Difethialone (Ref: OMS 3053) |
![]() Last updated: 13/01/2021 |
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(Also known as: LM 2219) |
SUMMARY |
Difethialone is a rodenticide not approved for use in Europe but is still used elsewhere. It is relatively volatile, has low potential to leach to groundwater but is highly persistent in soils. It is highly toxic to humans and considered to produce adverse effects on the reproduction system. it is also highly toxic to birds and aquatic life. |
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A rodenticide for use against warfarin-resistant and warfarin-susceptible strains of Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus | |
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Rats; Mice; Other small rodents | |
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Current | |
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1989, France |
UK regulatory status |
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Not approved | ||
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Expired | ||
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No UK approval for use |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Norway | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Expired | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Also used in |
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Australia, USA |
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Chemical structure |
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A molecule with 2 chiral centres | |
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C₃₁H₂₃BrO₂S | |
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C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C2C1C3=C(SC4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)C6=CC=C(C=C6)Br | |
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No data | |
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JHELOZJAKXYVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C31H23BrO2S/c32-24-15-13-20(14-16-24)19-9-11-21(12-10-19)23-17-22-5-1-2-6-25(22)27(18-23)29-30(33)26-7-3-4-8-28(26)35-31(29)34/h1-16,23,27,33H,17-18H2 | |
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Yes |
General status |
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Rodenticide | |
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Coumarin anticoagulant | |
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976 g kg⁻¹ | |
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EU dossier - None declared | |
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Synthetic | |
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Anticoagulant, locks onto the rodent's liver enzyme | |
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104653-34-1 | |
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- | |
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549 | |
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128967 | |
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91771 | |
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539.48 | |
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3-[(1E,3E)-3-(4'-bromo[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzothiopyran-2-one where the ratios of the racemates (1RS,3RS) to (1RS,3SR) lie within the ranges 0–15 to 85–100 respectively | |
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3-[3-(4'-bromo[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenyl]-4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzothiopyran-2-one | |
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Not applicable | |
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Not applicable | |
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Not applicable | |
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Not applicable | |
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White-yellow powder |
Formulations |
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0.392 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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100000 | C4 C = AGRITOX (click here ) Acetone4 = Verified data |
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14000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Dichloromethane5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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470 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Methanol3 = Unverified data of known source |
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200 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Hexane3 = Unverified data of known source |
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235 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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1.95 X 1006 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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6.29 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
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1.36 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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0.0133 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low volatility | ||||||||
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1.02 X 10-01 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderately volatile | ||||||||
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Maxima at 234nm, 260nm and 330nm | A2 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
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Degradation |
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635 | A3 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Very persistent | |||||||
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635 | A3 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Very persistent | ||||||||
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EU dossier lab studies DT₅₀ range 417-976 days, at 12 °C | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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- | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Non-mobile | |||||||
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54000000 | ||||||||||
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Fate indices |
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-10.46 | Calculated | Low leachability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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5.35 X 10-03 | Calculated | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Estimated concentrations of chemicals with Koc values greater than 9995 ml g⁻¹ are beyond the scope of the regression data used in SCI-GROW development. If there are concerns for such chemicals, a higher tier groundwater exposure assessment should be considered, regardless of the concentration returned by SCI-GROW | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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High | Calculated | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Non-mobile | Calculated | - |
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39974 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High potential | |||||||
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Not available | - | |||||||||
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0.56 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Rat4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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0.264 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Colinus virginianus5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
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0.56 mg kg feed⁻¹ | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Colinus virginianus5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.051 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Oncorhynchus mykiss5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
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0.0044 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Daphnia magna5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
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> 0.18 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.032 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Selenastrum capricornutum Growth5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 1000 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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0.56 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Rat4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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5.3 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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0.005 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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May be absorbed through the skin | ||||||||||
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Health issues |
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Highly toxic May cause severe haemorrhage leading to death |
Handling issues |
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Not explosive or oxidising | |||
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Health: H300, H310, H330, H360d, H372 Environment: H400, H410 |
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Reproduction risk category 2: R61 T+ - Highly toxic: R26/27/28 T - Toxic: R48/23/24/25 N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53 |
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S45, S53, S60, S61 | |||
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Ia (Extremely hazardous) | |||
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2588 | |||
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difethialone | ||
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difethialone | ||
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Difethialone | ||
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difethialon | ||
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difetialone | ||
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difetialone | ||
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difetialon | ||
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Record last updated: | 13/01/2021 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |