Difenoxuron (Ref: C3470) |
![]() Last updated: 04/01/2021 |
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(Not known by any other names) |
SUMMARY |
Difenoxuron is a selective, post-emergence herbicide that is no longer approved for use in many countries including the EU. It has a low aqueous solubility, moderately mobile but not usually persistent in soil systems. However, it may persist in some water systems depending upon conditions. It is moderately toxic to mammals but knot known to cause any chronic health issues unless ingested at very high doses. It is moderately toxic to fish, aquatic invertebrates and algae. It is not considered to be toxic to honeybees. |
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An obsolete selective, post-emergence herbicide that was used to control annual broad-leaved weeds in alliums. | |
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Nettles; Docks; Chickweed; Charlock | |
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Onions; Garlic; Shallots; Leeks | |
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- | |
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Obsolete | |
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1964, first reported |
UK regulatory status |
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Not approved | ||
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Expired | ||
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No UK approval for use |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Not applicable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Expired | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Not applicable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Also used in |
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Chemical structure |
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None | |
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C₁₆H₁₈N₂O₃ | |
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CN(C)C(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=C1)OC2=CC=C(C=C2)OC | |
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No data | |
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AMVYOVYGIJXTQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C16H18N2O3/c1-18(2)16(19)17-12-4-6-14(7-5-12)21-15-10-8-13(20-3)9-11-15/h4-11H,1-3H3,(H,17,19) | |
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Yes |
General status |
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Herbicide | |
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Phenylurea | |
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Synthetic | |
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Inhibition of photosynthesis, absorbed by roots and translocated. | |
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14214-32-5 | |
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238-068-0 | |
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8108 | |
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551400 | |
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26576 | |
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286.33 | |
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N'-[4-(4-methoxyphenoxy)phenyl]-N,N-dimethylurea | |
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3-[4-(4-methoxyphenoxy)phenyl]-1,1-dimethylurea | |
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N'-[4-(4-methoxyphenoxy)phenyl]-N,N-dimethylurea | |
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C2 | |
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5 | |
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Not applicable | |
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Not applicable | |
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Colourless crystalline solid |
Formulations |
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Usually supplied as a wettable powder |
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20 | K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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156000 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Dichloromethane3 = Unverified data of known source |
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63000 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Acetone3 = Unverified data of known source |
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8000 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Benzene3 = Unverified data of known source |
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50 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Hexane3 = Unverified data of known source |
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138 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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1.58 X 1002 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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2.2 | K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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1.19 | Q2 Q = Miscellaneous internet resources 2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
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1.20 X 1003 | K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data |
Highly volatile | ||||||||
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1.28 X 10-07 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous internet resources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Non-volatile | ||||||||
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Degradation |
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18 | K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data |
Non-persistent | |||||||
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Lierature data DT₅₀ 10-20 days | ||||||||||
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0.12 | K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data |
Fast | |||||||
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950 | K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data |
Very persistent | |||||||
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56 | K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data |
Moderately fast | ||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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- | P3 P = Other governments and regulators 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderately mobile | |||||||
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199 | ||||||||||
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Best available data | ||||||||||
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Fate indices |
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2.14 | Calculated | Transition state | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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7.21 X 10-02 | Calculated | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Low | Calculated | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Moderately mobile | Calculated | - |
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29 | Q2 Q = Miscellaneous internet resources Estimated2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
Low potential | |||||||
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Not available | - | |||||||||
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> 1000 | V3 V = ChemID online databases / IPCS INCHEM (ChemID; IPCS INCHEM ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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10.7 | K3 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra Unknown species3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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79 | K3 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra Unknown species3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.03 | K3 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra Unknown species3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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Non-toxic | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Non-toxic | ||||||||
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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> 1000 | V3 V = ChemID online databases / IPCS INCHEM (ChemID; IPCS INCHEM ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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2150 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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> 0.66 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Low risk to Europeans as no longer approved for use | |||||||||
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Low risk to Europeans as no longer approved for use | ||||||||||
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Health issues |
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No further information available |
Handling issues |
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No information available | |||
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Health: H302, H331 | |||
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Xn - Harmful: R22 | |||
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Health: H301, H311 | |||
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U (Unlikely to present an acute hazard) | |||
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difenoxuron | ||
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difenoxuron | ||
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Difenoxuron | ||
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difenoxuron | ||
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difenoxuron | ||
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difenoxuron | ||
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difenoksuron | ||
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difenoxuron |
Record last updated: | 04/01/2021 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |