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Dichlorprop (Ref: RD 406)
Last updated: 11/01/2021
(Also known as: 2,4-DP)
SUMMARY
Dichlorprop is a post-emergence, selective herbicide that does not have regulatory approval for use in the EU. It has a moderate aqueous solubility and is volatile. Its data suggests it is not persistent in soils but may persist in some water systems. It is moderately toxic to. Dichlorprop has a moderate to low toxicity to most aquatic organisms.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Description
A herbicide for post-emergence control of annual and perennial broad-leaved weeds and some brush species
Example pests controlled
Canada thistle; Cocklebur; Ragweeds; Pigweed; Shepherd's purse; Stinkweed; Lambsquarter; Goosefoot; Wild mustard
Example applications
Cereals including wheat, barley; Non-crop situations including right-of-way, commercial and industrial sites
Efficacy & activity
-
Availability status
Current
Introduction & key dates
1961
UK regulatory status
UK COPR regulatory status
Not approved
Date COPR inclusion expires
Expired
UK LERAP status
No UK approval for use
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)
EC Regulation 1107/2009 status
Not approved
Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur
Not applicable
Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires
Expired
EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)
Not applicable
Listed in EU database
Yes
Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States
ATAustria
BEBelgium
BGBulgaria
CYCyprus
CZCzech Republic
DEGermany
DKDenmark
EEEstonia
ELGreece
                 
ESSpain
FIFinland
FRFrance
HRCroatia
HUHungary
IEIreland
ITItaly
LTLithuania
LULuxembourg
                 
LVLatvia
MTMalta
NLNetherlands
PLPoland
PTPortugal
RORomania
SESweden
SISlovenia
SKSlovakia
                 
Also used in
Also used in
-
Chemical structure
Isomerism
Chiral with S- and R- enantiomers
Chemical formula
C₉H₈Cl₂O₃
Canonical SMILES
CC(C(=O)O)OC1=C(C=C(C=C1)Cl)Cl
Isomeric SMILES
Clc1cc(Cl)ccc1OC(C(=O)O)C
International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)
MZHCENGPTKEIGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
International Chemical Identifier (InChI)
InChI=1S/C9H8Cl2O3/c1-5(9(12)13)14-8-3-2-6(10)4-7(8)11/h2-5H,1H3,(H,12,13)
2D structure diagram/image available?
Yes
Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre diagrams
Common Name Relationship Link
dichlorprop -
General status
Pesticide type
Herbicide
Substance group
Aryloxyalkanoic acid
Minimum active substance purity
-
Known relevant impurities
-
Substance origin
Synthetic
Mode of action
Selective, systemic, absorbed through leaves and translocates to roots. Synthetic auxin causing stem and leaf malformations leading to death.
CAS RN
120-36-5
Alternative/old CAS RN
7547-66-2
EC number
204-390-5
CIPAC number
84
US EPA chemical code
031401
PubChem CID
8427
Molecular mass
235.06
PIN (Preferred Identification Name)
rac-(2R)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propanoic acid
IUPAC name
(RS)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propionic acid
CAS name
2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propanoic acid
Other status information
Potential groundwater contaminant
Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards
-
Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)
O
Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA)
4
Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)
Not applicable
Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)
Not applicable
Examples of recorded resistance
-
Physical state
Colourless crystals
Formulations
Property
Value
Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically
  • Weedone 170
  • Hedonal DP
  • Hormatox
  • Polyclene
  • Seritox
  • Polymore
Example products using this active
  • Headland Agrochemicals
  • FBC
  • Bayer
  • Universal Crop Protection
Formulation and application details
Often supplied as an emulsifiable concentrate or as an emulsion.
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)
350
H4 H = The US ARS pesticide properties database (click here )
4 = Verified data
 Moderate
Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)
689000
C4 C = AGRITOX (click here )
4 = Verified data
Ethyl acetate		 -
1265000
C4 C = AGRITOX (click here )
4 = Verified data
Acetone		 -
3030
C4 C = AGRITOX (click here )
4 = Verified data
Hexane		 -
61200
C4 C = AGRITOX (click here )
4 = Verified data
Toluene		 -
Melting point (°C)
117
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source
 -
Boiling point (°C)
- - -
Degradation point (°C)
- - -
Flashpoint (°C)
204
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source
(open cup)		 -
Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C
P
1.95 X 1002 Calculated -
Log P
2.29
H4 H = The US ARS pesticide properties database (click here )
4 = Verified data
 Low
Bulk density (g ml⁻¹)
1.42
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source
 -
Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C
3
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source
 -
Strong acid
Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)
0.01
H4 H = The US ARS pesticide properties database (click here )
4 = Verified data
 Low volatility
Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)
8.80 X 10-06
H4 H = The US ARS pesticide properties database (click here )
4 = Verified data
 Non-volatile
Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹
- - -
Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)
- - -
Degradation
Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
General biodegradability
-
Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)
DT₅₀ (typical)
10
W4 W = French database provided by ARVALIS-Institut du Végétal
4 = Verified data
 Non-persistent
DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)
14
Y4 Y = Germany's Federal Environment Agency (UBA) (click here )
4 = Verified data
 Non-persistent
DT₅₀ (field)
10
X3 X = WINPST database (click here )
3 = Unverified data of known source
 Non-persistent
DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)
- - -
DT₉₀ (field)
- - -
DT₅₀ modelling endpoint
- - -
Note
Other sources: DT₅₀ 21-25 days (R3)
Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on plant matrix
Value
- - -
Note
-
Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on and in plant matrix
Value
- - -
Note
-
Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7
Value
- - -
Note
-
Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7
Value
Stable
K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra
4 = Verified data
 Stable
Note
-
Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)
12
K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra
4 = Verified data
 Fast
Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)
- - -
Soil adsorption and mobility
Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
Linear
Kd
-
Q4 Q = Miscellaneous internet resources
4 = Verified data
 Mobile
Koc
74
Notes and range
Other sources: 12.0-170 mL g⁻¹ (R3)
Freundlich
Kf
0.77
R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications
4 = Verified data
 Mobile
Kfoc
41.2
1/n
0.87
Notes and range
Kf range 0.67-0.86 mL g⁻¹, Kfoc range 34.4-47.9 mL g⁻¹, 1/n range 0.86-0.88, Soils=2
pH sensitivity
-
Fate indices
Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
GUS leaching potential index
2.39 Calculated Transition state
SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate
Value
5.07 X 10-02 Calculated -
Note
-
Potential for particle bound transport index
Low Calculated -
Potential for loss via drain flow
Mobile Calculated -
Key metabolites
Metabolite
Formation medium
Estimated maximum occurrence fraction
1107/2009 relevancy
2,4-dichlorophenol
Soil - Minor fraction; Relevant
ECOTOXICOLOGY
Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
Bio-concentration factor
BCF (l kg⁻¹)
6
Q2 Q = Miscellaneous internet resources
2 = Unverified data of unknown source
Estimated		 Low potential
CT₅₀ (days)
Not available -
Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)
825
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source
Rat		 Moderate
Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL
(mg kg⁻¹)
-
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source
Rat		 -
(ppm diet)
> 5 -
Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)
- - -
Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)
504
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source
Coturnix japonica		 Moderate
Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)
- - -
Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)
- - -
Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)
> 0.5
J4 J = Pesticide Action Network database (click here )
4 = Verified data
Oncorhynchus mykiss		 Moderate
Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)
- - -
Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)
> 100
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source
Daphnia magna		 Low
Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)
- - -
Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)
- - -
Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)
- - -
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)
- - -
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)
- - -
Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)
- - -
Non-target plants
- - -
- - -
Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)
1100
L2 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
2 = Unverified data of unknown source
Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata		 Low
Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)
180
Q2 Q = Miscellaneous internet resources
2 = Unverified data of unknown source
Unknown species		 Low
Honeybees (Apis spp.)
Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)
16
K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra
4 = Verified data
 Moderate
Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)
- - -
Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)
- - -
Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)
Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)
- - -
-
Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)
- - -
-
Mason bees (Osmia spp.)
Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)
- - -
Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)
- - -
Other pollinators (1)
Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)
- - -
Mode of exposure
-
Other pollinators (2)
Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)
- - -
Mode of exposure
-
Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)
1000
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source
 Moderate
Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)
- - -
Other soil macro-organisms
Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)
- - -
Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)
- - -
Other arthropod (1)
LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹
- - -
% Effect
- - -
Other arthropod (2)
LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹
- - -
% Effect
- - -
Soil micro-organisms
- - -
Mesocosm study data
NOEAEC mg l⁻¹
- - -
NOEAEC mg l⁻¹
- - -
HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
General
Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)
High (class III) - -
Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)
825
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source
Rat		 Moderate
Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)
1400
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source
Mouse		 -
Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)
0.65
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source
Rat		 -
Other Mammal toxicity endpoints
- - -
ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)
- - -
ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)
- - -
AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)
- - -
AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)
- - -
Dermal penetration studies (%)
- - -
Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464
List II - -
Exposure Routes
Public
Low risk to Europeans as no longer approved for use
Occupational
Low risk to Europeans as no longer approved for use
MRLs
European
EU MRL pesticide database 
Notes
-
Drinking Water Standards
Non-statutory WHO drinking water guideline 0.1 mg l⁻¹
B5 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here )
5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes
UK EA QS database 2018		 -
Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)
- - -
Health issues
Specific human health issues
Carcinogen
Genotoxic
Endocrine disruptor
No data found
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database)
0 = No data
;
B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database)
0 = No data
;
C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database)
0 = No data
;
D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database)
0 = No data
;
E0 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source)
0 = No data
 No data found
Reproduction / development effects Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor Neurotoxicant
?Possibly, status not identified
 No data found No data found
Respiratory tract irritant Skin irritant Skin sensitiser
No data found
✓Yes, known to cause a problem
 No data found
Eye irritant Phototoxicant  
✓Yes, known to cause a problem
 No data found  
General human health issues
No further information available
Handling issues
Property
Value and interpretation
General
No information available
CLP classification 2013
Health: H302, H312, H315, H318
EC Risk Classification
Xn - Harmful: R21/22, R41
Xi - Irritant: R38
EC Safety Classification
S2, S22, S36/37
WHO Classification
II (Moderately hazardous)
UN Number
-
Waste disposal & packaging
-
TRANSLATIONS
Language
Name
English
dichlorprop
French
dichlorprop
German
Dichlorprop
Danish
dichlorprop
Italian
diclorprop
Spanish
diclorprop
Greek
dichlorprop
Polish
dichlorprop
Swedish
-
Hungarian
dichlorprop
Dutch
dichloorprop
Record last updated: 11/01/2021
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as: Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242