Glufosinate-P-ammonium (Ref: BAS 1010H) |
Last updated: 13/03/2024 |
(Also known as: L-glufosinate ammonium; BAS 6104428) |
SUMMARY |
Glufosinate-P-ammonium is a herbicide for control of a wide range of weeds. It is highly soluble in water, volatile and has a low risk of leaching to groundwater. It is non-persistent in soils but may be persistent in aquatic systems. It is moderately toxic to mammals and considered to be a neurotoxin. It shows a moderate to low toxicity to birds, most aquatic organisms, earthworms and honeybees. |
Data alerts |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate | Ecotoxicity | Human health |
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A herbicide for total vegetation control and to control a wide range of weeds and grasses | |
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Annual broad-leaved weeds including nightshade, lamb's quarters, ragweed, velvetleaf, wild mustard; Annual grasses including barnyard grass, bristly foxtail, witchgrass | |
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Oilseed rape; Maize; Potatoes; Soybeans; Non-cropped areas | |
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- | |
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Current | |
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GB regulatory status |
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Not approved | ||
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Not applicable | ||
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No UK approval for use as a pesticide |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Germany/France | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Not applicable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Yes - toxic for reproduction | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Additional information |
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Australia |
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Chemical structure |
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The biologically active L-isomer of the glufosinate ammonium salt. | |
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C₅H₁₅N₂O₄P | |
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CP(=O)(CCC(C(=O)[O-])N)O.[NH4+] | |
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CP(=O)(CC[C@@H](C(=O)[O-])N)O.[NH4+] | |
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ZBMRKNMTMPPMMK-WCCKRBBISA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C5H12NO4P.H3N/c1-11(9,10)3-2-4(6)5(7)8;/h4H,2-3,6H2,1H3,(H,7,8)(H,9,10);1H3/t4-;/m0./s1 | |
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Yes |
General status |
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Herbicide | |
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Organophosphate herbicide | |
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> 880 g kg⁻¹ | |
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- | |
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Synthetic | |
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Non-selective, contact with some systemic action. Glutamine synthetase inhibitor: accumulates ammonium ions, inhibits photosynthesis. | |
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73777-50-1 | |
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896-059-2 | |
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437 | |
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- | |
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15218600 | |
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198.16 | |
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ammonium [(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl]methylphosphinate | |
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ammonium [(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl]methylphosphinate | |
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(2S)-2-amino-4-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl)butanoic acid monoammonium salt | |
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PAN listed Highly Hazardous Chemical | |
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- | |
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H | |
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10 | |
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Not applicable | |
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Not applicable | |
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- | |
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Crystalline solid | |
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Formulations |
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Often supplied as a soluble or emulsifiable concentrate |
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500000 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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250 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Acetone4 = Verified data |
- | ||||||||
250 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Ethyl acetate4 = Verified data |
- | |||||||||
5730000 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Methanol4 = Verified data |
- | |||||||||
250 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) p-Xylene4 = Verified data |
- | |||||||||
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216.5 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
- | ||||||||
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Decomposes before boiling | A3 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- | ||||||||
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245 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
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9.77 X 10-05 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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-4.01 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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Insoluble | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
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Regulatory data | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
- | ||||||||
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1.32 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
- | ||||||||
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9.15 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
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Weak acid | |||||||||||
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3.10 X 10-02 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
Low volatility | ||||||||
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4.48 X 10-09 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
Non-volatile | ||||||||
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Neutral solution: 193nm = 382.02, 291nm = 3.12 Acidic solution: 207.25nm = 57.05, 291nm = 0.31 Basic solution: 216.75nm = 108.67, 291nm = no absorption |
A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
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72.1 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
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Degradation |
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7.4 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
Non-persistent | |||||||
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7.4 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
Non-persistent | ||||||||
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7 | B4 B = UK CRD and ACP Evaluation Documents / and other DEFRA (UK) documents; Also Chemicals Regulation Division, Health and Safety Executive (HSE), UK (click here ) 4 = Verified data |
Non-persistent | ||||||||
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25 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
Non-persistent | ||||||||
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EU dossier lab studies for glufosinate ammonia DT₅₀ range 6-11 days, DT₉₀ range 19-35 days; Other sources: DT₅₀ 16 days (DW4); 3-10 days (Q3 lab), 7-20 (Q3 field) | ||||||||||
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Stable | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
Stable | |||||||
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Stable pH 5 to pH 9 | ||||||||||
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300 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
Persistent | |||||||
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Stable pH 5 to pH 9 at 25 °C | ||||||||||
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24.5 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
Fast | ||||||||
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7.2 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
Moderately fast | ||||||||
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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- | P3 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Slightly mobile | |||||||
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600 | ||||||||||
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General literature: 10-1500 mL g⁻¹; US sources: 600 mL g⁻¹ (DW3) | ||||||||||
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2.3 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
- | |||||||
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0.93 | ||||||||||
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EU dossier for glufosinate ammonia kf range 0.2-3.4, 1/n range 0.77-1.0 | ||||||||||
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Fate indices |
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1.03 | Calculated | Low leachability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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8.57 X 10-03 | Calculated | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Low | Calculated | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Slightly mobile | Calculated | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Low risk | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Based on LogP < 35 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low risk | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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No data | - |
Known soil metabolites |
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Major fraction | - | - | |||||
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Major fraction | - | - | |||||
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Major fraction | - | - |
Known groundwater metabolites |
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Relevant | - | - | ||||||
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Not relevant | 0.021 | 126 |
Other known metabolites |
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disodium L-2-acetamido-4-methylphosphinato-butyrate | N-acetyl-glufosinate; NAG | Rat (Urine, Faeces); Plant; Water (Aerobic) | - | ||||
2-hydroxy-4-methylphosphinico-butanoic acid | MHB | Rat (Urine) | - | ||||
4-methylphosphinico-butanoic acid | MPB | Rat (Urine) | - |
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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416 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Mouse as glufosinate ammonia4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 64 | B4 B = UK CRD and ACP Evaluation Documents / and other DEFRA (UK) documents; Also Chemicals Regulation Division, Health and Safety Executive (HSE), UK (click here ) Rat as glufosinate ammonia4 = Verified data |
High | |||||||
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> 545 | - | |||||||||
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6.3 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rabbit Reproductive NOAEL as glufosinate ammonia4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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> 2000 | B4 B = UK CRD and ACP Evaluation Documents / and other DEFRA (UK) documents; Also Chemicals Regulation Division, Health and Safety Executive (HSE), UK (click here ) Coturnix japonica as glufosinate ammonia4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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1100 mg kg bw⁻¹ day⁻¹ | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Coturnix japonica as g. ammonia4 = Verified data |
- | ||||||||
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122 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Colinus virginianus NOAEL as glufosinate ammonia4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 1000 | B4 B = UK CRD and ACP Evaluation Documents / and other DEFRA (UK) documents; Also Chemicals Regulation Division, Health and Safety Executive (HSE), UK (click here ) Eisenia foetida as glufosinate ammonia4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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- | - | - | ||||||||
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Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect |
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Dose: Field rate |
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> 345 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) as glufosinate ammonia4 = Verified data |
Low | |||||||
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> 600 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) as glufosinate ammonia4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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> 97 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Chrysoperla carnea Larva as glufosinate ammonia4 = Verified data |
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100 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Aphidius rhopalosiphi Adult as glufosinate ammonia4 = Verified data |
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1.42 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Typhlodromus pyri Adult4 = Verified data |
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Aquatic ecotoxicology |
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710 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Oncorhynchus mykiss as glufosinate ammonia4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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100 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Oncorhynchus mykiss as glufosinate ammonia4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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668 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Daphnia magna as glufosinate ammonia4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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18 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Daphnia magna as glufosinate ammonia4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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7.5 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Americamysis bahia as g. ammonia4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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1.47 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Lemna gibba as glufosinate ammonia4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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46.5 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Scenedesmus quadricauda as glufosinate ammonia4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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320 | Q2 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources Unknown species2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
Low | ||||||||
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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416 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Mouse as glufosinate ammonia4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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2000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rabbit5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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1.26 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.021 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat as glufosinate5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.021 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat as glufosinate5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.0021 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat as glufosinate5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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7.0-16.0 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) concentration dependent5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Slight risk to bystanders in orchards | |||||||||
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Risk of exposure acceptable under label recommendations for use for personal protection clothing and equipment | ||||||||||
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Health issues |
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Harmful if ingested, inhaled or absorbed through the skin Possible kidney, bladder, blood and lungs toxicant |
Handling issues |
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Not explosive or oxidising Not expected to auto-ignite; Not highly flammable |
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Health: H302, H312, H332, H360DF, H373 | |||
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II (Moderately hazardous) | |||
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Not regulated | |||
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Record last updated: | 13/03/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |