Acrylonitrile (Ref: ENT 54) |
![]() Last updated: 16/12/2020 |
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(Also known as: cyano ether; vinyl cyanide; propene nitrile; 2-propenenitrle) |
SUMMARY |
Acrylonitrile is a fumigant insecticide that is not approved for use within the EU and is now considered obsolete. It is highly soluble in water and miscible with most organic solvents. It has a high potential for leaching to groundwater. It is not expected to be persistant in soil systems. Acrylonitrile has a high mammalian toxicity and is carcinogenic It is also a mutagen which may also cause adverse reproduction &/or development effects. Little is known about its ecotoxicology but it is moderately toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates. |
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An obsolete pesticide that was used as a fumigant for insect control. It was also used for spot treatments in flour mills and bakeries. | |
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Mites; Japanese beetle; Cigarette beetle; Tobacco moth; Flour beetle; Grain beetle | |
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Stored grain; Dried fruit and nuts; Harvested tobacco; Food processing sites; Flour mills | |
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Obsolete | |
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UK regulatory status |
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Not approved | ||
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Not applicable | ||
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No UK approval for use |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Not applicable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Also used in |
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Chemical structure |
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C₃H₃N | |
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C=CC#N | |
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No data | |
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NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C3H3N/c1-2-3-4/h2H,1H2 | |
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Yes |
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Common Name | Relationship | Link |
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acrylonitrile | - | ![]() |
General status |
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Insecticide, Bactericide | |
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Unclassified | |
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Synthetic | |
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Respiratory action. | |
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107-13-1 | |
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203-466-5 | |
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000601 | |
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7855 | |
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608-003-00-4 | |
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53.06 | |
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prop-2-enenitrile | |
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acrylonitrile | |
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acrylonitrile | |
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Not applicable | |
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Not applicable | |
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Not applicable | |
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Not known | |
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Not applicable | |
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Colourless to pale yellow liquid with a garlic type odour |
Formulations |
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Fumigant |
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76000 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
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100000 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Methanol4 = Verified data |
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100000 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Ethyl acetate4 = Verified data |
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100000 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Acetone4 = Verified data |
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100000 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Heptane4 = Verified data |
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-84 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
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77 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
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1.20 X 10-01 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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-0.92 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
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0.81 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
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1.37 X 1007 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Highly volatile | ||||||||
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0.063 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
Non-volatile | ||||||||
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Degradation |
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15 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Non-persistent | |||||||
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Literature states degradation in activated sewage sludge is complete in 20 days | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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- | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
Very mobile | |||||||
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9.0 | ||||||||||
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Fate indices |
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3.58 | Calculated | High leachability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2.82 X 10-01 | Calculated | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Low | Calculated | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Very mobile | Calculated | - |
Other known metabolites |
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2-cyanolethylene oxide | - | - | - | - | |||||
glycidonitrile | - | Rat | - | - | |||||
pyruvonitrile | - | Rat | - | - | |||||
cyanoacetaldehyde | - | Rat | - | - | |||||
cyanoacetic acid | - | Rat | - | - | |||||
2-cyanoethanol | - | Rat | - | - | |||||
glycoladehyde | - | Rat | - | - |
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48 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
Low potential | |||||||
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Not available | - | |||||||||
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78.0 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Rat4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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10.1 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Pimephales promelas4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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7.6 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Daphnia magna4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.5 | P4 P = Other governments and regulators Daphnia magna4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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78.0 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Rat4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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Intravenous LD₅₀ = 69 mg kg⁻¹ | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Rabbit4 = Verified data |
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Acrylonitrile will permeate through the skin | ||||||||||
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Health issues |
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May cause light jaundice, leucoytosis, headaches and gastro-intestinal problems Liver and kidney toxicant IARC group 2B carcinogen |
Handling issues |
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May emit toxic fumes of cyanide on heating May be explosive under some conditions Flammable |
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Health: H350, H331, H311, H301, H335, H315 Environment: H411 |
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Carcinogen category 2: R45 T - Toxic: R23/24/25 Xn - Harmful: R43 Xi - Irritant: R37/38 N - Dangerous for the environment: R51/53 |
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FM (Fumigant, not classified) | |||
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acrylonitrile | ||
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nitrile acrylique | ||
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Acrylnitril | ||
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Nitrile acrilico | ||
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acrylnitril |
Record last updated: | 16/12/2020 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |