Thifluzamide (Ref: MON 24000)	Last updated: 25/05/2018
(Also known as: RH 130753; RH 0753)

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GENERAL INFORMATION

Description	A carboximide systemic fungicide used for rice and other crops
Example pests controlled	Basidomycetes spp.; Sheath blight; Limb rot; Blacl scurf
Example applications	Rice; Potatoes; Maize; Peanuts; Cotton; Coffee
Efficacy & activity	-
Availability status	Current
Introduction & key dates	1997

UK regulatory status

UK approval status	Not approved

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Directive 91/414 Status	Not approved
Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur	Not applicable
Date inclusion expires	Not applicable
EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)	Not applicable
Listed in EU database	No
Approved for use (✓) or known to be used (#) in the following EU-27 Member States	ATAustria BEBelgium BGBulgaria CYCyprus CZCzech Republic DEGermany DKDenmark EEEstonia ELGreece                   ESSpain FIFinland FRFrance HRCroatia HUHungary IEIreland ITItaly LTLithuania LULuxembourg                   LVLatvia MTMalta NLNetherlands PLPoland PTPortugal RORomania SESweden SISlovenia SKSlovakia

Also used in

Also used in	Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, Venezuela, Japan, Korea, China, Vietnam

Chemical structure

Isomerism	-
Chemical formula	C₁₃H₆Br₂F₆N₂O₂S
Canonical SMILES	CC1=NC(=C(S1)C(=O)NC2=C(C=C(C=C2Br)OC(F)(F)F)Br)C(F)(F)F
Isomeric SMILES	No data
International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)	WOSNCVAPUOFXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
International Chemical Identifier (InChI)	InChI=1S/C13H6Br2F6N2O2S/c1-4-22-10(12(16,17)18)9(26-4)11(24)23-8-6(14)2-5(3-7(8)15)25-13(19,20)21/h2-3H,1H3,(H,23,24)
2D structure diagram/image available?	Yes

General status

Pesticide type	Fungicide
Substance group	Carboxamide
Minimum active substance purity	-
Known relevant impurities	-
Substance origin	Synthetic
Mode of action	Systemic, absorbed by roots and translocated, inhibits succinate dehydrogenase in the tricarboxylic acid cycle
CAS RN	130000-40-7
EC number	-
CIPAC number	None allocated
US EPA chemical code	-
PubChem CID	86389
Molecular mass	528.06
PIN (Preferred Identification Name)	N-[2,6-dibromo-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide
IUPAC name	2',6'-dibromo-2-methyl-4'-trifluoromethoxy-4-trifluoromethyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxanilide
CAS name	N-(2,6-dibromo-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-2-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)-5-thiazolecarboxamide
Other status information	-
Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards	-
Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)	Not applicable
Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA)	Not applicable
Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)	Not applicable
Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)	7
Examples of recorded resistance	-
Physical state	Off-white powder

Formulations

Property	Value
Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically	Greatam Jangta Pulsor Beam Prince
Example products using this active	Dow AgroSciences Nissan Chemicals
UK LERAP status	No UK approval for use as a pesticide under EC Regulation 1107/2009
Formulation and application details	-

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property		Value	Source; quality score; and other information	Interpretation
Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)		7.6	E4 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 4 = Verified data	Low
Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)		-	-	-
Melting point (°C)		178	E4 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 4 = Verified data	-
Boiling point (°C)		Decomposes before boiling	L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source	-
Degradation point (°C)		-	-	-
Flashpoint (°C)		177	L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source	-
Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C	P	1.45 X 1004	Calculated	-
	Log P	4.16	L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source	High
Bulk density (g ml⁻¹)		2.0	L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source	-
Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C		11.0	E4 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 4 = Verified data	-
		Very weak acid
Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)		1.01 X 10-06	E4 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 4 = Verified data	Low volatility
Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)		-	-	-
GUS leaching potential index		3.47	Calculated	High leachability
SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate	Value	6.59 X 10-01	Calculated	-
	Note	-
Potential for particle bound transport index		Medium	Calculated	-
Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹		-	-	-
Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)		-	-	-

Degradation

Property		Value	Source; quality score; and other information	Interpretation
General biodegradability		-
Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)	DT₅₀ (typical)	1145	L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source	Very persistent
	DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)	-	-	-
	DT₅₀ (field)	-	-	-
	DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)	-	-	-
	DT₉₀ (field)	-	-	-
	DT₅₀ modelling endpoint	-	-	-
	Note	General literature DT₅₀ range 992-1298 days
Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on plant matrix	Value	-	-	-
	Note	-
Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on and in plant matrix	Value	10.2	R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data	-
	Note	Published literature RL₅₀ range 9.1-11.3 days, seedlings & grains of rice, n=2
Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7	Value	3.7	E4 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 4 = Verified data	Moderately fast
	Note	-
Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7	Value	Stable	L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source	Stable
	Note	-
Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)		-	-	-
Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)		-	-	-

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property		Value	Source; quality score; and other information	Interpretation
Linear	Kd	-	E4 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 4 = Verified data	Slightly mobile
	Koc	734
	Notes and range	Manufacturers published Koc 472-996 mL g⁻¹ (E4) General literature koc range 400-1000 mL g⁻¹ (L3)
Freundlich	Kf	-	-	-
	Kfoc	-
	1/n	-
	Notes and range	-
pH sensitivity		-

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Property		Value	Source; quality score; and other information	Interpretation
Bio-concentration factor	BCF (l kg⁻¹)	-	-	-
	CT₅₀ (days)	-		-
Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)		> 6500	E4 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 4 = Verified data Rat	Low
Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL	(mg kg⁻¹)	1.4	L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Rat	High
	(ppm diet)	-		-
Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)		2250	E4 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 4 = Verified data Colinus virginianus	Low
Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)		-	-	-
Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)		1.3	E4 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 4 = Verified data Lepomis macrochirus	Moderate
Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)		0.31	E4 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 4 = Verified data Oncorhynchus mykiss	Moderate
Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)		1.4	E4 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 4 = Verified data Daphnia magna	Moderate
Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)		-	-	-
Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)		-	-	-
Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)		-	-	-
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)		-	-	-
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)		-	-	-
Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)		-	-	-
Non-target plants		-	-	-
		-	-	-
Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)		1.3	L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata	Moderate
Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)		-	-	-
Honeybees (Apis spp.)	Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)	> 100	E4 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 4 = Verified data	Low
	Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)	-	-	-
	Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)	-	-	-
Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)	Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)	-	-	-
		-
	Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)	-	-	-
		-
Mason bees (Osmia spp.)	Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)	-	-	-
	Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)	-	-	-
Other pollinators (1)	Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)	-	-	-
	Mode of exposure	-
Other pollinators (2)	Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)	-	-	-
	Mode of exposure	-
Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)		> 1250	E4 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 4 = Verified data Eisenia foetida	Low
Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)		-	-	-
Other soil macro-organisms	Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)	-	-	-
	Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)	-	-	-
Other arthropod (1)	LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹	-	-	-
	% Effect	-	-	-
Other arthropod (2)	LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹	-	-	-
	% Effect	-	-	-
Soil micro-organisms		-	-	-
Mesocosm study data	NOEAEC mg l⁻¹	-	-	-
	NOEAEC mg l⁻¹	-	-	-

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property		Value	Source; quality score; and other information	Interpretation
Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)		High (class III)	-	-
Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)		> 6500	E4 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 4 = Verified data Rat	Low
Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)		5000	E4 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 4 = Verified data Rat	-
Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)		5.0	E4 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 4 = Verified data Rat	-
Other Mammal toxicity endpoints		-	-	-
ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)		0.014	L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source	-
ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)		-	-	-
AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)		-	-	-
AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)		-	-	-
Dermal penetration studies (%)		-	-	-
Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464		List II	-	-
Exposure Routes	Public	-
	Occupational	-
European MRLs		EU MRL pesticide database
Drinking Water Standards		-	-	-
Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)		-	-	-

Health issues

Specific human health issues		Carcinogen Genotoxic Endocrine disruptor No data found A3 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 3 = Negative ; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; E0 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 0 = No data No data found Reproduction / development effects Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor Neurotoxicant No data found XNo, known not to cause a problem No data found Respiratory tract irritant Skin irritant Skin sensitiser ✓Yes, known to cause a problem ✓Yes, known to cause a problem No data found Eye irritant Phototoxicant   ✓Yes, known to cause a problem No data found
General human health issues		No further information available

Handling issues

Property	Value and interpretation
General	Not compatible with oxidising agents
CLP classification 2013	-
EC Risk Classification	Xi - Irritant: R36/37/38
EC Safety Classification	S26, S36
WHO Classification	U (Unlikely to present an acute hazard)
UN Number	-
Waste disposal & packaging	-

TRANSLATIONS

Language	Name
English	thifluzamide
French	-
German	-
Danish	-
Italian	-
Spanish	-
Greek	-
Polish	tifluzamid
Swedish	-
Hungarian	-
Dutch	-

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Record last updated:	25/05/2018
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242