Dichlobenil (Ref: H 133) |
![]() Last updated: 11/01/2021 |
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(Also known as: dichlorbenil; DCBN) |
SUMMARY |
Dichlobenil is a herbicide that was largely used for general annual and perennial weed control in non-copped. It is no longer approved for use within the EU. It has low solubility, is not highly volatle and has potential to leach into groundwater. It is moderately persistent in soils and very persistent in water. It is moderately toxic to mammals, aquatic organisms, honeybees and earthworms. |
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A herbicide for woody crops, non-crop uses and in, for example, established orchards. Can also be a pesticide transformation product | |
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Canada thistle; Quackgrass; Timothy; Wild rocket; Fescue; Curly Dock; Knapweed; Spurge; Bluegrass; Crabgrass; Pigweed; Knotweed | |
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Fruit including apples, cherry, grape, pear, filbert, blueberry, gooseberry, blackberry, raspberry, loganberry; Non-cropped areas including recreational areas, industrial sites, pathways | |
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Current | |
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1960, first reported |
UK regulatory status |
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Not approved | ||
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Expired | ||
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None |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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UK | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Expired | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Not applicable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Also used in |
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Chemical structure |
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None | |
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C₇H₃Cl₂N | |
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C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)Cl)C#N)Cl | |
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N#Cc1c(Cl)cccc1Cl | |
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YOYAIZYFCNQIRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C7H3Cl2N/c8-6-2-1-3-7(9)5(6)4-10/h1-3H | |
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Yes |
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Common Name | Relationship | Link |
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dichlobenil | - | ![]() |
General status |
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Herbicide, Metabolite | |
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Soil | |
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Benzonitrile | |
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980 g kg⁻¹ | |
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EU dossier - None declared | |
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Synthetic | |
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Systemic. Inhibition of cell wall synthesis. | |
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1194-65-6 | |
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214-787-5 | |
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73 | |
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027401 | |
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3031 | |
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172.01 | |
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2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile | |
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2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile | |
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2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile | |
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Potential groundwater contaminant; Chemical subject to PIC regulations | |
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- | |
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L | |
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29 | |
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Not applicable | |
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Not applicable | |
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- | |
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White crystalline solid |
Can be a metabolite of: |
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chlorthiamid | Soil | - | - |
Formulations |
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Often supplied as granules applied directly to the soil by mechanical spreaders or by hand |
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21.2 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) at 25 °C5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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86000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Acetone5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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53000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Xylene5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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3700 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Cyclohexane5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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151000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Dichloromethane5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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144.5 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Decomposes before boiling | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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120 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Not expected to self ignite; Not highly flammable | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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5.01 X 1002 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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2.7 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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1.40 | Q2 Q = Miscellaneous internet resources 2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
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Not applicable | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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No dissociation | |||||||||||
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0.00014 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low volatility | ||||||||
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1.317 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderately volatile | ||||||||
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298.9nm = 1985.3 290nm = 1878.8 243nm = 5766.9 236.9nm = 6805.9 211nm = 38528.8 |
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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68.5 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) at 20°C5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Degradation |
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70 | K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data |
Moderately persistent | |||||||
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24.15 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Non-persistent | ||||||||
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5.4 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Non-persistent | ||||||||
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114.5 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Persistent | ||||||||
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39 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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EU dossier Lab studies DT₅₀ range 21.98-26.26 days, DT₉₀ range 129-145 days; Field studies DT₅₀ range 3.4-72 days, DT₉₀ range 104.6-122.56 days; Other sources: DT₅₀ 1-6 months (general literature); 60 days (DW4) | ||||||||||
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15.1 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Slow | |||||||
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Natural light | ||||||||||
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Stable | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Stable | |||||||
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Stable pH 6.8 to 8.3, Rapidly hydrolysed in strong acidic media. | ||||||||||
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142 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Slow | ||||||||
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10.5 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderately fast |
Soil adsorption and mobility |
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- | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous internet resources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderately mobile | |||||||
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257 | ||||||||||
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Other sources: 45-400 mL g⁻¹ | ||||||||||
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6.4 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderately mobile | |||||||
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237 | ||||||||||
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0.844 | ||||||||||
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EU dossier Kf range 0.3-10.5 mL g⁻¹, Kfoc range 133-322 mL g⁻¹, 1/n 0.75-1.02, Soils=5 | ||||||||||
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No |
Fate indices |
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1.19 | Calculated | Low leachability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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4.39 X 10-03 | Calculated | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Medium | Calculated | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Moderately mobile | Calculated | - |
Key metabolites |
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Soil | 0.694 | Major fraction | |||||
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Soil | 0.660 | Major fraction | |||||
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Soil | - | - |
Other known metabolites |
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4-chloro-2(3H)benzoxazolone | - | Surface water | 0.0913 | - | |||||
2-chlorobenozoic acid | - | Surface water | 0.17 | - |
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100 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Threshold for concern | |||||||
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1.0 | - | |||||||||
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> 2000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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- | L2 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat 2 year2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
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50 | - | |||||||||
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698 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Colinus virginianus5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 5200 mg kg feed⁻¹ | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Colinus virginianus5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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7.2 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Oncorhynchus mykiss5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.66 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Oncorhynchus mykiss5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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6.2 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Daphnia magna5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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1.2 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Daphnia magna5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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1.74 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Americamysis bahia3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.0279 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Lemna gibba5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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111 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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11 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | |||||||
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135 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Eisenia foetida corr5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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>= 33.8 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Folsomia candida 28d corr5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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> 2000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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2000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.25 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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0.01 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) proposed Dog SF=1004 = Verified data |
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0.45 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) proposed Rabbit SF=1004 = Verified data |
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0.01 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) proposed Dog SF=1004 = Verified data |
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1.4 | A3 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Negligible risks for the prescribed applications | |||||||||
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Acceptable risks for the prescribed applications | ||||||||||
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Health issues |
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Possible liver, kidney, stomach and parathyroid toxicant May cause dermatitis Chronic exposure may cause sedation, lose of appetite and severe respiratory problems USEPA - possible human carcinogen |
Handling issues |
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Not explosive or oxidising IMDG Transport Code is usually 9 |
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Health: H302 Environment: H411 |
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Xn - Harmful: R21 N - Dangerous for the environment: R51, R53 |
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S2, S36/37, S61 | |||
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III (Slightly hazardous) | |||
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Usually 3077 | |||
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Packaging Group III (minor danger) |
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dichlobenil | ||
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dichlobenil | ||
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Dichlobenil | ||
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diclobenil | ||
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diclobenil | ||
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diclobenil | ||
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dichlobenil | ||
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dichlobenyl | ||
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dichlobenil | ||
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dichlobenil |
Record last updated: | 11/01/2021 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |