Hexachlorobenzene (Ref: ENT 1719) |
![]() Last updated: 27/11/2019 |
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(Also known as: HCB; perchlorobenzene) |
SUMMARY |
Hexachlorobenzene is a fungicide banned in the EU. It has a low aqueous solubility and is volatile with a low potential for leaching to groundwater. It may be very persistent in soil systems. Hexachlorobenzene las a low mammalian toxicity but a high potential to bioaccumulate. It may also be carcinogenic. It is highly toxic to fish and moderately toxic to birds, aquatic invertebrates, algae and earthworms. |
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An chlorinated hydrocarbon fungicide used to control bunt and a pesticide transformation product | |
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Common and Dwarf bunt | |
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Wheat and some other cereals | |
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Unknown, Banned | |
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circa 1947 |
UK regulatory status |
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Not approved | ||
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Expired | ||
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No UK approval for use |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Expired | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Also used in |
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Chemical structure |
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None | |
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C₆Cl₆ | |
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C1(=C(C(=C(C(=C1Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl | |
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No data | |
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CKAPSXZOOQJIBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C6Cl6/c7-1-2(8)4(10)6(12)5(11)3(1)9 | |
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Yes |
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Common Name | Relationship | Link |
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hexachlorobenzene | - | ![]() |
General status |
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Fungicide, Biocide, Metabolite, Wood preservative | |
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Soil | |
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Chlorinated hydrocarbon | |
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Synthetic | |
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Fumigant action on fungal spores | |
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118-74-1 | |
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204-273-9 | |
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161 | |
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061001 | |
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8370 | |
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284.80 | |
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perchlorobenzene | |
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hexachlorobenzene | |
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WFD priority substance; Chemical subject to PIC regulations; OSPAR candidate; Rotterdam Convention (Class Ia) | |
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EU Directive 2008/105/EC EQS surface waters: annual average 0.01 µg l⁻¹; max measured 0.05 µg l⁻¹ UK Statutory standard for the protection of aquatic life in inland, coastal and territorial waters: 0.03 µg l⁻¹ as annual average Other standards are also available |
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Not applicable | |
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Not applicable | |
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Not applicable | |
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Not known | |
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Colourless crystals |
Can be a metabolite of: |
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quintozene | Soil | - | - |
Formulations |
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Often used as a seed dressing. |
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0.0047 | G4 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET (click here ) 4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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226 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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325 | V3 V = ChemID online databases / IPCS INCHEM (ChemID; IPCS INCHEM ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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242 | V3 V = ChemID online databases / IPCS INCHEM (ChemID; IPCS INCHEM ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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8.51 X 1003 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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3.93 | H4 H = The US ARS pesticide properties database (click here ) 4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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2.044 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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1.45 | G4 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET (click here ) 4 = Verified data |
Low volatility | ||||||||
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1.03 X 1001 | H4 H = The US ARS pesticide properties database (click here ) 4 = Verified data |
Moderately volatile | ||||||||
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Degradation |
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2000 | G3 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET (click here ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Very persistent | |||||||
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General literature states DT₅₀ range 2.7-7.5 years, highly persistent | ||||||||||
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9.7 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Lettuce leaves, n=1 | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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- | G3 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET (click here ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Non-mobile | |||||||
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50000 | ||||||||||
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Fate indices |
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-2.31 | Calculated | Low leachability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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5.35 X 10-03 | Calculated | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Estimated concentrations of chemicals with Koc values greater than 9995 ml g⁻¹ are beyond the scope of the regression data used in SCI-GROW development. If there are concerns for such chemicals, a higher tier groundwater exposure assessment should be considered, regardless of the concentration returned by SCI-GROW | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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High | Calculated | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Non-mobile | Calculated | - |
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35000 | A3 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) (Other literature values Log BCF range 1.6-5.4 (R3); PIC DGD gives BCF range 375-35000)3 = Unverified data of known source |
High potential | |||||||
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Not available | - | |||||||||
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> 10000 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
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> 575 | G4 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET (click here ) Colinus virginianus4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.03 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Oncorhynchus mykiss4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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> 0.0048 | P3 P = Other governments and regulators Pimephales promelas 32 day3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
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0.5 | F2 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Daphnia magna 24 hour2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 0.003 | P4 P = Other governments and regulators Daphnia magna4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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0.01 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Scenedesmus abundans4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 1000 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Eisenia foetida4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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> 10000 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
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List I | - | - | ||||||||
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Primary source of exposure is via diet but risk is low as substance is banned | |||||||||
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Risk via exhalation | ||||||||||
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Health issues |
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Extremely hazardous IARC group 2B carcinogen Endocrine issues - Severely disruption of thyroid hormone production |
Handling issues |
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No information available | |||
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Health: H350, H372 Environment: H400, H410 |
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Carcinogen category 2: R45 T - Toxic: R48/25 N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53 |
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S45, S53, S60, S61 | |||
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Ia (Extremely hazardous) | |||
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2729 | |||
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hexachlorobenzene | ||
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hexachlorobenzène | ||
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Hexachlorbenzol | ||
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hexachlorbenzen | ||
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esaclorobenzene | ||
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hexaclorobenceno | ||
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heksachlorobenzen | ||
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hexachloorbenzeen |
Record last updated: | 27/11/2019 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |