Heptamaloxyloglucan (Ref: EL101GV)

Heptamaloxyloglucan (Ref: EL101GV)	Last updated: 25/05/2025
(Also known as: PEL101GV)

SUMMARY

Data alerts

The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.

Environmental fate	Ecotoxicity	Human health
	Ecotoxicity Low alert: Fish acute ecotoxicity: Low; Daphnia acute ecotoxicity: Low; Bees acute contact ecotoxicity: Low; Bees acute oral ecotoxicity: Low Warning: Significant data are missing	Human health Low alert

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

A substance that is not strictly a pesticide but proposed for use on grapevines as a frost protectant

Example pests controlled

Growth - reduces frost damage and stress

Example applications

Grapevines

Efficacy & activity

Availability status

Current

Introduction & key dates

2008, introduced

Substance source

An extract from apple pomace, naturally present in in food from plant origin

Substance production

Substance is produced through a process involving the extraction and modification of natural polysaccharides found in plant cell walls.

GB regulatory status

GB COPR regulatory status

Not approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

Withdrawn

GB LERAP status

No data

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

France/Spain

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

28/02/2038

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece

ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg
		✓
LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 by Mutual Recognition of Authorisation and/or national regulations in the following EEA countries

ISIceland	NONorway

Additional information

Also used in

Chemical structure

Isomerism

None

Chemical formula

C₄₀H₇₀O₃₃

Canonical SMILES

Isomeric SMILES

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

RAUODYOTTYNEJP-WTQIIJSDSA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C40H70O33/c1-9-17(48)23(54)28(59)36(66-9)72-34-25(56)21(52)14(4-43)67-40(34)73-33-20(51)13(47)6-63-39(33)65-8-16-32(26(57)30(61)38(69-16)70-31(11(45)3-42)19(50)10(44)2-41)71-37-29(60)24(55)22(53)15(68-37)7-64-35-27(58)18(49)12(46)5-62-35/h9-61H,2-8H2,1H3/t9-,10-,11+,12+,13+,14+,15+,16+,17+,18-,19+,20-,21-,22+,23+,24-,25-,26+,27+,28-,29+,30+,31+,32+,33+,34+,35+,36-,37-,38-,39+,40-/m0/s1

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

General status

Pesticide type

Plant Growth Regulator; Other substance

Other bioactivity & uses

Protectant against frost; Elicitor; Biostimulant - enhances abiotic stress resiliance

Substance groups

Oligosaccharide PGR; Plant-derived substance

Taxonomic classification

Minimum active substance purity

780 g kg⁻¹

Known relevant impurities

EU 2020 dossier: Patulin, < 50 µg kg⁻¹

Substance origin

Natural

Mode of action

No plant translocation, causes almost immediate physiological reaction protecting plant cells against damage

CAS RN

870721-81-6

EC number

No data found

CIPAC number

851

US EPA chemical code

PubChem CID

No data

CLP index number

No data found

Molecular mass

1078.96

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

IUPAC name

α-L-fucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-[α-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucitol

CAS name

O-6-deoxy-α-L-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-α-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-[O-α-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)]-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucitol

Other status information

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Class (HRAC MoA class)

Not applicable

Herbicide Resistance Class (WSSA MoA class)

Not applicable

Insecticide Resistance Class (IRAC MoA class)

Not applicable

Fungicide Resistance Class (FRAC MOA class)

Not applicable

Examples of recorded resistance

Physical state

Beige coloured powder

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

Elicityl SA

Example products using this active

PEL101GV

Formulation and application details

Will be available as a solid, freeze-fried cake to be mixed with water prior to application

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

500000

High

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

10000

Methanol

3.0

Acetone

1.0

p-Xylene

1.0

Ethyl acetate

Melting point (°C)

172.7

Boiling point (°C)

525

Degradation point (°C)

281.4

Flashpoint (°C)

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

1.10 X 10^-16

Calculated

Log P

-15.96

Low

Fat solubility of residues

Solubility

Data type

Density (g ml⁻¹)

1.47

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

Does not dissociate

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

1.1 X 10^-08

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

0.24 X 10^-13

Non-volatile

Volatilisation as max % of applied dose lost

From plant surface

From soil surface

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

Neutral solution 288nm = 3.8
Acidic solution 285nm = 4.4
Basic solution 292nm = 2.5

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

DT₅₀ (field)

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

DT₉₀ (field)

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on plant matrix

Value

Note

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on and in plant matrix

Value

Note

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

Note

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

Stable

Note

Stable at all relevant pHs

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

Sediment phase only DT₅₀ (days)

Air degradation

As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below.

Decay in stored produce DT₅₀

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d (mL g⁻¹)

K_oc (mL g⁻¹)

Notes and range

Freundlich

K_f (mL g⁻¹)

K_foc (mL g⁻¹)

¹/_n

Notes and range

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

Cannot be calculated

Note

Potential for particle bound transport index

Potential for loss via drain flow

Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀ (hrs) as indicator of long-range air transport risk

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

CT₅₀ (days)

Known metabolites

None

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Terrestrial ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 2000

Rat

Low

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

(ppm diet)

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

Soil micro-organisms

Collembola

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Non-target plants

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 100

Apis mellifera

Low

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 100

Apis mellifera

Low

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Chronic

Notes

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other bee species (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other bee species (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Beneficial insects (Ladybirds)

Beneficial insects (Lacewings)

Beneficial insects (Parasitic wasps)

Beneficial insects (Predatory mites)

Beneficial insects (Ground beetles)

Aquatic ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 150

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Low

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

Tropical Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 150

Daphnia magna

Low

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

Tropical Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants (free-floating, growth) - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic plants (rooted, growth) - Acute 14 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

> 150

Scenedesmus subcapitata

Low

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

Marine bivalves

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 2000

Rat

Low

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

2000

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

None allocated

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

None allocated

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

None allocated

Dermal penetration studies (%)

default

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

Exposure Routes

Public

Negligible risks - considered toxicologically safe

Occupational

Negligible risks - considered toxicologically safe

MRLs

European

EU MRL pesticide database

Great Britain

GB MRL Register

Notes

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Mammalian dose elimination route and rate

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

No data found

General human health issues

No further information available

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

Not explosive or oxidising
Not expected to auto-ignite; Not highly flammable

CLP classification 2013

WHO Classification

Not listed (Not listed)

UN Number

Waste disposal & packaging

Shelf-life, storage, stability and reactivity

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

heptamaloxyloglucan

French

German

Danish

Italian

Spanish

Greek

Polish

Swedish

Hungarian

Dutch

Norwegian

Record last updated:	25/05/2025
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242