Prosulfuron (Ref: CGA 152005)

Prosulfuron (Ref: CGA 152005)	Last updated: 17/03/2024
(Also known as: proszulfuron)

SUMMARY

Prosulfuron is a broad-spectrum herbicide. It is highly soluble in water and many organic solvents, is volatile, mobile and has a high potential for leaching to groundwater. It is generally moderately persistent in soil systems but can be very persistent in aquatic systems. It is moderately toxic to mammals but is not expected to bioaccumulate. It is moderately toxic to birds, honeybees, earthworms and fish but less so to aquatic invertebrates. It is highly toxic to algae and aquatic plants.

Data alerts

The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.

Environmental fate	Ecotoxicity	Human health
Environmental fate High alert: GUS: High leachability; Drainflow: Very mobile	Ecotoxicity High alert: Birds chronic ecotoxicity: High	Human health Moderate alert: Mammals acute toxicity: Moderate; Reproduction/development effects

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

A herbicide used for broad-spectrum control of annual broad-leaved weeds

Example pests controlled

Buckwheat; Cocklebur; Lambsquarter; Wild mustard; Ragweed; Velvetleaf; Pigweed; Foxtail; Barnyard grass

Example applications

Sorghum; Millet; Winter wheat; Forage and grain maize; Soybean

Efficacy & activity

Availability status

Current

Introduction & key dates

1994, introduced

UK regulatory status

UK COPR regulatory status

Approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

31/07/2028

UK LERAP status

Check label - may vary with formulation

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

France/Slovakia

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

31/07/2024

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Yes - two 'Persistent-Bioaccumulative-Toxic' criteria

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece
✓	✓	✓		✓	✓			✓
ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg
✓		✓	✓	✓		✓		✓
LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia
	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓		✓	✓

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 by Mutual Recognition of Authorisation and/or national regulations in the following EEA countries

ISIceland	NONorway

Additional information

Also used in

Chemical structure

Isomerism

None

Chemical formula

C₁₅H₁₆F₃N₅O₄S

Canonical SMILES

CC1=NC(=NC(=N1)OC)NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2CCC(F)(F)F

Isomeric SMILES

No data

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

LTUNNEGNEKBSEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C15H16F3N5O4S/c1-9-19-12(22-14(20-9)27-2)21-13(24)23-28(25,26)11-6-4-3-5-10(11)7-8-15(16,17)18/h3-6H,7-8H2,1-2H3,(H2,19,20,21,22,23,24)

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre diagrams

Common Name	Relationship	Link
prosulfuron	-

General status

Pesticide type

Herbicide

Substance groups

Sulfonylurea herbicide; Triazinylsulfonylurea herbicide; Urea herbicide

Minimum active substance purity

950 g kg⁻¹

Known relevant impurities

EU dossier - 2-(3,3,3-trifluoro-propyl)-benzene sulfonamide <10 g kg⁻¹

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Absorbed by leaves and roots. Inhibits plant amino acid synthesis - acetohydroxyacid synthase AHAS

CAS RN

94125-34-5

EC number

619-000-2

CIPAC number

579

US EPA chemical code

129031

PubChem CID

91751

CLP index number

016-084-00-7

Molecular mass

419.38

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

IUPAC name

1-(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-3-[2-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)phenylsulfonyl]urea

CAS name

N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]-2-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)benzenesulfonamide

Other status information

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Class (HRAC MoA class)

Herbicide Resistance Class (WSSA MoA class)

Insecticide Resistance Class (IRAC MoA class)

Not applicable

Fungicide Resistance Class (FRAC MOA class)

Not applicable

Examples of recorded resistance

Amaranthus rudis, Kochia scoparia

Physical state

Colourless to pale beige crystals

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

Syngenta

Example products using this active

Jester
Peak 75WG

Formulation and application details

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

4000

High

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

160000

Acetone

6100

Toluene

56000

Ethyl acetate

8400

Ethanol

Melting point (°C)

155

Boiling point (°C)

Decomposes before boiling

Degradation point (°C)

155

Flashpoint (°C)

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

3.16 X 10⁰¹

Calculated

Log P

1.5

at 25 °C

Low

Fat solubility of residues

Solubility

Insolble

Data type

Regulatory data

Density (g ml⁻¹)

1.45

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

3.76

Weak acid

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

3.50 X 10^-03

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

3.00 X 10^-04

Non-volatile

Volatilisation as max % of applied dose lost

From plant surface

Negligible

24 hr

From soil surface

Negligible

24 hr

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

227.5nm = 21645, shoulder at 250nm, no absorption >290 nm

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

63.0

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

62.1

Moderately persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

62.1

Moderately persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

11.9

Non-persistent

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

404

Very persistent

DT₉₀ (field)

46.0

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

EU dossier lab studies DT₅₀ range 15.4-229 days, DT₉₀ range 107-700 days, field studies DT₅₀ range 3.8-38.9 days, DT₉₀ range 15.2-129 days

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on plant matrix

Value

Note

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on and in plant matrix

Value

Note

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

242

Stable

Note

DT₅₀: 178-337 days in dark at pH 9 and 25 °C, 257-198 days in sunlight

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

Stable

Note

pH sensitive: DT₅₀ 5-12 days at pH 5, 424-651 days at pH 7, 682-1690 days at pH 9, all at 25 °C

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

173

Slow

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

103

Stable

Air degradation

As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below.

