Phosphamidon (Ref: OMS 1325)

Phosphamidon (Ref: OMS 1325)	Last updated: 13/10/2023
(Also known as: foszfamidon; famfos; ENT 25515; C 570)

SUMMARY

Data alerts

The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.

Environmental fate	Ecotoxicity	Human health
Environmental fate High alert: Drainflow: Mobile	Ecotoxicity High alert: Birds acute ecotoxicity: High; Daphnia acute ecotoxicity: High; Daphnia chronic ecotoxicity: High; Bees acute contact ecotoxicity: High	Human health High alert: Mammals acute toxicity: High; Genotoxic; Endocrine disrupter; Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor; Neurotoxicant

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

An insecticide and nematicide used to control a very wide range of pests including sucking, chewing and boring insects

Example pests controlled

Aphids; Leaf miners; Spruce budworm; Beetles; Thrips; Codling moth; Grasshoppers; Bollworms

Example applications

Rice; Citrus; Nuts; Cotton; Sugarcane; Potatoes; Peas & beans; Strawberries

Efficacy & activity

Availability status

Introduction & key dates

circa 1960

UK regulatory status

UK COPR regulatory status

Not approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

Expired

UK LERAP status

No UK approval for use

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Not approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Germany

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

Expired

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece

ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg

LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 by Mutual Recognition of Authorisation and/or national regulations in the following EEA countries

ISIceland	NONorway

Additional information

Also used in

Chemical structure

Isomerism

Exists in both E- and Z- isomeric forms

Chemical formula

C₁₀H₁₉ClNO₅P

Canonical SMILES

CCN(CC)C(=O)C(=C(C)OP(=O)(OC)OC)Cl

Isomeric SMILES

CCN(CC)C(=O)/C(=C(\C)/OP(=O)(OC)OC)/Cl

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

RGCLLPNLLBQHPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C10H19ClNO5P/c1-6-12(7-2)10(13)9(11)8(3)17-18(14,15-4)16-5/h6-7H2,1-5H3/b9-8-

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

General status

Pesticide type

Insecticide, Acaricide

Substance groups

Organophosphate insecticide; Organophosphate nematicide

Minimum active substance purity

Known relevant impurities

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Strong stomach action and slight contact action. Cholinesterase inhibitor.

CAS RN

13171-21-6

EC number

236-116-5

CIPAC number

110

US EPA chemical code

018201

PubChem CID

3032604

CLP index number

015-022-00-6

Molecular mass

299.69

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

IUPAC name

(EZ)-2-chloro-2-diethylcarbamoyl-1-methylvinyl dimethyl phosphate

CAS name

2-chloro-3-(diethylamino)-1-methyl-3-oxo-1-propenyl dimethyl phosphate

Other status information

Severe Marine Pollutant; Rotterdam Convention (Class Ia) - some formulations subject to PIC regulations; Subject to the provisions of the UK Poisons Act 1972

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Class (HRAC MoA class)

Not applicable

Herbicide Resistance Class (WSSA MoA class)

Not applicable

Insecticide Resistance Class (IRAC MoA class)

Fungicide Resistance Class (FRAC MOA class)

Not applicable

Examples of recorded resistance

Amblyseius fallacis, Boophilus microplus, Myzus persicae, Phorodon humuli, tetranychus urticae, many others

Physical state

Pale yellow liquid

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

King Tech Corp
Syngenta
United Phosphorus
Ciba Geigy

Example products using this active

Hawk
Phosron
Alfamidon
KinadonPlus
Dimecron

Formulation and application details

Available as a liquid, soluble concentrate and ULV for waterless spraying

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

1000000

High

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

Miscible

Acetone

Miscible

Toluene

Miscible

Dichloromethane

Melting point (°C)

-45

Boiling point (°C)

Degradation point (°C)

Flashpoint (°C)

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

6.24 X 10⁰⁰

Calculated

Log P

0.795

Low

Fat solubility of residues

Solubility

Data type

Density (g ml⁻¹)

1.21

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

2.93

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

8.80 X 10^-07

Non-volatile

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

9.2

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

Non-persistent

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

DT₉₀ (field)

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

Other sources: DT₅₀ 17 days (DW4)

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on plant matrix

Value

4.0

Note

Orange, various matrices, n=2

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on and in plant matrix

Value

6.1

Note

Published literature RL₅₀ range 1.0-11.0 days, 5 field crops, various matrices, n=7

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

Note

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

Moderately persistent

Note

Other data: DT₅₀ 60 days at pH 5, 54 days at pH 7, 12 days at pH 9, all at 20 °C (L3)

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

Fast

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d

Mobile

K_oc

Notes and range

Other sources: 7 mL g⁻¹ (DW3)

Freundlich

K_f

K_foc

¹/_n

Notes and range

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

2.68

Calculated

Transition state

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

9.06 X 10^-02

Calculated

Note

Potential for particle bound transport index

Low

Calculated

Potential for loss via drain flow

Mobile

Calculated

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

Estimated

Low potential

CT₅₀ (days)

Not available

Known metabolites

None

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Terrestrial ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

7.0

Rat

High

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

(ppm diet)

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

3.1

Anas platyrhynchos

High

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

Soil micro-organisms

Collembola

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Non-target plants

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

0.17

Apis mellifera

High

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 1.46

Apis mellifera

Moderate

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Chronic

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other bee species (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

0.0003

Megachile rotundata

High

Mode of exposure

Contact

Other bee species (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

0.0054

Nomia melanderi

High

Mode of exposure

Contact

Beneficial insects (Ladybirds)

Beneficial insects (Lacewings)

Harmful

Chrysoperla carnea

Beneficial insects (Parasitic wasps)

Beneficial insects (Predatory mites)

Harmful

Typhlodromus pyri

Beneficial insects (Ground beetles)

Aquatic ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Moderate

Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.008

Daphnia magna

High

Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

> 0.001

Daphnia magna

High

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 0.090

Americamysis bahia

High

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

> 260

Unknown species

Low

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

7.0

Rat

High

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

267

Rabbit

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.033

Mouse

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.0005

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

Dermal penetration studies (%)

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

List I; List II

Exposure Routes

Public

Occupational

Readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, through the skin and by inhalation of spray mists and dusts

MRLs

European

EU MRL pesticide database

Great Britain

GB MRL Register

Notes

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Mammalian dose elimination route and rate

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

No data found

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

No data found

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

No data found

General human health issues

Extremely hazardous
Mutagenic potential; Suspected of causing genetic defects
US EPA - possible human carcinogen

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

IMDG Transport Hazard Class 6.1

CLP classification 2013

Health: H300, H311, H341
Environment: H400, H410

WHO Classification

Ia (Extremely hazardous)

UN Number

UN3018

Waste disposal & packaging

Shelf-life, storage, stability and reactivity

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

phosphamidon

French

phosphamidon

German

Phosphamidon

Danish

phosphamidon

Italian

fosamidone

Spanish

fosfamidon

Greek

phosphamidon

Polish

fosfamidon

Swedish

Hungarian

foszamidon

Dutch

fosfamidon

Norwegian

Record last updated:	13/10/2023
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242