Mancozeb

Mancozeb	Last updated: 31/10/2024
(Also known as: manzeb)

SUMMARY

Mancozeb is a fungicide that was once commonly used. It has a low aqueous solubility, is quite volatile and not expected to leach to groundwater. It is not persistent in soil systems but may be persistent in water under certain conditions. Mancozeb has a low mammalian toxicity by has been associated with adverse reproduction/development effects. It is highly toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates, and moderately toxic to birds and earthworms. The toxicity of mancozeb to honeybees is low.

Data alerts

The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.

Environmental fate	Ecotoxicity	Human health
Environmental fate Moderate alert: Drainflow: Slightly mobile	Ecotoxicity High alert: Fish acute ecotoxicity: High; Fish chronic ecotoxicity: High; Daphnia acute ecotoxicity: High; Daphnia chronic ecotoxicity: High	Human health High alert: Endocrine disrupter

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

A fungicide for control of a wide range of pathogens including blights and scabs on crops

Example pests controlled

Potato blight; Leaf spot; Scab; Rust

Example applications

Potatoes; Fruit including apples, pears, grapes; Cotton; Corn; Sunflowers; Peanuts; Tomatoes; Cereals; Ornamental shrubs including roses

Efficacy & activity

Can be product specific but generally - Wheat/Mildew=Low; Wheat/Septoria tritici=Moderate; Wheat/Rust=Low. Efficiacy demonstrated by field trials and extensive use.

Availability status

Current

Introduction & key dates

1961, first reported

GB regulatory status

GB COPR regulatory status

Not approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

Withdrawn

GB LERAP status

Check label - may vary with formulation

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Not approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Greece

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

Expired

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece

ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg

LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 by Mutual Recognition of Authorisation and/or national regulations in the following EEA countries

ISIceland	NONorway

Additional information

Also used in

Australia, USA

Chemical structure

Isomerism

None

Chemical formula

(C₄H₆MnN₂S₄)x(Zn)y

Canonical SMILES

C(CNC(=S)[S-])NC(=S)[S-].C(CNC(=S)[S-])NC(=S)[S-].[Mn+2].[Zn+2]

Isomeric SMILES

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

CHNQZRKUZPNOOH-UHFFFAOYSA-J

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/2C4H8N2S4.Mn.Zn/c2*7-3(8)5-1-2-6-4(9)10;;/h2*1-2H2,(H2,5,7,8)(H2,6,9,10);;/q;;2*+2/p-4

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

General status

Pesticide type

Fungicide, Insecticide

Substance groups

Carbamate fungicide; Dithiocarbamate fungicide; Organometal fungicide; Organozinc fungicide

Minimum active substance purity

85% w/w

Known relevant impurities

EU dossier - Ethylene thiourea

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Broad spectrum, non-systemic, contact with protective action, acts by distrupting lipid metabolism. Multi-site activity.

CAS RN

8018-01-7

Alternative/old CAS RN

8065-67-6

EC number

616-995-5

CIPAC number

US EPA chemical code

014504

PubChem CID

13307026

CLP index number

006-076-00-1

Molecular mass

271.3

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

IUPAC name

manganese ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) (polymeric) complex with zinc salt

CAS name

((2-((dithiocarboxy)amino)ethyl)carbamodithioato))(2-)-kS,kS')manganese mixture with((2-((dithiocarboxy)amino)ethyl)carbamodithioato))(2-)-kS,kS')zinc

Other status information

Marine Pollutant

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

UK Environment Agency non-statutory standard for the protection of aquatic life in freshwater and saltwater annual average 2 µg l⁻¹, max acceptable conc 20 µg l⁻¹

Herbicide Resistance Class (HRAC MoA class)

Not applicable

Herbicide Resistance Class (WSSA MoA class)

Not applicable

Insecticide Resistance Class (IRAC MoA class)

Fungicide Resistance Class (FRAC MOA class)

M03

Examples of recorded resistance

Physical state

Grey to yellow coloured powder

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

AgriGuard
Certis
Dow AgroSciences
DuPont
Headland
Interfarm
Nufarm
Sipcam
Syngenta

Example products using this active

Fubol Gold
Dithane Dry Flowable
Dithane 945
Karamate DryFlo
Manzate 75WG
Matilda WG
Penncozeb

Formulation and application details

Often supplied as wettable granules and powders

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

6.2

Low

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

100

n-Heptane

100

Xylene

100

Acetone

100

Ethyl acetate

Melting point (°C)

189

Boiling point (°C)

Decomposes before boiling

Degradation point (°C)

210

Flashpoint (°C)

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

2.00 X 10⁰²

Calculated

Log P

2.3

Low

Fat solubility of residues

Solubility

Soluble

Data type

Regulatory data

Density (g ml⁻¹)

1.98

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

10.3

Very weak acid

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

0.056

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

6.17 X 10^-02

Non-volatile

Volatilisation as max % of applied dose lost

From plant surface

From soil surface

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

0.05

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

0.05

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

DT₉₀ (field)

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

EU 2018 dossier lab studies DT₅₀ range 0.015-0.74 days, Soils=9

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on plant matrix

Value

5.6

Note

Published literature RL₅₀ range 1.8-15.0 days, 9 field & undercover grown crops, various matrices, n=11

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on and in plant matrix

Value

5.3

Note

Published literature RL₅₀ range 0.7-13.7 days, 9 field crops, various matrices, n=15

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

Stable

Note

Not a significant route of degradation

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

1.3

Non-persistent

Note

pH variable: DT₅₀ 2-36 hours at pH 5, 5.5-55 hours at pH 7, 15 hours at pH 9

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

Moderately fast

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

0.2

Fast

Sediment phase only DT₅₀ (days)

Air degradation

As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below.

Decay in stored produce DT₅₀

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d (mL g⁻¹)

9.7

Slightly mobile

K_oc (mL g⁻¹)

998

Notes and range

EU 2001 dossier K_d range 7.26-11.67 mL g⁻¹, K_oc range 363-2334 mL g⁻¹, Soils=4

Freundlich

K_f (mL g⁻¹)

9.7

Slightly mobile

K_foc (mL g⁻¹)

771

¹/_n

0.74

Notes and range

EU 2018 dossier K_f range 7.26-11.67 mL g⁻¹, K_foc range 363-2334 mL g⁻¹, ¹/_n range 0.69-0.78, Soils=4

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

-1.45

Calculated

Low leachability

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

1.11 X 10^-06

Calculated

Note

Potential for particle bound transport index

Low

Calculated

Potential for loss via drain flow

Slightly mobile

Calculated

Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀ (hrs) as indicator of long-range air transport risk

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

3.2

Low potential

CT₅₀ (days)

Not available

Known soil metabolites

Metabolite

Major/Minor fraction

$Click here for further information on Major/Minor fraction$

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Notes

ethylenethiourea

Major fraction

0.248

ethylene urea

Major fraction

0.185

etem

Major fraction

0.291

ethylene thiuram disulfide

Minor fraction

unidentified metabolite M11

Major fraction

0.203

Known groundwater metabolites

None

Other known metabolites

None

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Terrestrial ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 5000

Rat

Low

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

(ppm diet)

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Rat Reproductive NOAEL

Moderate

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 2000

Anas platyrhynchos

Low

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

> 860 mg kg bw⁻¹ day⁻¹

Colinus virginianus

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

18.8

Anas platyrhynchos NOEC

Moderate

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 299.1

Eisenia foetida

Moderate

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

20.0

Eisenia foetida

Moderate

Soil micro-organisms

Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect
Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect

Dose: 4.2 kg ha⁻¹

Collembola

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Folsomia candida

Non-target plants

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 85.3

Apis mellifera

Moderate

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 110.0

Apis mellifera

Low

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Chronic as 10-day LC₅₀ µg bee⁻¹ day⁻¹

> 51.37

Apis mellifera

Notes

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other bee species (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other bee species (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Beneficial insects (Ladybirds)

Beneficial insects (Lacewings) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

518

Chrysoperla carnea

Beneficial insects (Parasitic wasps) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

297

Aphidius rhopalosiphi

Beneficial insects (Predatory mites) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

21.47

Typhlodromus pyri

Beneficial insects (Ground beetles) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

> 1600

Poecilus cupreus

Aquatic ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.074

Oncorhynchus mykiss

High

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.0022

Oncorhynchus mykiss 34 day NOEC

High

Tropical Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.4

Danio rerio Embryo

Moderate

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.073

Daphnia magna

High

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.0073

Daphnia magna

High

Tropical Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

1.04

Lemna minor

Moderate

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

0.044

Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata

Moderate

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

0.032

Invertebrates and phytoplankton

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

Marine bivalves

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 5000

Rat

Low

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

2000

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 5.0

Rat 4 hr (whole body)

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.023

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.15

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.075

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.011

Dermal penetration studies (%)

0.11-0.24

concentration dependent

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

List II

Exposure Routes

Public

Occupational

MRLs

European

EU MRL pesticide database

Great Britain

GB MRL Register

Notes

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Mammalian dose elimination route and rate

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

Possibly

General human health issues

May cause ovarian hyperthropy
Possible thyroid toxicant
US EPA - probable human carcinogen

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

Not explosive or oxidising
IMDG Transport Hazard Class 6.1
Not expected to auto-ignite; Not highly flammable

CLP classification 2013

Health: H317, H361d
Environment: H400

WHO Classification

U (Unlikely to present an acute hazard)

UN Number

UN2757

Waste disposal & packaging

Packaging Group III (minor danger)

Shelf-life, storage, stability and reactivity

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

mancozeb

French

mancozebe

German

Mancozeb

Danish

mancozeb

Italian

mancozeb

Spanish

mancoceb

Greek

mancozeb

Polish

mankozeb

Swedish

mankozeb

Hungarian

mancozeb

Dutch

mancozeb

Norwegian

Record last updated:	31/10/2024
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242