Chlorthiophos (Ref: ENT 27635)

Chlorthiophos (Ref: ENT 27635)	Last updated: 04/01/2021
(Also known as: chlorthiophos; CM S-2957; celathion; OMS 1342; S 2597)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

An obsolete organophosphate insecticide used mainly for the control of ants and mites

Example pests controlled

Ants; Termites; Mites including varroa mite, phytophagous mites, spidermites; Thrips

Example applications

Cotton; Citrus

Efficacy & activity

Availability status

Obsolete

Introduction & key dates

1971, first reported

UK regulatory status

UK COPR regulatory status

Not approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

Expired

UK LERAP status

No UK approval for use

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Not approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Not applicable

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

Expired

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Not applicable

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece

ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg

LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia

Also used in

Chemical structure

Isomerism

Reaction mix of three isomers

Chemical formula

C₁₁H₁₅Cl₂O₃PS₂

Canonical SMILES

CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=CC(=C(C=C1Cl)Cl)SC

Isomeric SMILES

No data

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

WIQNXNHXIZXZFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C11H15Cl2O3PS2/c1-4-14-17(18,15-5-2)16-8-6-9(12)11(13)10(7-8)19-3/h6-7H,4-5H2,1-3H3

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

General status

Pesticide type

Insecticide, Acaricide, Miticide

Substance group

Organophosphate

Minimum active substance purity

Known relevant impurities

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor.

CAS RN

60238-56-4

EC number

CIPAC number

8062

US EPA chemical code

111814

PubChem CID

30859

Molecular mass

361.25

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

reaction mixture of the three isomers: (i) O-[2,4-dichloro-5-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl] O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate; (ii) O-[2,5-dichloro-4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl] O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate (major component); and (iii) O-[4,5-dichloro-2-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl] O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate

IUPAC name

mix of (i) O-2,4-dichlorophenyl-5-methylthiophenyl O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate; (ii) O-2,5-dichlorophenyl-4-methylthiophenyl O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate (major component); and (iii) O-4,5-dichlorophenyl-2-methylthiophenyl O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate

CAS name

O-[dichloro(methylthio)phenyl] O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate

Other status information

Marine Pollutant

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)

Not applicable

Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA)

Not applicable

Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)

Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)

Not applicable

Examples of recorded resistance

Culex pipiens pipiens

Physical state

Yellow-brown liquid

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

Celathion

Example products using this active

Shell Agrar
Celamerck

Formulation and application details

Was available in a wide variety of formulations including emulsifiable concentrates, dry powders, granules and wettable powders

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

Melting point (°C)

Boiling point (°C)

Degradation point (°C)

Flashpoint (°C)

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

2.19 X 10⁰⁴

Calculated

Log P

4.34

High

Bulk density (g ml⁻¹)

1.46

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

0.122

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

DT₅₀ (field)

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

DT₉₀ (field)

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on plant matrix

Value

Note

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on and in plant matrix

Value

Note

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

Note

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

Note

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d

Non-mobile

K_oc

5461

Notes and range

Estimated

Freundlich

K_f

K_foc

¹/_n

Notes and range

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

Cannot be calculated

Note

Potential for particle bound transport index

Potential for loss via drain flow

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

CT₅₀ (days)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

7.8

Rat

High

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

(ppm diet)

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

1.3

Lepomis macrochirus

Moderate

Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

Non-target plants

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other pollinators (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other pollinators (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

Other soil macro-organisms

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Other arthropod (1)

LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

% Effect

Other arthropod (2)

LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

% Effect

Soil micro-organisms

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

7.8

Rat

High

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

153

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

Dermal penetration studies (%)

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

Exposure Routes

Public

Occupational

Absorbed by the skin, as well as by the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts

MRLs

European

EU MRL pesticide database

Notes

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

No data found

; ; ; ;

No data found

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

No data found

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

No data found

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

No data found

General human health issues

Extremely hazardous
May cause conjunctival congestion and diminished vision
May cause gastrointestinal symptoms

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

May generate highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas under certain conditions
Corrosive

CLP classification 2013

Health: H300, H311
Environment: H400, H410

EC Risk Classification

T+ - Very Toxic: R28
T - Toxic: R24
N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53

EC Safety Classification

WHO Classification

Ia (Extremely hazardous)

UN Number

Waste disposal & packaging

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

chlorthiophos

French

German

Danish

Italian

clortiofos

Spanish

Greek

Polish

chlortiofos

Swedish

Hungarian

Dutch

Record last updated:	04/01/2021
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242