Chlorpyrifos-methyl (Ref: OMS 1155) |
![]() Last updated: 12/01/2021 |
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(Also known as: ENT 27520; Dowco 214; chlorpyriphos-methyl; chlorpyrifos-me) |
SUMMARY |
An organophosphate insecticide no longer approved for use in the EU. It has a low aqueous solubility, is quite volatile and is non-mobile. There is a low risk of leaching to groundwater based on its chemical properties. It tends not to be persistent in soil or water systems. It is not highly toxic to mammals but is classified as an acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor and a neurotoxicant. It is also a skin irritant and sensitiser. It is highly toxic to fish, aquatic inverterbrates and honey bees and moderately toxic to birds, aquatic plants, algae and earthworms |
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An insecticide and acaricide used to control soil and foliage pests | |
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Scale; Wooly aphid; Leaf roller; Caterpillars; Cutworms; Rootworms; Cockroaches; Flea beetles; Flies; Termites; Fire ants | |
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Grains; Cotton; Fruit including apples, pears, grapes, pineapples, bananas, strawberries, mango; Tomatoes; Nuts; Vegetables including carrots, cabbages, cauliflower | |
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Chlorpyrifos has been used very successfully over a long period of time to control a wide range of foliar pests on agricultural crops. | |
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Current | |
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1966, first reported; 1985, first marketed USA |
UK regulatory status |
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Not approved | ||
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Not applicable | ||
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Not applicable |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Spain/Poland | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Not applicable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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No | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Also used in |
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Chemical structure |
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C₇H₇Cl₃NO₃PS | |
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COP(=S)(OC)OC1=NC(=C(C=C1Cl)Cl)Cl | |
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No data | |
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HRBKVYFZANMGRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C7H7Cl3NO3PS/c1-12-15(16,13-2)14-7-5(9)3-4(8)6(10)11-7/h3H,1-2H3 | |
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Yes |
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Common Name | Relationship | Link |
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chlorpyrifos | Parent | ![]() |
chlorpyrifos-methyl | - | ![]() |
General status |
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Insecticide, Acaricide | |
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Organophosphate | |
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960 g kg⁻¹ | |
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EU dossier - Sulfotep <3.0 g kg⁻¹, Sulfotep-ester <5.0 g kg⁻¹ | |
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Synthetic | |
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Non-systemic with contact, stomach and respiratory action. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. | |
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5598-13-0 | |
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227-011-5 | |
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486 | |
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059102 | |
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21803 | |
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322.53 | |
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O,O-dimethyl O-(3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl) phosphorothioate | |
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O,O-dimethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothioate | |
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O,O-dimethyl O-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl) phosphorothioate | |
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OSPAR soc; WFD priority substance; Marine Pollutant | |
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UK Environment Agency non-statutory standard for the protection of aquatic life: Freshwater annual average 0.002 µg l⁻¹, max acceptable conc 0.01 µg l⁻¹; Saltwater annual average 0.001 µg l⁻¹, max acceptable conc 0.01 µg l⁻¹ | |
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Not applicable | |
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Not applicable | |
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1B | |
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Not applicable | |
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blattella germanica, culex tarsalis, plutella xylostella, sitophilus zeamais, tribolium castaneum, aedes nigromaculis, plus others | |
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White to pale yellow solid with faint characteristic odour |
Formulations |
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Usually supplied as an emulsifiable concentrate that is mixed with water and applied as a spray |
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2.74 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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250000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Ethyl acetate5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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250000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Acetone5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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154000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Heptane5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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193000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Methanol5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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46 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Decomposes before boiling | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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175 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Not expected to self ignite; Not highly flammable | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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1.00 X 1004 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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4.00 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
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1.67 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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3.0 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low volatility | ||||||||
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0.235 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderately volatile | ||||||||
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Neutral soln: 203nm=20322, 230nm=10112, 290nm=5449 Acidic soln: 203nm=20367, 230nm=9567, 290nm=5473 Basic soln: 242nm=9475, 290nm=1423, 323nm=6817 |
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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71.9 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Degradation |
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12.0 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Non-persistent | |||||||
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12.5 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Non-persistent | ||||||||
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1.24 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Non-persistent | ||||||||
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15.4 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Non-persistent | ||||||||
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4.5 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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1.32 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) geometric mean5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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EU 2017 dossier Lab studies DT₅₀ range 0.83-7.64 days, DT₉₀ range 2.75-38.1 days, Soils=12, Field studies DT₅₀ range 0.62-2.17 days, DT₉₀ range 2.07-7.22 days, Soils=5; Other sources: DT₅₀ 7 days (DW4) | ||||||||||
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2.4 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Bermuda grass leaves, n=1 | ||||||||||
