Diflubenzuron (Ref: OMS 1804) |
![]() Last updated: 13/01/2021 |
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(Also known as: DFB; difluron; ENT 29054) |
SUMMARY |
Diflubenzuron is a urea-derived insecticide that is approved for use in the EU. It has a low aqueous solubility and is volatile. Based on its chemical properties, it is not expected to leach to groundwater. It is not persistent in soils but can be in water in some circumstances. It has a low mammalian toxicity. It is moderately toxic to fish, honeybees and earthworms but more toxic to aquatic invertebrates. Diflubenzuron is relatively non-toxic to birds and algae |
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A persistent urea derivative insecticide used to control a wide range of leaf-eating insects | |
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Scararid flies; Armyworms; Leafminers, Whiteflies; Termites; Fungus gnats; Shore flies | |
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Ornamentals in greenhouses, shadehouses and commercial structures; Building protection from termite colonies; Fruit | |
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Efficiacy has been shown via extensive use. | |
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Current | |
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1972, first reported; 1975, first introduced |
UK regulatory status |
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Phasing out | ||
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Expired | ||
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Buffer probably required in UK - see product label |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Greece/Slovakia | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Expired | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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No | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Also used in |
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Australia, USA |
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Chemical structure |
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C₁₄H₉ClF₂N₂O₂ | |
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C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)F)C(=O)NC(=O)NC2=CC=C(C=C2)Cl)F | |
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No data | |
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QQQYTWIFVNKMRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C14H9ClF2N2O2/c15-8-4-6-9(7-5-8)18-14(21)19-13(20)12-10(16)2-1-3-11(12)17/h1-7H,(H2,18,19,20,21) | |
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Yes |
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Common Name | Relationship | Link |
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diflubenzuron | - | ![]() |
General status |
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Insecticide | |
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Benzoylurea | |
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950 g kg⁻¹ | |
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EU dossier: 4-chloroaniline | |
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Synthetic | |
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Selective, non-systemic with contact and stomach action, acts by inhibiting chitin synthesis | |
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35367-38-5 | |
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252-529-3 | |
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339 | |
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108201 | |
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37123 | |
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310.68 | |
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N-[(4-chlorophenyl)carbamoyl]-2,6-difluorobenzamide | |
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1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)urea | |
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N-(((4-chlorophenyl)amino)carbonyl)-2,6-difluorobenzamide | |
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- | |
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UK Environment Agency non-statutory standard for the protection of aquatic life in freshwater annual average 0.001 µg l⁻¹, max acceptable conc 0.015 µg l⁻¹ UK Environment Agency non-statutory standard for the protection of aquatic life in saltwater annual average 0.005 µg l⁻¹, max acceptable conc 0.01 µg l⁻¹ |
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Not applicable | |
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Not applicable | |
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15 | |
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Not applicable | |
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Cydia pomonella, Plutella xylostella, Spodoptera littoralis, Lucilia cuprina, Spodoptera exigua | |
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White crystalline solid |
Formulations |
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Supplied in a variety of formulations including wettable powders, oil-dispersable concentrates and granules |
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0.08 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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6980 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Acetone5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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63 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) n-Hexane5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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290 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Toluene5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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1100 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Methanol5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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227.6 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Decomposes before boiling at normal pressure | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Not expected to self ignite; Not highly flammable | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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7.76 X 1003 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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3.89 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
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1.57 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.00012 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low volatility | ||||||||
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4.70 X 10-04 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Non-volatile | ||||||||
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In acetonitrile 257nm = 15148, 290nm = 10500 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Degradation |
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3 | K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data |
Non-persistent | |||||||
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3.2 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Non-persistent | ||||||||
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EU dossier lab studies DT₅₀ range 2.0-6.7 days | ||||||||||
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14.2 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
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Published literature RL₅₀ range 7.9-23.7 days, 2 field crops, various matrices, n=3 | ||||||||||
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11.7 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
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Published literature RL₅₀ range 2.8-21.0 days, 4 field & undercover grown crops, various matrices, n=4 | ||||||||||
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80 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Stable | |||||||
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Not a significant degradation route | ||||||||||
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96 | K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data |
Moderately persistent | |||||||
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Stable pH 5 to pH 7, some hydrolysis at pH 9 | ||||||||||
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4.5 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Fast | ||||||||
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3.0 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderately fast |
Soil adsorption and mobility |
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65.2 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Non-mobile | |||||||
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4620 | ||||||||||
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1.1 | ||||||||||
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EU dossier Kf range 34.2-97.7 mL g⁻¹, Kfoc range 1983-6918 mL g⁻¹, 1/n range 0.97-1.22, Soils=4 | ||||||||||
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Fate indices |
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0.17 | Calculated | Low leachability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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1.26 X 10-03 | Calculated | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Medium | Calculated | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Non-mobile | Calculated | - |
Key metabolites |
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Soil | 0.308 | Major fraction, Relevant | |||||
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Soil | 0.133 | Major fraction, Relevant |
Other known metabolites |
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4-chloroaniline Note: Mutagenic |
PCA | Plant; Animal | - | - | |||||
4-chloroacetanilide | PCAA | Animal | - | - | |||||
2,6-difluorobenzamide | DFBAM | Rat; Animal (Milk) | - | - |
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320 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) (Other literature Log BCF range 2.9-3.6 (R3))5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Threshold for concern | |||||||
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0.6 | - | |||||||||
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> 4640 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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> 3200 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Unknown species Reproductive NOAEL5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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> 5000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Colinus virginianus5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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> 1206 mg kg bw⁻¹ day⁻¹ | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Colinus virginianus5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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42.7 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Colinius virginianus NOEC5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 0.13 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Oncorhynchus mykiss5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.2 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Oncorhynchus mykiss5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.0026 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Daphnia magna5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
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0.00004 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Daphnia magna5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
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0.0021 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Americamysis bahia3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
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> 0.19 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Lemna gibba5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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20 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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1 | Q2 Q = Miscellaneous internet resources Unknown species2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 74.2 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Apis mellifera5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | |||||||
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> 9.1 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Apis mellifera5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.1 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Bombus terrestris3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | |||||||
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> 1.46 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Bombus terrestris3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
Literature DT₅₀ values range 0.06- 5.11 µg bee⁻¹ depending upon exposure time, 1-7 days | |||||||||||
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> 500 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Eisenia foetida corr5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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500 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Eisenia foetida 56 day corr5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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0.165 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Folsomia candida 28d corr5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Harmless | [Dose: 300 g ha⁻¹] AA3 AA = IOBC Database on classification of side effects to beneficial organisms, 2005 Typhlodromus pyri3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Harmful | [Dose: 300 g ha⁻¹] AA3 AA = IOBC Database on classification of side effects to beneficial organisms, 2005 Chrysoperla carnea3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect |
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Dose: 0.75 kg ha⁻¹ |
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0.00007 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Zooplankton EAC5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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> 4640 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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2000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rabbit5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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> 2.5 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat 4 hr (nose only dust)5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.1 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Dog SF=1005 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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None allocated | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.033 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Dog SF=1005 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.2-13 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) concentration dependent5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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No unacceptable risks identified | |||||||||
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Acceptable risks for proposed uses - PPE/PPC advised | ||||||||||
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0.1 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) EU Dir 89/778/EC limit; Calc MAC=60 µg l⁻¹5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Health issues |
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Reported to cause methaemoglobinaemia Endocrine issues - Pregnane X cellular receptor activation Possible liver & spleen toxicant |
Handling issues |
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Not explosive or oxidising IMDG Transport Code is usually 9 |
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Health: H302, H312, H332, H373 Environment: H400, H410 |
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Xi - Irritant: R36 N - Dangerous for the environment: R50/53 |
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S2, S13, S20/21, S26, S39, S60/61 | |||
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III (Slightly hazardous) | |||
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Usually 3077 or 3082 | |||
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Packaging Group III (minor danger) |
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diflubenzuron | ||
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diflubenzuron | ||
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Diflubenzuron | ||
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diflubenzuron | ||
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diflubenzuron | ||
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diflubenzuron | ||
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diflubenzuron | ||
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diflubensuron | ||
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diflubenzuron | ||
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diflubenzuron |
Record last updated: | 13/01/2021 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |