Florylpicoxamid (Ref: X12485659)	Last updated: 13/03/2024
(Also known as: XDE 659; XR-659)

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SUMMARY

Data alerts

The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.

Environmental fate	Ecotoxicity	Human health
Environmental fate Moderate alert: Drainflow: Slightly mobile; Potential for particle bound transport: Medium	Ecotoxicity High alert: Fish acute ecotoxicity: High; Daphnia acute ecotoxicity: High; Earthworms acute ecotoxicity: High	Human health Moderate alert: Possible Carcinogen; Reproduction/development effects

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description	A 'green chemistry' fungicide derived from renewable raw materials which offers curative and protectant disease control of a wide range of pathogens in multiple crops
Example pests controlled	Septoria spp, Powdery Mildews, Botrytis spp, Anthracnose, Alternaria, Scab, Monilinia and others
Example applications	Cereals; Vines; Fruits; Nuts; Vegetables; Oilseed rape; Sugarbeet; Lentils; Ornamentals
Efficacy & activity	Efficacy and crop safety was assessed in various places including Australi and new Zealand
Availability status	Novel
Introduction & key dates	2019, introduced

UK regulatory status

UK COPR regulatory status	Not approved
Date COPR inclusion expires	Not applicable
UK LERAP status	No UK approval for use

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status	Pending
Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur	Denmark
Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires	Not applicable
EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)	No
Listed in EU database	Yes
Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States	ATAustria BEBelgium BGBulgaria CYCyprus CZCzech Republic DEGermany DKDenmark EEEstonia ELGreece                   ESSpain FIFinland FRFrance HRCroatia HUHungary IEIreland ITItaly LTLithuania LULuxembourg                   LVLatvia MTMalta NLNetherlands PLPoland PTPortugal RORomania SESweden SISlovenia SKSlovakia
Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 by Mutual Recognition of Authorisation and/or national regulations in the following EEA countries	ISIceland NONorway

Additional information

Also used in	Australia; USA; Canada; South Korea

Chemical structure

Isomerism	Isomeric but purposely developed as a single stereoisomer
Chemical formula	C₂₇H₂₆F₂N₂O₆
Canonical SMILES	CC(C(C1=CC=C(C=C1)F)C2=CC=C(C=C2)F)OC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C3=NC=CC(=C3OC(=O)C)OC
Isomeric SMILES	C[C@@H](C(C1=CC=C(C=C1)F)C2=CC=C(C=C2)F)OC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)C3=NC=CC(=C3OC(=O)C)OC
International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)	ATZHVIVDMUCBEY-HOTGVXAUSA-N
International Chemical Identifier (InChI)	InChI=1S/C27H26F2N2O6/c1-15(31-26(33)24-25(37-17(3)32)22(35-4)13-14-30-24)27(34)36-16(2)23(18-5-9-20(28)10-6-18)19-7-11-21(29)12-8-19/h5-16,23H,1-4H3,(H,31,33)/t15-,16-/m0/s1
2D structure diagram/image available?	Yes

General status

Pesticide type	Fungicide, Bactericide
Substance groups	Picolinamide fungicide
Minimum active substance purity	>98%
Known relevant impurities	-
Substance origin	Synthetic
Mode of action	Broad spectrum. Substance is a quinone inside inhibitor (QiI) causing disruption of the fungal mitochondrial electron transport system complex III.
CAS RN	1961312-55-9
EC number	No data found
CIPAC number	None allocated
US EPA chemical code	-
PubChem CID	-
CLP index number	No data found
Molecular mass	512.51
PIN (Preferred Identification Name)	(1S)-2,2-bis(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methylethyl N-[(3-acetoxy-4-methoxy-2-pyridyl)carbonyl]-L-alaninate
IUPAC name	(1S)-2,2-bis(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methylethyl N-[(3-acetoxy-4-methoxy-2-pyridyl)carbonyl]-L-alaninate
CAS name	(1S)-2,2-bis(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methylethyl N-[[3-(acetyloxy)-4-methoxy-2-pyridinyl]carbonyl]-L-alaninate
Other status information	-
Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards	-
Herbicide Resistance Class (HRAC MoA class)	Not applicable
Herbicide Resistance Class (WSSA MoA class)	Not applicable
Insecticide Resistance Class (IRAC MoA class)	Not applicable
Fungicide Resistance Class (FRAC MOA class)	21
Examples of recorded resistance	None identified
Physical state	Fine, off-white coloured powder

Formulations

Property	Value
Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically	Dow AgroSciences LLC Corteva Agriscience
Example products using this active	Adavelt Zetigo
Formulation and application details	Usually supplied as an emulsifiable concentrate formulation

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property		Value	Source; quality score; and other information	Interpretation
Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)		4.0	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	Low
Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)		250000	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Methanol	-
		250000	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Acetone	-
		190	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes n-Heptane	-
		250000	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Ethyl acetate	-
Melting point (°C)		91	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	-
Boiling point (°C)		Decomposes before boiling	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	-
Degradation point (°C)		150	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	-
Flashpoint (°C)		-	-	-
Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C	P	1.58 X 1004	Calculated	-
	Log P	4.2	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	High
Fat solubility of residues	Solubility	-	-	-
	Data type	-	-	-
Density (g ml⁻¹)		1.28	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	-
Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C		-	-	-
		-
Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)		5.0 X 10-03	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	Low volatility
Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)		6.0 X 10-06	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	Non-volatile
Volatilisation as max % of applied dose lost	From plant surface	-	-	-
	From soil surface	-	-	-
Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹		Max at 265nm & 271nm	P4 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 4 = Verified data	-
Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)		-	-	-

Degradation

Property		Value	Source; quality score; and other information	Interpretation
General biodegradability		-
Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)	DT₅₀ (typical)	-	-	-
	DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)	185	P4 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 4 = Verified data	Persistent
	DT₅₀ (field)	2.5	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	Non-persistent
	DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)	-	-	-
	DT₉₀ (field)	-	-	-
	DT₅₀ modelling endpoint	-	-	-
	Note	Australian Dossier 2022: Lab studies DT₅₀ (normalised) range 99-287 days, Field studies: DT₅₀ (measured) range 1.7-4.1 days
Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on plant matrix	Value	-	-	-
	Note	-
Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on and in plant matrix	Value	-	-	-
	Note	-
Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7	Value	0.12	P4 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 4 = Verified data	Fast
	Note	-
Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7	Value	17	P4 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 4 = Verified data	Non-persistent
	Note	pH sensitive: 13 days at pH4; 0.33 days at pH9
Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)		-	-	-
Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)		31	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	Stable
Air degradation		As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below.

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property		Value	Source; quality score; and other information	Interpretation
Linear	Kd	-	-	-
	Koc	-
	Notes and range	-
Freundlich	Kf	22	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	Slightly mobile
	Kfoc	1299
	1/n	0.89
	Notes and range	Australian dossier 2022: Kf range 13-43 mL g⁻¹, Kfoc range 1453-26372 mL g⁻¹
pH sensitivity		-

Fate indices

Property		Value	Source; quality score; and other information	Interpretation
GUS leaching potential index		0.35	Calculated	Low leachability
SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate	Value	9.70 X 10-04	Calculated	-
	Note	-
Potential for particle bound transport index		Medium	Calculated	-
Potential for loss via drain flow		Slightly mobile	Calculated	-
Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀ (hrs) as indicator of long-range air transport risk		-	-	-
Bio-concentration factor	BCF (l kg⁻¹)	-	-	-
	CT₅₀ (days)	-		-

Known soil metabolites

Metabolite	Major/Minor fraction	Estimated maximum occurrence fraction	Notes
Ref: X1285649	Major fraction	0.930	-
Ref: X12485631	Major fraction	0.330	-
Ref: X12485473	Major fraction	0.120	-

Known groundwater metabolites

None

Other known metabolites

None

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Terrestrial ecotoxicology

Property		Value	Source; quality score; and other information	Interpretation
Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)		> 2000	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes rat	Low
Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL	(mg kg⁻¹)	-	-	-
	(ppm diet)	-		-
Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)		-	-	-
Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)		> 2000	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Anas platyrhynchos	Low
Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)		-	-	-
Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)		-	-	-
Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)		> 3.3	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Eisenia andrei corr	High
Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)		-	-	-
Soil micro-organisms		-	-	-
Collembola	Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)	-	-	-
	Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)	-	-	-
Non-target plants		> 134	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Solanum lycopersicum Vegetative vigour ER25 as g ha⁻¹	-
		> 300	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes ten species tested Seedling emergence ER25 as g ha⁻¹	-
Honeybees (Apis spp.)	Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)	> 100	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Apis mellifera	Low
	Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)	> 108	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Apis mellifera	Low
	Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)	-	-	-
	Chronic NOEDD µg bee⁻¹	13	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Apis mellifera Adults	-
Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)	Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)	-	-	-
		-
	Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)	-	-	-
		-
Mason bees (Osmia spp.)	Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)	-	-	-
	Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)	-	-	-
Other bee species (1)	Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)	-	-	-
	Mode of exposure	-
Other bee species (2)	Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)	-	-	-
	Mode of exposure	-
Beneficial insects (Ladybirds) Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹		161	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Coccinella septempunctata	-
Beneficial insects (Lacewings) Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹		467	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Chrysoperla carnea	-
Beneficial insects (Parasitic wasps) Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹		297	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Aphidius rhopalosiphi	-
Beneficial insects (Predatory mites) Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹		55.0	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Typhlodromus pyri	-
Beneficial insects (Ground beetles)		-	-	-

Aquatic ecotoxicology

Property		Value	Source; quality score; and other information	Interpretation
Temperate Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)		> 0.011	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Oncorhynchus mykiss	High
Temperate Freshwater Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)		-	-	-
Tropical Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)		-	-	-
Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)		0.059	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Daphnia magna	High
Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)		-	-	-
Tropical Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)		-	-	-
Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)		0.010	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Americamysis bahia	High
Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)		0.18	P4 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 4 = Verified data Chironomus riparius as EC₅₀	Moderate
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)		-	-	-
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)		-	-	-
Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)		2.8	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Lemna gibba	Moderate
Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)		4.5	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata	Moderate
Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)		-	-	-
Mesocosm study data	NOEAEC mg l⁻¹	-	-	-
	NOEAEC mg l⁻¹	-	-	-

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property		Value	Source; quality score; and other information	Interpretation
Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)		High (class III)	-	-
Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)		> 2000	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes rat	Low
Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)		-	-	-
Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)		-	-	-
Other Mammal toxicity endpoints		-	-	-
ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)		0.1	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Rabbit SF=100 Australia	-
ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)		None allocated	P5 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Australia	-
AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)		-	-	-
AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)		-	-	-
Dermal penetration studies (%)		-	-	-
Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464		-	-	-
Exposure Routes	Public	-
	Occupational	-
MRLs	European	EU MRL pesticide database
	Great Britain	GB MRL Register
	Notes	-
Drinking Water Standards		-	-	-
Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)		-	-	-
Mammalian dose elimination route and rate		Metabolised and rapidly eliminated in faeces and urine	P4 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 4 = Verified data	-

Health issues

Specific human health issues		Carcinogen Genotoxic Endocrine disruptor ?Possibly, status not identified A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; E3 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 3 = Negative XNo, known not to cause a problem Reproduction / development effects Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor Neurotoxicant ?Possibly, status not identified XNo, known not to cause a problem XNo, known not to cause a problem Respiratory tract irritant Skin irritant Skin sensitiser No data found XNo, known not to cause a problem XNo, known not to cause a problem Eye irritant Phototoxicant   ?Possibly, status not identified No data found
General human health issues		May distrupt developmentcausibng reduced weights & decreased feeding

Handling issues

Property	Value and interpretation
General	Not hghly flammable Not explosive or oxidising
CLP classification 2013	-
WHO Classification	Not listed (Not listed)
UN Number	-
Waste disposal & packaging	-
Shelf-life, storage, stability and reactivity	Stable for around 2 years under normal storage conditions

TRANSLATIONS

Language	Name
English	florylpicoxamid
French	florylpicoxamide
German	-
Danish	-
Italian	-
Spanish	-
Greek	-
Polish	-
Swedish	-
Hungarian	-
Dutch	-
Norwegian	-

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Record last updated:	13/03/2024
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242