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d

K_oc

Notes and range

Freundlich

K_f

0.34

Very mobile

K_foc

14.2

¹/_n

0.87

Notes and range

EU dossier K_f range 0.03-1.45 mL g⁻¹, K_foc range 3.9-237.3 mL g⁻¹, ¹/_n range 0.81-1.21, Soils=9

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

3.06

Calculated

High leachability

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

1.26 X 10^-01

Calculated

Note

Potential for particle bound transport index

Low

Calculated

Potential for loss via drain flow

Very mobile

Calculated

Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀ (hrs) as indicator of long-range air transport risk

Calculated using the Atkinson method. Assumed 1.5E+06 OH/cm³, 12 hr

Below the level of concern for long-range air transport

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

0.13

Low potential

CT₅₀ (days)

Not available

Known soil metabolites

Metabolite

Major/Minor fraction

$Click here for further information on Major/Minor fraction$

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Notes

2-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)phenyl sulfonamide (Ref: CGA 159902)

Major fraction

0.474

Aerobic; Syngenta verified

2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine (Ref: CGA 150829)

Major fraction

0.406

Aerobic; Syngenta verified

O-desmethyl triasulfuron (Ref: CGA 300406)

Major fraction

0.240

Aerobic; Syngenta verified

demethoxy amino-prosulfosulfuron (Ref: CGA 325025)

Major fraction

0.174

Aerobic; Syngenta verified

N-(carbamimidoylcarbamoyl)-2-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)benzenesulfonamide (Ref: CGA 349707)

Major fraction

0.226

Aerobic; Syngenta verified

Known groundwater metabolites

None

Other known metabolites

Metabolite name and reference

Aliases

Formation medium / Rate

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Metabolising enzymes

Ref: CGA 150829
Note: Syngenta verified

Water; Sediment

Minor fraction

Ref: CGA 325028
Note: Syngenta verified

Water; Sediment

Minor fraction

Ref: CGA 325030
Note: Syngenta verified

Water; Sediment

Ref: CGA 349707
Note: Syngenta verified

Surface water; Sediment

0.161

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Terrestrial ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

546

Rat

Moderate

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

Rat

High

(ppm diet)

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

251

Rat Reproductive NOAEL

Low

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 1300

Anas platyrhynchos

Moderate

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

> 5000 mg kg feed⁻¹

Colinus virginianus

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

2.95

Anas platyrhynchos NOEL

High

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 1000

Eisenia foetida

Low

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

0.73

Eisenia foetida

Moderate

Soil micro-organisms

Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect
Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect

Dose: Not stated 28 Day

Collembola

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

0.225

Folsomia candida

Non-target plants

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 100

Apis mellifera

Low

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 100

Apis mellifera

Low

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Chronic

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other bee species (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other bee species (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Beneficial insects (Ladybirds) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

> 15.3

Coccinella septempunctata Larva

Beneficial insects (Lacewings)

Beneficial insects (Parasitic wasps) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

> 40.0

Aphidius rhopalosiphi

Beneficial insects (Predatory mites) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

> 15

Typhlodromus pyri Protonymph

Beneficial insects (Ground beetles) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

> 15.0

Poecilus cupreus

Aquatic ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 100

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Low

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

5.8

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Moderate

Tropical Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

8.84

Danio rerio EC₅₀ Embryo

Moderate

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 120

Daphnia magna

Low

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

148

Daphnia magna

Low

Tropical Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

0.00126

Lemna gibba

High

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

0.0089

Raphidocelis subcapitata

High

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

546

Rat

Moderate

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

2000

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 5.4

Rat (nose only)

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.02

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.1

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.06

Dermal penetration studies (%)

0.1-4.0

concentration dependent

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

List II

Exposure Routes

Public

No unacceptable risks to bystanders identified

Occupational

No unacceptable risks to operators or other workers identified

MRLs

European

EU MRL pesticide database

Great Britain

GB MRL Register

Notes

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Mammalian dose elimination route and rate

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

No data found

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

No data found

General human health issues

Possible liver, heart & blood toxicant

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

Not explosive or oxidising
IMDG Transport Hazard Class 9
Not expected to auto-ignite; Not highly flammable

CLP classification 2013

Health: H302
Environment: H400, H410

WHO Classification

Not listed (Not listed)

UN Number

UN3077

Waste disposal & packaging

Packaging Group III (minor danger)

Shelf-life, storage, stability and reactivity

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

prosulfuron

French

prosulfuron

German

Prosulfuron

Danish

prosulfuron

Italian

prosolfuron

Spanish

prosulfuron

Greek

Polish

prosulfuron

Swedish

Hungarian

Dutch

prosulfuron

Norwegian

Record last updated:	17/03/2024
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242