Fentin hydroxide

Fentin hydroxide	Last updated: 21/01/2021
(Also known as: organotin)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

A non-systemic fungicide used to control a variety of infections including blight on potatoes, leaf spot on sugar beet and alternaria blight on carrots

Example pests controlled

Early and late blight; Septoria leaf spot; Rusts; Scab

Example applications

Potatoes; Celery and celeriac; Onions; Sugarbeet; Peanuts; Wheat; Coffee; Pecans

Efficacy & activity

Availability status

Unknown

Introduction & key dates

1960

UK regulatory status

UK COPR regulatory status

Not approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

Expired

UK LERAP status

No UK approval for use

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Not approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

Expired

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece

ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg

LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia

Also used in

Chemical structure

Isomerism

None

Chemical formula

C₁₈H₁₆OSn

Canonical SMILES

C1=CC=C(C=C1)[Sn](C2=CC=CC=C2)C3=CC=CC=C3.O

Isomeric SMILES

No data

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

BFWMWWXRWVJXSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/3C6H5.H2O.Sn/c3*1-2-4-6-5-3-1;;/h3*1-5H;1H2;/q;;;;+1/p-1/rC18H16OSn/c19-20(16-10-4-1-5-11-16,17-12-6-2-7-13-17)18-14-8-3-9-15-18/h1-15,19H

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

General status

Pesticide type

Fungicide

Substance group

Organometal

Minimum active substance purity

Known relevant impurities

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Curative and protective action. Inhibitor of ATP synthase.

CAS RN

76-87-9

EC number

200-990-6

CIPAC number

490

US EPA chemical code

083601

PubChem CID

6327657

Molecular mass

367.0

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

triphenylstannanol

IUPAC name

triphenyltin hydroxide

CAS name

triphenylstannylium hydroxide

Other status information

OSPAR soc; Severe Marine Pollutant; Chemical subject to PIC regulations

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)

Not applicable

Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA)

Not applicable

Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)

Not applicable

Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)

Examples of recorded resistance

Physical state

Colourless crystals

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

Du-Ter
Duter
Haitin
Tubotin

Example products using this active

Barclay
Duphar
Schering
Nitoo Kasei
Hoechst

Formulation and application details

Usually formulated as a wettable powder or suspension concentrate

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

Low

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

50000

Acetone

10000

Ethanol

74000

1,2-Dichloroethane

171000

Diethyl ether

Melting point (°C)

123

Boiling point (°C)

Degradation point (°C)

Flashpoint (°C)

174

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

2.69 X 10⁰³

Calculated

Log P

3.43

High

Bulk density (g ml⁻¹)

1.54

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

0.047

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

4.30 X 10^-02

Non-volatile

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

Moderately persistent

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

DT₉₀ (field)

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on plant matrix

Value

Note

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on and in plant matrix

Value

Note

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

Slow

Note

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

Moderately persistent

Note

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

Moderately fast

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

Moderately fast

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d

Slightly mobile

K_oc

3104

Notes and range

Freundlich

K_f

K_foc

¹/_n

Notes and range

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

0.95

Calculated

Low leachability

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

1.91 X 10^-02

Calculated

Note

Potential for particle bound transport index

Medium

Calculated

Potential for loss via drain flow

Slightly mobile

Calculated

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

4300

Threshold for concern

CT₅₀ (days)

Not available

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

108

Rat

Moderate

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

(ppm diet)

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

377.6

Anas platyrhynchos

Moderate

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.05

Cyprinidae

High

Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

< 0.00021

Cyprinodon variegatus

High

Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.0165

Daphnia magna

High

Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.0037

Americamysis bahia

High

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

0.008

Lemna gibba 7 day

High

Non-target plants

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

0.0000024

Scenedesmus acutus

High

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

114.8

Low

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other pollinators (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other pollinators (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Moderate

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

Other soil macro-organisms

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

230

Folsomia candida 35d LC₅₀

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Other arthropod (1)

LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

% Effect

Other arthropod (2)

LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

% Effect

Soil micro-organisms

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

108

Rat

Moderate

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

127.0

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.06

Rat

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.0004

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.001

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

Dermal penetration studies (%)

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

List I

Exposure Routes

Public

Occupational

Occupational exposure may occur through inhalation and dermal contact

European MRLs

EU MRL pesticide database

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

No data found

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

No data found

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

No data found

General human health issues

No further information available

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

IMDG Transport Code is normally 6.1

CLP classification 2013

Health: H301, H311, H315, H318, H330, H335, H351, H361d, H372
Environment: H400, H410

EC Risk Classification

Carcinogen category 3: R40
Reproduction risk category 3: R63
T+ - Very toxic: R26
T - Toxic: R24/25, R48/23, R41
Xi - Irritant: R37/38
N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53

EC Safety Classification

S1/2, S26, S28, S36/37/39, S45, S60, S61

WHO Classification

II (Moderately hazardous)

UN Number

2786

Waste disposal & packaging

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

fentin hydroxide

French

fentine hydroxyde

German

Fentinhydroxid

Danish

fentin hydroxid

Italian

fentin idrossido

Spanish

hidróxido de fentin

Greek

Polish

wodorotlenek fentinu

Swedish

Hungarian

fentin hidroxid

Dutch

fentinhydroxide

Record last updated:	21/01/2021
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242