphenoxy)phenyl]-N,N-dimethylurea
3-[4-(4-methoxyphenoxy)phenyl]-1,1-dimethylurea
N'-[4-(4-methoxyphenoxy)phenyl]-N,N-dimethylurea
-
-
C2
5
Not applicable
Not applicable
-
Colourless crystalline solid
Usually supplied as a wettable powder
20
K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data
Low
156000
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source
Dichloromethane
-
63000
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source
Acetone
-
8000
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source
Benzene
-
50
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source
Hexane
-
138
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.58 X 1002
Calculated
-
2.2
K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data
Low
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.19
Q2 Q = Miscellaneous internet resources 2 = Unverified data of unknown source
-
-
-
-
-
1.20 X 1003
K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data
Highly volatile
1.28 X 10-07
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous internet resources 3 = Unverified data of known source
Non-volatile
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data
Non-persistent
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Lierature data DT₅₀ 10-20 days
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.12
K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data
Fast
-
950
K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data
Very persistent
-
56
K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data
Moderately fast
-
-
-
Soil adsorption and mobility
-
P3 P = Other governments and regulators 3 = Unverified data of known source
Moderately mobile
199
Best available data
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.14
Calculated
Transition state
7.21 X 10-02
Calculated
-
-
Low
Calculated
-
Moderately mobile
Calculated
-
29
Q2 Q = Miscellaneous internet resources 2 = Unverified data of unknown source
Estimated
Low potential
Not available
-
None
Terrestrial ecotoxicology
> 1000
Rat
Moderate
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Non-toxic
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source
Non-toxic
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
10.7
K3 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 3 = Unverified data of known source
Unknown species
Moderate
-
-
-
79
K3 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 3 = Unverified data of known source
Unknown species
Moderate
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.03
K3 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 3 = Unverified data of known source
Unknown species
Moderate
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
High (class III)
-
-
> 1000
Rat
Moderate
2150
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source
Rat
-
> 0.66
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source
Rat
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Low risk to Europeans as no longer approved for use
Low risk to Europeans as no longer approved for use
EU MRL pesticide database 
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Carcinogen
Endocrine disruptor
XNo, known not to cause a problem
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data
; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data
; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data
; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data
; E0 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 0 = No data
XNo, known not to cause a problem
Reproduction / development effects
Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor
Neurotoxicant
No data found
XNo, known not to cause a problem
No data found
Respiratory tract irritant
Skin irritant
Skin sensitiser
XNo, known not to cause a problem
XNo, known not to cause a problem
XNo, known not to cause a problem
Eye irritant
Phototoxicant
 
XNo, known not to cause a problem
No data found
 
No further information available
No information available
Health: H302, H331
U (Unlikely to present an acute hazard)
-
-
difenoxuron
difenoxuron
Difenoxuron
difenoxuron
difenoxuron
difenoxuron
-
difenoksuron
-
-
difenoxuron
Record last updated:
22/01/2023
Contact:
aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal , 22 (4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242