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19.1 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
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Published literature RL₅₀ range 1.0-71.5 days, 4 field crops, various matrices, n=4 | ||||||||||
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1.74 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderately fast | |||||||
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21 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Non-persistent | |||||||
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pH sensitive: 27 days at pH 4, 13 days at pH 9, 25 °C | ||||||||||
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14 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Fast | ||||||||
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2.9 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderately fast |
Soil adsorption and mobility |
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- | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Non-mobile | |||||||
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4645 | ||||||||||
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EU dossier Koc range 1189-8100 mL g⁻¹ | ||||||||||
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44.9 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Slightly mobile | |||||||
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1462 | ||||||||||
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0.96 | ||||||||||
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EU 2017 dossier Kf range 25.8-64.5 mL g⁻¹, Kfoc range 691-1892 mL g⁻¹, 1/n range 0.93-0.98, Soils=5 | ||||||||||
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No |
Fate indices |
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0.08 | Calculated | Low leachability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2.44 X 10-04 | Calculated | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Medium | Calculated | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Non-mobile | Calculated | - |
Key metabolites |
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Soil | 0.879 | Major fraction, Relevant | |||||
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Soil | 0.049 | Minor fraction, Relevant |
Other known metabolites |
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N-methyl-dichloro-2-pyridinone | - | Soil | - | - |
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1800 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Threshold for concern | |||||||
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2.6 | - | |||||||||
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5000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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0.1 | L2 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat 2 year2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
High | |||||||
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923 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Colinus virginianus5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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2010 ppm | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Colinus virginianus5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.41 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Oncorhynchus mykiss5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.005 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Oncorhynchus mykiss5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
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0.0006 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Daphnia magna5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
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0.00001 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Daphnia magna5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
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0.57 | L2 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Raphidocelis subcapitata 72 hour2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.15 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Apis mellifera5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | |||||||
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0.18 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Apis mellifera5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
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0.09 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Bombus terrestris 48hr4 = Verified data |
High | |||||||
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> 0.36 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Bombus terrestris4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
Literature LD₅₀ values range >0.02 - 0.38 µg bee⁻¹ depending on study exposure time | |||||||||||
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182 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Eisenia foetida5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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12.5 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Eisenia foetida5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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9.0 | Mortality [Dose: 0.286 kg ha⁻¹] A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Typhlodromus pyri5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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100 | Mortality [Dose: 0.286 kg ha⁻¹] A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Aphidius rhopalosiphi5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect |
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Dose: 0.5 kg ha⁻¹ |
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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5000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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2000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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> 0.67 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat (whole body)5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.01 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat SF=1005 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.1 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat SF=1005 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.01 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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List I; List II | - | - | ||||||||
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Absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and through intact skin | ||||||||||
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Non-statutory WHO drinking water guideline 0.03 mg l⁻¹ | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) UK EA QS database 20185 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Health issues |
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Suspected cardiovascular & blood toxicant Highly toxic by ingestion Some studies indicate a link between chlorpyrifos metabolites and learning difficulties in children Endocrine issues - Antagonist to androgen activity |
Handling issues |
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Not explosive or oxidising IMDG Transport Code is 6.1 |
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Health: H317 Environment: H400, H410 |
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T - Toxic: R25 Xn - Harmful: R43 N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53 |
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S2, S36/37, S60, S61 | |||
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III (Slightly hazardous) | |||
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Active 2783, liquid products usually 3018 | |||
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Packaging Group III (minor danger) |
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chlorpyrifos-methyl | ||
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chlorpyriphos-methyl | ||
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Chlorpyrifos-methyl | ||
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chlorpyrifos-methyl | ||
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clorpirifos-metile | ||
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clorpirifos-metil | ||
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chlorpyrifos-methyl | ||
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chloropyrifos metylowy | ||
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klorpirosz-metil | ||
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chloorpyrifos-methyl |
Record last updated: | 12/01/2021 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |